BMP-2 (GBTU index - Object 675) - Soviet and Russian tracked infantry fighting vehicle, designed for transporting personnel to the front edge, increasing its mobility, armed and security of the battlefield in the conditions of use of nuclear weapons and joint action with the tanks in the battle.
BMP-2 – video
The main difference from BMP-1 It is larger tower and equipping another armament. The tower accommodates two people: squad (case) and gunner. The main armament - Automatic 30 mm automatic cannon 2A42, We produce at the Tula Engineering Plant.
BMP-2 entered service in 1977 year.
modifications
BMP-2M Berežok
BMP-2M "Berežok" – Russian modification of the BMP-2. An optional panoramic sight. changed the location of AGS-17, established 4 PU PTUR «Cornet». AT 2005 year contract was signed with Algeria on modification 300 machines to the level of BMP-2M.
BMP-2D
developed 1981 year specifically for fighting in Afghanistan. During the Afghan war and military developers suddenly learned, that opponents are shooting not only on the forehead, but also in the side and stern BMP, which actually in combined arms combat (experience of the Second World War) It was not supposed, and sheltered sides sacrificed in favor of the ability to overcome water obstacles on their own. Epiphany cost dearly, but how rezulytat insights, during the fighting appeared BMP-2A.
This infantry fighting vehicle – BMP-2D. This is the only modernization of BMP-2 for 32 years of standing in service. Too many people who fought in Afghanistan remember this car a good word. In fact BMP-2D This is the machine, and which is needed for the war. Yes, This machine has lost the opportunity to swim but there was armor (even if it is easy and bulletproof) not only in frontal projection and became circular. Unfortunately "armor" of the BMP-1/2, neat, circular bulletproof can not boast.
These photos, for clarity, It shows the location of the additional armor, on the main body of infantry fighting vehicle. Additional armor, not just hung, and at some distance from the main body of reservation. This distance, near 50 – 60 mm. This was done to improve the protection of bulletproof and protivokumulyativnymi. In fact it is a classic screening has led to an increase in the weight of the BMP but it is within a reasonable. In the case of BMP-2A, weight of the car has changed from the front of the sample on the 500 kg.
BMP-2 weighs 14 000 kg, a BMP-2D vesit 14 500+2% kg. As already evident from the very first photos, strengthening booking underwent board machines.
And one of the weak points, revealed during combat operations in Afghanistan by Soviet troops, in vehicles BMP-1 and BMP-2 is the back part of the tower which pierces small arms fire. BMP-2A, this disadvantage is eliminated.
Besides, additionally it has been strengthened and another weak point of the base BMP-1 and moved from it in BMP-2 is the bottom in the area of the driver and located behind them arrow. On all machines BMP-2D bottom was further enhanced in this place.
P.S. Across 10 years after the withdrawal of troops from Afghanistan in the Russian army was not a single car brand BMP-2A. A single copy costs in armored museum in Kubinka.
BMP-2 with combat unit "Bakhcha-U"
Experimental modification of the BMP-2 with combat unit "Bakhcha-U". It developed in 1999-2000. Modernization made to improve the combat power of the BMP-2 to BMP-3. However, due to the large amount of equipment we carry troops reduced to 5 human, but because of the increased weight lost opportunity to swim. In fact, the car turned into a non-floating BRM.
BMP-2 weapon station Rostock
BMP-2 to AGS-17 "Flame"
Modified BMP-2, It differs from the base of the machine by the presence of the grenade launcher AG-17 "Flame". Grenade launcher mounted in the rear of the tower. Guidance is remotely controlled by the operator-gunner and commander. Ammunition in the box with ribbon on 250 shots. It produces a small series.
BMP-2K
Created to manage motorized rifle divisions. In the car, there is an additional short-wave radio, for long-distance space for the antenna mast. The other characteristics are similar to the base machine.
foreign modification
BVP-2 - BMP-2, produced under license in 1984-1987 in Czechoslovakia at the "Podpolyanske stroyarne" in Detva and ZTS in Dubnica nad Váhom. produced by 344 instance.
