Development of 152-mm gun 2S5 "hyacinth" began in SLE Perm machine-building plant in the winter 1968 g. after the decision of the Ministry of Defense on the need to create a powerful new 152-mm artillery system. On the instructions of the new self-propelled guns of long range, rate of fire and accuracy of hitting should exceed howitzer 2SZ "Acacia". From the outset, the development went in two directions: Designed and created towed and self-propelled guns options - "Hyacinth-B" and "C-Hyacinthe". Both guns have the same ballistics.
ACS 2S5 “Hyacinthe-C” – video
Ammunition for the guns were developed specifically, as interchangeable with "Hyacinth" shots in the Soviet Army was not yet. The first pilot batch of "hyacinth-S" cars was released in 1976 g. Almost immediately it began mass production of these self-propelled guns. Self-propelled gun is designed to combat the heavy self-propelled artillery and enemy tanks, to act against the enemy batteries, destroying pillboxes and field facilities, as well as to suppress the rear and side of the control points of the opposite.
ACS received a tracked chassis, similar chassis 2SZ "Acacia". The machine is a type of open systems, so the gun mounted on the stern of the chassis without tower. Additional "Hyacinth" stability gives hinged base plate, therefore, firing on the move practically impossible.
2C5 has a relatively small size, so it is easy to transport, including by air. The armored hull protects the crew from bullets and shrapnel. Self-propelled gun has a good cross, maneuverability, therefore it is easy to change the position occupied. Besides, via built bulldozer equipment it is able to quickly dig their own trenches. To go from traveling to combat car takes only about 4 min.
Self-propelled artillery piece "Hyacinth" is 152 mm cannon 2A37, the barrel comprises a monobloc tube, breech and muzzle brake, screwed onto the pipe and absorbing energy on impact 53%. The gun is semi-automatic shutter. Dosylka performed in two steps using a chain loading rod with electric: shell, then sleeve. Application loading mechanism allowed to increase rate of gun used to rounds per minute. Its angle of guidance in the horizontal plane is made 30′, and vertical - varies from -2,5 to 58″.
Ammunition gun comprises 30 shots separate-case charging, including high-explosive bombs of a new type with an improved aerodynamic shape, rocket-assisted projectile correctable and "Krasnopol" semi-active laser homing system. By Western printed sources, ammunition in the car also includes the shot with a nuclear warhead small capacity of 0.1-2 ct. Besides, in Russia are being developed entirely new 152-mm shells. Ammunition gun located within the housing. Projectiles and charges are supplied from the self-propelled manually, and terminates the charging cycle of electromechanical machine.
The gun is equipped with a sectoral lifting and turning mechanisms, and pneumatic push device equilibration. The gun is rotated by the machine, fortified on the pin chassis. It also has a light shield, gunner and cover up some of the mechanisms of bullets, small fragments and effects of the gas muzzle wave while shooting. Sighting instruments performed using sighting devices, such as mechanical sight BM-21 with panorama PG-1M and riflescope OP4M-90A.
2C5 "Hyacinth" has proven itself in service to parts and beautifully manifested itself during the fighting in Afghanistan. reliable, lightweight and agile, she once received good reviews in the international exhibitions of weapons. Despite the fact that the gun is already somewhat outdated, it nevertheless is the most long-range weapons of Russian production, yielding only 203 mm self-propelled gun 2S7 "Pion".
Performance characteristics 2S5 "hyacinth"
| Weight | 28,2 t |
| Length | 8,95 m |
| Height | 2,6 m |
| Width | 3,25 m |
| Clearance | 450 mm |
| Maximum road speed | 60 kmh |
| Power reserve | 500 km |
| Crew | 5 people. |
| weaponry | 152-mm gun 2A37 |
| gun type | nareznaya poluavtomaticheskaya |
| gun ammunition | 30 |
| firing range | 8... 33 km |
| Engine | B-59 |
| Engine power | 520 |
Photo 2S5 "hyacinth-S"
2C5 "Hyacinth-S" at the Museum of artillery in St. Petersburg
2C5 "Hyacinth-S" with the final stage of the competition all-army artillery units of mechanized infantry brigades
Fifth Army held on Sergeevskoe range of the Eastern Military District in March 2013 of the year
