In-1 – trainer

Among the many types of light aircraft, It is built in the first years of Soviet power, Y-1 special place belongs to a training aircraft. After 1924 g. He became the main primary trainer aircraft for the next ten years. The aircraft was manufactured large series of Air Force for flight schools and flying clubs Osoaviahima.

On the plane I-1 received initial training thousands of our pilots, including such famous pilots, as a VP. Chkalov, A. Serov, MM. Gromov and others. Training began with taxi. To do this, use an old machine with a partially removed the wing skin. Fly such an aircraft could not - uchlet it run mastered, taxi straight, reversals. Then perform flights with an instructor at a training plane.

While Russia has not yet had its developed aviation industry. I had to copy the captured samples. U-1 aircraft was modeled on the British aircraft Avro-504K, who was captured in white near Petrozavodsk almost unscathed. From U-1 prototype differed in, that the type of wood were replaced by Siberian pine. Instead set domestic foreign engine - semitsilindrovy rotative power of M-2 120 l. from., ie the engine, in which the housing and the cylinder rotates together with the propeller, and the crankshaft is fixedly mounted on the fuselage.

Y-1 was a two-braced biplane solid wood construction with fabric covering. All aircraft components were made of pine bars and rods, braced wire. How many planes of those years, U-1 did not have the usual for us to keel, which functions to perform more rudder. A feature of the chassis with tail crutch was protivokapotazhnaya ski, located between the wheels and putting it far ahead by the propeller. The plane had two identical cabins with a paired control for the student and instructor, arranged one behind the other.

Due to the relatively powerful engine V-1 was good for that time flight performance, ensuring proper training of flight personnel. With the two pilots and the supply of fuel to 1,5 1 hour In-flight maximum speed 137 kmh, landing - 65 kmh. As a training aircraft U-1 is quite consistent with its purpose. He was strong enough and allows you to perform some aerobatics. AT 1927 g. at the plant were made calculations of strength and carried out static testing of the aircraft on the new standards of strength.

On the basis of the U-1 was made maritime training aircraft MU-1 with floats. Instead of mahogany planks, applied to the English version, conventional aircraft plywood has been used. Floats are simpler and much easier. Production was started at the factory № 5, but then, from 1923 city, at the factory "Red Pilot" in Petrograd. Total for 1923-1931 years at the plant. Was built 664 aircraft and U-1 73 His plane-1. Recent instances used in aero Osoaviahima as educational and sports up to 1935 g.

AT 1931 g. Plane U-1 was the basis for testing new equipment. It pilot SI. Moukhin conducted successful experiments with solid propellant accelerators takeoff. the run time was only 1,5 from. Then it first samples tested and rocket weapons. Under the lower wings hung smoothbore gun to fire rockets (PC) caliber 82 mm. The first shooting PC The same Mukhin. Later smoothbore guns were replaced by guide beams. The first PC was used in combat in the Khalkhin- in 1939 g.

The performance characteristics of the aircraft F-1

Photos of the aircraft U-1

U-1 aircraft and pilots in pre-revolutionary aviashlemah. The beginning of the 1920s.

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