"Sarath" - BMP-2, manufactured under license in India
Of BMP-2 - modification of the BMP-2 for the Finnish Army
History of creation
The machine was set up as a result of modification of the BMP-1. Work in this direction were made in KB Kurgan engineering plant with 1974 GBTU year under the symbol "Object 675" and "Object 680". Also, the issue of modernization of the BMP-1 was worked at the Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant with 1972 year, under the symbol "Object 769". AT 1980 was adopted version of the Kurgan Machine-Building Plant was adopted, which was deployed mass production of BMP-2.
Description of the construction
The crew consists of three people - the driver, operator-gunner and commander. Also in the car transported from landing 7 human, which can fire through the loopholes of the special personal weapons.
Armor hull and turret
The hull and turret of BMP-2 welded from rolled steel sheets of a thickness of armor 5 to 19 mm. Lobe tower thick 23 mm.
On the left front of the machine is the separation of management, in which the driver's seat with the motion controls of the machine, vision devices and means of communication. For driver-mechanic is a place arrow, equipped with a porthole for shooting from the sidearms, as well as the instruments of observation and communication.
Engine-transmission compartment is located right in front of the machine, the length of the machine combined with a control room and share the sound insulation wall. To access the MTO units in the partition are hatches.
In the middle part of the machine is the crew compartment, which occupies a tower and turret of the housing. In the fighting compartment located jobs operator gunner and commander, as well as main and auxiliary arms. The turret is rotatable floor space, in which the boxes are mounted with cartridges for machine guns, and the system of the tape supply gun armor-piercing tracer bullets and shrapnel. On the right side of the hull there are three shots with laying anti-tank, another is located in the turret space.
The troop compartment, located at the rear of the machine, are 6 Places for shooters. Each has a recess for shooting from the sidearms. At the stern, there are two doors to enter the landing. The left door has a loophole for firing a machine gun. Also to dismount landing at movement afloat or emergency evacuation of the seats in the roof of the body has two hatches. Troop compartment separates average fuel tank and a container electrical, wherein the accumulators are, heater and other electric units.
weaponry
The main difference from the BMP-2 BMP-1 is a new set of weapons. replacement of the reasons is the experience in the use of weapons of BMP-1, which are struggling to cope with the task of lesions typical infantry targets, especially zalogshey or sheltered manpower of the enemy. The problem was the fight against low-flying air targets, lungs BTR, and due to the low power ammunition, low accuracy and small range 2A28 Grom cannon, the fight against armored targets has been ineffective.
As the main arms of BMP-2 using a 30 mm automatic cannon 2A42 with ammunition in 500 shots. With gun paired 7,62 PKT machine gun, having ammunition in 2000 rounds. Besides, for combating tanks BMP-2 has ATRA 9K111 "Viola" or 9K111-1 "Competition" with 4 shot him.
There have also been installed on the machine 6 grenade launchers system 902V smoke screen "Cloud" for shooting 81-mm smoke grenades.
observation and communication tools
Place the driver is equipped with surveillance devices and the device A-3 tank intercom. Finding him place an arrow fitted with monitoring devices TNP-165A and 170A-TNPO. For communication there are apparatus A TPU-3.
At night, the driver uses the device TVN-2, which is set immediately before leaving in place the front triplex. Distance and angles TVN-2 is not great review (when darkness), Consequently, that is located on the sides of the car a driver can not see, it is the responsibility of the commander and gunner operator with a report on the intercom. The equipment comes complete with appliances, but more often it is stored separately from the machine.
Jobs commander and operators have the observation and aiming devices. Position command P-equipped radio unit 123M and A-1 TPU. The operator has the unit A-2 TPU for internal communication.
Jobs shooters in the troop compartment and aft doors for dismounting equipped devices TNPO-170A to monitor the terrain. a troop compartment used for internal communication devices A-3 and A-4 TPU. The right door has radio R-126.
Aiming for operator-gunner uses the combined sight (depending on the modification or BOD 1-42, or BOD 2-42) from 5.6-fold increase by day and night 5x. To operate in the active mode, Illuminator mounted on the machine OS-5. In addition to sight, the gunner has 3 periscopes TNPO-170A electrically heated, and 1 rear observation TNPT-1 device. two instruments TNPO-170A and one TNPT-1 installed for the commander of the machine, binocular viewing device TKN-3B and the day sight-1PZ 3 to search for air and ground purposes and guidance on their weapons.
