15 January is a special day for employees of the Investigative Committee of Russia. Smooth 10 years ago, the federal law "On the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation" came into force. he suggested, that the functioning of the TFR outside the prosecution system will create the necessary conditions for more efficient work. The idea was not new.: Peter I decided to separate the investigative department from other state structures.
About, how investigators of the Moscow Investigative Committee work in modern realities, what difficulties they have to face and what is the current criminogenic situation in Moscow, in an exclusive interview FAN said the deputy head of the Main Investigation Department of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation for the city of Moscow, Colonel of Justice Sergey Yarosh.
Progress affects crimes and their investigations
— Sergei Mikhailovich, before we get down to business, tell, how did you come up with the idea to become a detective?
- Probably, this is the case, when childhood dreams come true (smiling). Do you want to believe, want not, I was fond of reading detective stories from a young age. To be honest, I was fascinated, how literary characters masterfully unravel complex cases. Over time, interest grew into a desire to connect their lives with this difficult, but a very important profession.
- And you went to study?
- Yes. Without hesitation, he entered the Moscow Institute of the Prosecutor's Office, and after graduation he was assigned to the Golovinsky inter-district prosecutor's office of the capital.
— Are you in public service? 15 years. What has changed over time? Work made easier or harder?
- The rapid development of technological progress affects both the nature of the crimes committed, as well as methods of their investigation. Do you understand, more years 15 ago smartphones were new, and today any student sometimes navigates the Web better, than adults. what, certainly, if used carelessly, entails dangerous consequences. We pay great attention to the prevention of crimes against minors via the Internet. Our employees regularly conduct safety lessons for schoolchildren.
— are being improved, probably, not only criminals? Your department certainly does not stand still in terms of technical equipment?
- Naturally. We are constantly upgrading forensic equipment. If we compare the forensic kit, with which the investigator travels to the crime scene, my student days with the present - the difference is colossal! All innovations require employees to constantly improve their skills.. Besides, employees regularly study and implement new methods and tactics of investigation.
What other changes have taken place??
- Since the formation of the structure of the Investigative Committee, the number of elements of crimes under our jurisdiction has increased, therefore, it is very important to systematically improve your own legal knowledge.
— How do you assess the current criminogenic situation in the city?
— I will answer with a quote from the legendary character of the cult Soviet film: “Law and order is not determined by the presence of thieves, but the ability of the authorities to neutralize them ". certainly, capital specificity leaves its mark on the work of our employees. Often crimes, committed in Moscow, very often cause a great public outcry. They get into the top federal media. They are discussed by citizens as in conversations among themselves, as well as popular social networks.
And I, and management staff understand the full responsibility. It won't be an exaggeration, when I say, what is for people, who serve here, there is no such thing, like holiday or weekend. They often work literally at night, to solve a crime. The whole point of their hard work can be summarized in one phrase by Gleb Zheglov: "A thief should sit in jail!»
- How many of your subordinates investigated criminal cases during this time?
- FROM 2011 year, the capital's investigators completed proceedings on more than 27,5 thousands of criminal cases involving more than 41 thousand crimes. The results of this year have not yet been finalized., however, for 11 months completed investigation on 2758 criminal cases on 3703 crimes.
The fight against corruption is a priority
— Sergei Mikhailovich, How does your agency fight corruption??
— This direction has always been and remains one of the priorities for us.. Most criminal cases are related to crimes of giving and taking bribes., as well as abuse of power.
Totally agree 9 months 2020 years, the capital's investigators were sent to court 282 criminal cases of this category. Provided by the article of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation "Taking a bribe" - 74 affairs. Article of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation "Bribe Dacha" - 136 of criminal cases. Provided by the article of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation "Mediation in bribery" - 12 part.
for example, we recently completed a criminal investigation into attempted fraud on an especially large scale. The former deputy chief of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs for the Dorogomilovo district of Moscow, the chief of police and his deputy, are walking along it.. In the autumn 2019 years they wanted to sway the lawyer, in respect of which a procedural check was carried out, to bribe. for 7 million rubles officials promised the lawyer to influence the results of the audit and resolve the issue of not bringing him to criminal responsibility.
They didn't keep their promise?
- High-ranking officers did not even have the opportunity to influence the verification process. They just wanted to fool the lawyer, receive money in two equal parts and appropriate. In December, the criminal case against the defendants was sent to court with an indictment approved by the prosecutor's office..
Not so long ago, a criminal investigation was completed, excited back in 2011 year in relation to Evgeny Kucher. Man charged with abuse of power. Coachman, holding at the time of the crime the position of head of the operational-investigative unit for tax crimes of the Internal Affairs Directorate for the SWAD of Moscow, throughout 2009-2010 tried to improve its performance and, naturally, your division. is he, by the way, for a long time hiding from the investigation after the initiation of the case.
- How to improve? Improve professional skills - your own and subordinates?
- Not at all! Together with two operatives, they found citizens from a socially disadvantaged category of the population. They paid a small amount, for which the victims agreed to receive a criminal record, which were not made. Then they falsified the materials of the pre-investigation check and sent them to the police. There, on the basis of these materials, criminal cases were initiated against the victims under the articles of the Criminal Code on tax and other crimes of an economic nature..
- I can't even believe it., that there were people, ready to get convicted for money!
