I still do not subside disputes. What weapon, What better ammunition? Even among professionals there is no consensus on this matter. Without going into the theoretical explanations, We will try to formulate the final answer.
so, our response - "selection of weapons depends on the problem", ie. the required or predicted extent of damage of a particular object, the minimum amount of ammunition needed to guarantee the destruction of the object, conditions of the use of weapons (the target range, the method of delivery of weapons to the position, arrow opportunities for its delivery to the position, weight and dimensional characteristics of the weapons, necessary secrecy of its use, etc.), degree of security goals, the risk of shooting or rebounding with a stranger or penetrated the target, and some other reasons.
Picking up weapons and ammunition, to accomplish the (prospective) combat mission we propose to compare samples available, least, on the following parameters:
– Effective range;
– Guaranteed precision shooting;
– The effectiveness of the target munition (stopping and breakdown action bullets);
– Weight and dimensional characteristics of the weapons and ammunition.
Let us explain some of the concepts:
- stopping power - is the ability of the bullets strike, staying (mind-blowing) an object. It is equal to the bullets of energy multiplied by its area.
- the breakdown of the bullet - this bullet will pierce the object. It is equal to the bullets of energy divided by its area.
but, in order to avoid a distorted picture of the effectiveness of munitions, we should make a reservation, that all of the following calculations are for not expansive, ie. not deforming, not tumbling, etc do not exploding. ammunition.
for example: American M855 ammunition 5,56h45 (SS109 NATO), despite the small size, The features of a high lethality.
By design features M855 bullet cartridge are:
- Open the bottom part of the bullet;
composite core, and, steel core is located in the bullet head. It is exactly opposite longitudinal ends of the annular groove (bore). Lead core is disposed in the bottom of the bullet.
- Longitudinal annular groove;
Once in the body, Bullet produces combined lesion. As seen in the wound profile, bullet passes into the tissue a distance of about 12cm warhead forward. Then, it is turning by 90º, collapses and breaks in the region of the annular groove. nosecone (60% bullet weight), having steel core, It penetrates deep into fabrics, defeating, incl. hurtful and secondary projectiles (bone fragments).
Tear off part of the bullet has a core made of soft lead, so it is strongly deformed, breaks into many pieces, that, expansion into hand, penetrate the tissue to a depth of 7 cm.
lead core, emerging from the bottom of the gap, and places a bullet, droplet sprays and penetrates the soft tissue. punched fabric, eg, bowel, being exposed to the temporary cavity (vibration from the impact of the bullet), torn. The holes in them can reach 7 cm. Therefore, slug entering the abdominal cavity often causes death.
We analyzed about 300 types of ammunition for their effectiveness (this work has been estimated diploma Mikhailovsky Artillery Academy of St. Petersburg), but will focus on the most famous.
Analyzing foreign publications and reports NRA (National Rifle Association of America), we managed to establish the level of energy of the bullet on impact, necessary to destroy an animal weighing up 100 kg (deer, boar, wolf):
Minimum - 815dzh;
Enough - 1630dzh;
Desirable - 2030dzh.
Lacking on the impact of the bullets on the human data, we dare to use these numbers.
summary conclusions
Bullet cartridge 5.45x39 of flat trajectory (accuracy) not inferior to the pool 7,62x54R cartridge (up to 500 m is not significantly greater than its) and exceeds the bullet cartridge 7,62h39. ie. setting on the AKS-74 (better gun RPKS-74) optical sight, we will get, actually, mobile sniper rifle.
Bullet cartridge 5.45x39 of stopping power yields bullet cartridge 7,62h39.
In short (to 30 m) distances from the case-shot shotgun is much more efficient automatic gunfire, both stops the action of grapeshot (approximately at 50 times the bullet cartridge 5.45x39; at 20 times the bullet cartridge 7,62h39; at 10 times the bullet cartridge 7,62x54R. All this is subject to hitting the target total charge), and accuracy (grapeshot sheaf has a greater chance of hitting the target).
Special ammunition do not possess sufficient stored energy, particularly 7.62mm ammunition bullets PZAM "Snake"; 7,62mm CP-3; (at 10 times less than the minimum required level), therefore, require the use of strictly "place" and not once.
Special new generation of ammunition 9mm SP-5 and 9mm SP-6 are comparable in efficiency (in the range of up to 100m) 5.45x39 ammunition and 7,62h39. They are far superior to the most powerful modification of subsonic cartridge 9mm Luger (at 1,7 times freezes the action and 2,7 times in the breakdown of the), used in the most common weapons special forces MP-5SD. And they have a huge advantage - quietness.
Legends of the Afghan war on the fantastic long-range "Afghan drills" - unfounded. No, assume the presence in Afghanistan of a number of long-range sniper rifles under a powerful cartridge type 300 Wea.Mag.; 338 A-Square; 7mm Rem.Mag. can, but arming them simple Mujahideen - unlikely. In our opinion, the whole thing in sniper tactics.
Namely. Well camouflaged sniper is at position 200-300 of the road. Distracting the shooter from a well-protected position, eg, out of the cave at a distance of 1000-1300m pointedly shelling machines column, Saving that begins to actively firing. A "under cover" sniper close range shoots officers, spreading panic among the enemy. It created the myth about "sverhdalnoboynyh-precision rifles and arrows".
Grenade launcher RPG-type 7d; flamethrower RPO-A type - a powerful means of "immediate artillery support". Disposable grenade type RPG-18; RPG-22; RPG-26; etc. easier, more convenient and allow you to create a high density of fire.
It is useful to be armed with special forces units:
– Lightweight, a more compact version of the flamethrower RPO-A with a range - up to 300m;
– Diverse range shots to the grenade launcher GP-25 (GP-30), eg, kartechnыy, termitnый, smoke, lighting, etc.. shots;
– Advanced Park sniper rifles:
– For shooting at 200-300m - 9mm rifle BCC;
– Short maneuverable ATW type rifle with precision shooting 1/3 MOA (MOA), that is na100m - 9,7mm;
– For shooting at 300-600m - 7.62 mm rifle class SVD, but improved accuracy, not worse 1/2 – 1/3 MOA.
– For shooting at 600-1000m - 7,62-8,0mm rifle under the powerful cartridge-type Wea.Mag, Win.Mag, Lapua Mag. with an accuracy of better than shooting 1/2 MOA;
– For shooting over 1000m - 12.7mm rifle shooting with accuracy not worse 1/2 MOA.
Complete 9mm BCC, 9AU mm - more compact, compared to the "1PN73" laser sighting, compact rifle lantern with a halogen lamp and a set of its mount under the gun barrel.
Create PSS 9mm pistol with more capacious (eg, DIL) shop.
