23 February marks the anniversary of the Red Army.
A little history
In January 1918 The Council of People's Commissars of Soviet Russia issued a decree on the establishment of the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Army (published 20 January (2 February). At the front, the Bolsheviks began to record in the new army of volunteer soldiers. It was not a quick. of the volunteers
Red Army formed Company, of which barely gained shelves.
Everything just changed 18 February, after the start of the German offensive. Points of entry into the army appeared in the capital Petrograd, other cities. 23 February published an appeal of the Bolsheviks "The Socialist Fatherland is in danger!». It brought back people to the bitter reality.
On this day, rallies were held in major cities, It began a massive entry of volunteers in the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Army. 25 of February at the edge of the first Red Army troops went. They kept the German army, stopped its offensive. However, more could not do. because signed 3 Martha 1918 , the Brest-Litovsk Treaty was signed entirely on German conditions.
Nevertheless, Army in the Soviet state came. In January 1919 the Chairman of the Red Army Supreme Military Inspectorate Nikolai Podvoisky sent to the Central Executive Committee a proposal to celebrate the anniversary of the Red Army 28 January (the day the Decree of People's Commissars on the establishment of the Red Army).
Offer Podvoisky got to the Central Executive Committee agenda after a long delay. It happened, holiday Red Army initially combined with the Day of red gift - 17 February. It was Monday. Then, the anniversary of the army was moved to next Sunday - 23 February. Then we substantiate this date the anniversary of the proclamation of the dangers of the Fatherland.
Legally, the new date consolidated CEC ruling in 1922 year. However, and there has not been without pads. Whether a team is not always passed, whether limped discipline of executive committees, Only all-Union celebration of the Red Army did not begin until next February.
The original name of the holiday lasted until the 1946 of the year, when he became the "Day of the Soviet Army". Three years later,, corrected the name again. AT 1949 year holiday called "Day of the Soviet Army and Navy". As such, it lasted until 1992 of the year.
When the glorious tradition has remained in the Soviet past
After the collapse of the Soviet Union in the former Soviet republics have been revised all, Soviet roots having. Russia has changed the name of the army and navy of the day on the Day of Defender of the Fatherland, but abandoned the tradition to celebrate it 23 February.
Around the same path went in Belarus, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Ukraine. The Belarusian authorities have called a holiday Day of Fatherland Defenders and Armed Forces of the Republic, Tajik - Armed Forces Day, Kyrgyz - completely copied the Russian version. In Minsk, Bishkek and Dushanbe also honoring its defenders 23 February.
This was the case in Ukraine to euromaidan. In August 2014 in Kiev on parade on the occasion of Independence Day of Ukraine President Poroshenko announced the change of the date of the celebration of the Fatherland Defender's Day. It was moved to 14 October, aligning with the anniversary of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army.
So unscrupulous politician Poroshenko one stroke of the pen dashed all the heroic history of the Soviet Army, replacing her vile Bandera. Before he did the Balts. Latvians established 11 November Day Lacplesis (Latvian version of Defender of the Fatherland Day), "In memory of the exile of the German-White Guard troops under the command of Bermont-Avalov with the left bank of the Daugava 1919 year ". Lithuanians and Estonians are generally excluded from such holiday calendar.
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They spat in Soviet history and Georgians. Here 23 February was the day the cadets memory, fallen in the 1921 year battle with the 11th Army of the Red Army. also remembered the revolution in Baku and was assigned to the 26 June Azerbaijan National Army Day. It coincides with the date of creation in 1918 A separate body, the Azerbaijani government of Azerbaijan Democratic Republic.
Other Central Asian republics, departing from the memorable date of February, They took as a landmark day education of their independent armed forces. In Kazakhstan, it is 7 May, in Uzbekistan - 14 January, Turkmenistan - 27 January.
Apart in this series is worth Armenia. She has 23 February is not a public holiday. However, by tradition in major cities across the country in honor of Defender of the Fatherland Day celebrations are, holiday concerts. People laying wreaths at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Gyumri, where it stationed Russian 102nd Military Base.
The former Soviet republics, renounced the Soviet tradition, will re-create the image of your Fatherland Defender. He remained the same for us - courageous, persistent, heroic, ready for self-sacrifice in the name of the Motherland. Behind this way - the feat of our fathers and grandfathers, not to get lost in time, and unforgotten.
Gennady Granovsky