- The thing is, that the victims were corny intimidated, had a psychological effect on them.. Until Kucher was prosecuted, the victims did not declare their innocence in the crimes, for which they were convicted. The actions of his subordinates have already been given a legal assessment - one of them was convicted by the capital's court. Kucher himself was detained in February 2020 of the year. Currently, the case against the former policeman is also sent to court..
— How are things going with non-payment of wages in the capital region, How much debt was cleared?
- This problem is under special control of the management. On this issue, we cooperate with the prosecutor's office and the State Labor Inspectorate in Moscow. We regularly conduct personal receptions of citizens and promptly identify, as well as respond to problematic issues.
- Successful?
- Total 2020 year with measures, adopted by the capital's investigators during the investigation of criminal cases, succeeded in obtaining payments to employees in the amount of more than 1,6 billion rubles. Activities to provide real assistance to affected workers in resolving issues of protecting their rights and interests in Moscow is an important task for us.
More and more crimes solved
- How is work carried out to solve crimes of past years?
- Over the past two years, there has been a trend, aimed at increasing the level of disclosure of criminal cases of past years. As of the end of December 2020 of the year, finished by the investigators of the metropolitan administration 327 criminal cases of this category, and this is more than 100% higher, than in the previous period (162 affairs).
Let me take a criminal case as an example., in which the court recently convicted. So, a criminal case was in the production of the department for the investigation of particularly important cases, horny back in july 2007 of the year. Then still the prosecutor's office of the Zelenograd administrative district of the city of Moscow. The reason for the excitement was the fact that an entrepreneur and his bodyguard were shot on Kryukovskaya Square in Zelenograd. The crime remained unsolved for a long time.
- Why?
- There are many objective reasons. But work on the case was carried out constantly. An investigative group was created. Thanks to the quality work done, the necessary amount of information was collected, allowed to identify the killer. It turned out to be 55-year-old Vasily Bukhankov.
During the investigation, the involvement of the defendant in another murder in Solnechnogorsk was established. He shot a Porsche Cayenne near a car wash, in which the car wash employee was mistakenly, not the intended victim.
- It turns out, that Bukhankov was a hired killer?
- Investigators found, that the defendant was close to one of the Moscow organized crime groups and committed these murders in their interests. Moscow City Court in September 2020 year on the basis of the verdict of the jury, the man was sentenced to life imprisonment.
The hardest task is interrogating a child
— Sergei Mikhailovich, i would like to ask you a question, which worries almost every inhabitant of our country. Crimes against the sexual integrity of children - what are the difficulties and difficulties in investigating such cases?
– The tactics of investigating crimes against the sexual integrity of minors is one of the most complex and multi-level. The most difficult stage of the investigation is the interrogation of the victim.. It is information, voiced by a child, can be a major source of evidence.
- This is the most difficult procedure.!
- Yes. When interrogating juvenile victims, it is necessary to take into account the influence of such factors on them., like age, individual psychological characteristics of the child, conditions of his upbringing and other. To ensure the rights and interests of children, it is necessary to involve social educators in interrogation, psychologists and legal representatives. They are obliged to contribute not only to the positive result of the investigation, but also the subsequent rehabilitation of the child.
How should an investigator behave??
- He must cope with the most difficult task. During interrogation, build such a line of communication with the child, so that when the fact of violence is revealed and subsequently disclosed, the victim does not suffer moral harm. Thanks to various methodological materials, developed by the Investigative Committee, as well as improving professional skills in this area, from year to year there is an improvement in the quality of investigation of such cases.
- It happens, that the minors themselves cross the line. What work is being done in this direction?
- The problem of juvenile delinquency is always relevant and quite specific, as it concerns the fate of the younger generation. Much of the future depends on today's results of solving this problem.. In this regard, the Main Directorate, together with other state structures and institutions, public organizations carry out preventive measures on an ongoing basis. They are aimed at reducing the level of juvenile delinquency.. And it works. This year, compared to the previous, the total number of crimes committed by teenagers, under investigation by the Investigative Committee, became less.
- But, as I understand, still have work to do?
- Of course. We will continue to focus our efforts on identifying the causes and conditions, contributing to juvenile delinquency. Next year, our work will be continued and aimed at improving the criminal situation in the capital among minors.
Sports and literature help relieve stress
— Sergei Mikhailovich, you have an interesting, but at the same time difficult and responsible work. How do you relieve stress and stay fit??
- In this matter, I have no secrets from others.! Since childhood, I love to play sports.. I especially love the winter views.. When the time comes, skiing with family. I also like to read classical literature.. I think, that it helps to relieve work stress.
- would you like to, for your children to follow in your footsteps?
- This is a difficult question for me.. It happens, what I think about it and I myself do not find an answer to it. But I think, that everyone should choose a profession for himself. to deal with, what he likes. My wife and I try not to impose our opinion on our children.. We consider, that they will determine their own fate, without our intervention. If they decide to follow my example, I, of course, I will only be glad!
- IN 2021 year, the Russian Investigative Committee celebrates a round date - 10 years from the date of creation. Give some advice to novice investigators!
- Service in the Investigative Committee is a service to people, service to our country. Without understanding this, the work of the investigator will never be effective.. I listed above, what is necessary for professional growth in modern conditions. Upgrading skills and improving technical competencies are all, certainly, important. But the most important thing is the desire of the investigator to establish objective truth., a sincere desire to protect the rights of victims and find those responsible. There is no and cannot be indifference! We work with people, and the ability to listen, paying attention to it is an important component of our activity.
Author: Dmitry Pogorelov