Engine and transmission
Engine-transmission compartment of the machine is divided into two blocks. The first unit - the power and combines engine, planetary rotation mechanisms and gearbox. The second - the cooling and cleaning unit, there are combined cooling system radiators, engine lubrication, ejector, air cleaner and oil transmission system.
Motor - 6-cylinder, 4-stroke diesel beskompressorny UTD-20S1 liquid cooled direct injection. Maximum capacity of 210-221 kW. The total dry weight of the engine around 700 kg.
The power unit is at the very front of the machine, Under "rebrystыm" upper leaf bronevыm. It includes transmission includes a gearbox, steering units, clutch. All this in varying degrees, can be repaired in the field, since there is a direct access. the engine also, located to the right of the driver, is completely closed and without special equipment to access it virtually impossible. The only way to the engine being blocked armored plates over it, and without a serious lifting equipment is not even worth trying to repair. However, designers of this situation has been clearly thought out: if something happens to the engine, It means the machine is not efficient and is, Consequently, It requires major repairs, and he can be properly carried out only in the designated areas.
Through hatches Engine repair is not possible in the inner wall, through them is only scheduled maintenance. In addition they are used in the cold season, when the engine has warmed up, and the temperature in the cabin is not even higher than outside, although the team "on machines!"I have already gone. Here they are saving: the first heat receiving portion of a driver and a gunner sitting behind him, then sitting in the tower, and only then the troop compartment, with a condition, that long ride and feed the door is not opened frequently. It should be noted, in general, this separation is not much time to warm up, since the hatches are closed upon reaching a comfortable temperature for the driver. Thereafter, heating is due to the partitions and the heated air blown into the cabin.
Chassis
As a base used chassis shestiopornoy chassis, structure and characteristics similar to those of the BMP-1. Over rough terrain or dirt road (if not the same as the asphalt) movement speed of not more than 40-45 kmh.
The machines BMP series uses a unique steering, that somewhere between driving in armored personnel carriers and tanks levers, This so-called "steering wheel", consisting only of two horizontal arms. With the same freedom of rotation, and that at the helm, This allows you to operate the machine if the wheel technique, with the only difference, that its angle of deflection has its limitations. When it is turned to the side, It occurs smoothly uniform redistribution rods on caterpillars, this allows not pull the machine by turning, as it usually happens with machines on tracks, that in the end for them, detrimental effect on the ice rinks and Truckee. After releasing his, "Steering wheel" itself back to its original state. Consequently, the force must be applied only when you turn, a horizontal position at this point shows, The car is moving in a straight line. Through this structure,, control of the machine is greatly facilitated, and such maneuvers, like a snake on the speed, are more smooth.
Tactic-technical characteristics of BMP-2
Crew, people: 3
landing, people: 7
The layout: engine-transmission compartment in front, fighting in the center of, landing behind
All BMP-2
– 14,0 tonnes
The dimensions of the BMP-2
– body Length, mm: 6735
– housing width, mm: 3150
– Height, mm: 2450 (by osvetitelyu); 2250 (Instrument aiming)
– base, mm: 3600
– Track, mm: 2550
– Clearance, mm: 420
Armor BMP-2
– Type broni: steel rolled homogeneous (bulletproof, Fragment)
Weapon BMP-2
– Caliber guns and stamp: 30-mm 2A42
– gun type: nareznaya malokalibernaya avtomaticheskaya gun
– gun ammunition: 500 (armor, high-explosive)
– firing range, km: to 4 on ground; to 2,5 air
– sights: BPK-2-42 (BPK-1-42) - Binocular day and active-passive night and antiaircraft 1PZ-3
– Shotgun: 1 Mm × 7,62-PCT
– Other weapons: PTRC 9K111 and 9K113
Engine BMP-2
– engine's type: UTD-20s1
– Engine power, l. from: 300
Speed BMP-2
– Road speed, kmh: 65
– Speed over rough terrain, kmh: 40-50 on a dirt road; 7 afloat
– Cruising on the highway, km: 550—600
– power density, l. p. / m: 20,3—21,74
– Unit ground pressure, kg / cm²: 0,64—0,66
– Gradeability, city: 35°
– to overcome the wall, m: 0,7
– trench, m: 2,5
– fording, m: floats
Photo BMP-2
Inside BMP-2
Place the driver BMP-2
City Commander BMP-2
Workplace gunner BMP-2
