BA-11 armored car was the most perfect Soviet Union before World War II, and his version of the BA-11D with the diesel engine at the time did not have analogues in the world. The logic of the development of military technology dictated the need to increase the firepower of the reservation and the newly created wheeled and tracked combat vehicles.
During 1936-1937 years on the Moscow Automobile Plant was designed special shortened chassis ZIS-6K with increased engine power, lowered down to the frame, and with an additional rear wheel. mockup of the machine was built. The positive results of this work allowed to start in the winter 1938 year to build a new heavy armored car BA-11 (Chassis - ZIS-34). And did the layout engineer. FROM. Eisenberg, Chassis engineers engaged in R. AT. Salomatin, B. M. Fitterman, AT. n. Smolin and others. At the same time at the Izhora plant under the supervision of an engineer A. n. Baranov was designed quite perfect at the time hull of.
By the end 1938 year ZISe already collected experimental chassis with the breadboard hulls, and a year later the Izhora plant built the first prototype of the armored car BA-11. true, take part in the Finnish campaign, as intended, he could not.
After testing the Moscow car factory began to develop a conveyor assembly chassis ZIS-34. During 1940 It had been collected 16 armored vehicles, including the BA-11D.
Widely deployed production failed - in November 1940 it was decided to suspend the release of the BA-11 up to the development of all-wheel drive chassis ZIS. The beginning of the war finally gave up on the machine.
Design
Standard "zisovsky" engine was boosted to 93 l. from. (with aluminum head - up 99 l. from.), mainly due to the increase in compression ratio and speed and improve cylinder filling. The reliability of its work on the armored vehicle dubbed increased ignition - magneto and battery. Candles were screened, not to create interference radio reception. The presence of the reverse in the range group add up to 9 forward gears and 6 - back, And the reverse speed reached 90 % from the front. It was equipped with a full back office management. There was a mechanism to manually start the engine inside the car. The frame was shortened to 400 mm; and accordingly reduced the base (on 350 mm). Front Axle was strengthened. Oversized bulletproof tires had large lugs. Increased permeability of car "OVERALL" crawler chain, worn on bogie wheels, and spare wheels on the sides with the possibility of rotation, whereas conventional.
BA-11 could overcome the rise of soil up to 22 °. Squat body it with a sloping location of all armor plates increased thickness should reliably protect the crew from armor-piercing and heavy bullets, individual fragments. Low tower rational form, Although carrying the same weapon, as well as the basic armored vehicles and tanks of the Red Army (more powerful gun with a moderate recoil was not yet), ammunition but it increased to 114 shells. The car was quite stable when firing. Two machine guns was again (Total 3087 rounds) - coupled with the gun and ball mount on the front of the compartment, fire which led the commander. He also worked on a two-way radio. The crew had a bullet-proof observation devices PT-K.
Serial BA-11 from the radiator grille
combat application
During 1940-41 s was made whole 16 armored cars BA-11. Their first samples to be used in the Finnish campaign, However, the rapid completion of the fighting on the Karelian Isthmus delayed baptism of armored vehicles more than a year. After the start of the Great Patriotic War, the BA-11 further serial production proved impossible, since Izhora Plant, which were made armored housing for machines, She was cut off because of the blockade of Leningrad. He stopped also three-axle landing gear due to the evacuation of Moscow ZIS factory. A small number of built BA-11s were used in the initial period of the Great Patriotic War on the Leningrad Front.. Armor protection and firepower, as well as mobility and the stock AD-11 running slightly higher than the T-26. On the highway, he at the same engine power developed twice the speed. They have been used as part of a separate avtobronebatalona 42nd Army fire support for infantry and cavalry, as well as to combat armored vehicles and gun emplacements of the enemy.
Prototype BA-11 with blinds
options
AT 1940 year on chassis ZIS-34D was installed an experienced automobile 6-cylinder diesel engine ZIS-D-7 (designers P. AT. Smetannikov, AT. A. Budnil, AND. AND. Mochalin) power 96-98 l. from. at 2200 rev / min. AT 1941 Diesel was the first Soviet armored car BA-11D was tested. Because of the heavy weight of the car engine has increased to 8,65 t; however, due to its higher efficiency power reserve in the same tanks (150 l) increased by 33 %. true, the maximum speed on the highway dropped to 48 km / h - it was necessary to change the gear ratio in the main transmission, but the best traction diesel engine allowed to increase the average speed on the highway to 39,8 kmh, which was not bad for the armored car of this class. Increased fire safety and machine. Master engine D-7 before the war did not have time, but it served as the basis for a successful tractor 4-cylinder diesel engine D-35, widely available after the war.
evaluation
According to BA-11 armament superior to foreign models of heavy armored vehicles, and diesel BA-11D does not have analogues. However nepolnoprivodnye chassis, even such relatively powerful and reliable, We could not provide the necessary mobility on the road. It required a three-axle vehicle with four-wheeler. Also chassis ZIS-36 (6 × 6) Geared with rear axles were manufactured fall 1940 year and sent for booking in Kolpino; but the emergence of a new, improved armored war prevented. She showed, wheeled armored vehicles that can only be developed on the basis of all-wheel drive chassis.
The performance characteristics of the BA-11
Crew, pers.: 4
years of production: 1939—1941
years of operation: 1939—1942
The number of issued, PC.: 18
Weight BA-11
– 8,13 tonnes
Dimensions BA-11
– body Length, mm: 5295
– housing width, mm: 2490
– Height, mm: 2390
– base, mm: 3550
– Track, mm: 1920
– Clearance, mm: 265
BA-11 armor
– Type broni: rolled steel
– housing forehead, mm / city.: 13
– body board, mm / city.: 10—13
– housing feed, mm / city.: 13
– Bottom, mm: 4
– corps roof, mm: 8
– tower forehead, mm / city.: 13
– board towers, mm / city.: 13
– tower feed, mm / city.: 13
Armament BA-11
– Caliber guns and stamp: 45-mm 20K
– gun type: nareznaya
– barrel length, calibres: 46
– gun ammunition: 114
– sights: Top telescopic arr. 1930 g, periscope PT-1 mod. 1932 g.
– Shotgun: 2 × 7,62-mm DT
BA-11 engine
– engine's type: line 6-cylinder liquid-cooled Carburetor
– Engine power, l. from.: 90
BA-11 speed
– Road speed, kmh: 64
– Cruising on the highway, km: 316
– power density, l. p. / m: 11,1
– Kolёsnaya formula: 6 × 4
– suspension type: leaf springs
– Gradeability, city.: 22
– fording, m: 0,6
Photo page 11
German soldiers inspect burnt his crew armored car BA-11, July 1941 of the year.
Podbityi AND 11
