After completion of the Civil War, the Red Army had only a small number of large guns and a special power in a foreign main proceeding. Implements these technically and morally outdated, the possibility of maintaining their combat readiness were very limited. Therefore, 1926 , the Revolutionary Military Council of the Soviet Union recognized the need to replace foreign-made guns domestic material part and identified a large caliber guns and a special power. Artillery SAU Committee (software development projects has been planned, drawings and orders prototypes guns.
BR-2 – 152 mm sample cannon 1935 years developed design bureau "Barricades" plant in accordance with this program,, it was intended to combat the enemy artillery and the destruction of its rear defense areas. The construction of this gun largely standardized construction with 203mm howitzer sample 1931 of the year. By howitzer borrowed with minor changes to the track carriage stroke, which allowed shooting directly to the ground without the use of special machines.
The new element of the system was 152 mm barrel and a plug shutter plastic obturator. The trunk was bonded, its length was 47,1 caliber, the length of the threaded part of the stem - 36,9 caliber. Mass barrel with the shutter reaches 5200- 5300 kg. Conducted from December 1935 g. January 1936 g. field testing revealed numerous shortcomings of the new instruments. Nevertheless, in March 1936 g. GAU has issued the plant "Barricades", "job start production tools, replacing, true, bonded trunk trunk with a free tube.
AT 1937 g. plant "Barricades" produced a small series of 7 guns BR-2. Tests have shown them, that the total charge during firing a muzzle velocity 880 m / s approximately barrel survivability 100 shots. Since the gun with such persistence could not produce, immediately conducted a series of experiments with the barrel of increased length and with varying depth of cut. The results of these tests in December 1938 g. We decided to adopt for mass production version of the gun with the cutting depth. The gun fired high-explosive projectile OF-551 weight 48,9 kg. The shell contained 6,53 kg explosives, when firing a total charge its initial speed was 880 m / s. he could hit targets at a distance of 25 750 m. Trained calculation could lead the firing of the cannon with the tempo 1 shot at 4 minutes.
Weight of sample 152 mm cannon 1935 at the firing position was 18 200 kg. For instruments of its class it was very mobile, as in the stowed position it is broken down into two carts, which can be transported by caterpillar tractors with speeds of up to 15 kmh. Due to the track-mounted mast system patency it was quite high.
By the beginning of the Great Patriotic War were fired in total 37 152-mm sample cannons 1935 of the year. Of them 9 guns were in the repair and test ranges, and the remaining numbers in a separate heavy cannon regiment RVGK in two separate heavy gun batteries (It was in each battery 2 guns). The structure consisted of ass 4 Division trehbatareynogo composition. It had in each battery 2 guns. In this way. more than shtatu 19.02.1941 g. the regiment was 24 guns. Besides, it had a 104 tractor and 287 cars. The number of personnel of the regiment was 2598 human.
Due to the unfavorable course of the Red Army fighting at the initial stage of the war of 152-mm guns of the sample 1935 of the year, like almost all the artillery of large and extra power, They were assigned to the rear and take effect only at the end 1942 g. Judging from the available information, in the battles of the Second World War was not lost not a single gun of this system.
The performance characteristics of gun BR-2
Caliber, mm…………………………………………………. 152
barrel length, calibres ……………………………………….47,1
The highest elevation angle, city……………………………….+60
angle of declination, city………………………………………… 0
Horizontal angle of fire, city…………………………… 8
Weight in firing position, kg…………………………………. 18 200
The mass in the stowed position, kg……………………………….. 19 500
explosive projectile Weight, kg………………………………….. 48,9
The initial velocity of the projectile, m / s………………………………. 880
Most firing range, m……………………………… 25 750
Photo 2 BR-gun in Novorossiysk
