Hiking in nature, to rest, away from human habitation, where there are no guidelines, difficult to accurately determine the distance to any object, locality. Knowledge will help to correctly calculate forces and provisions, navigate the area.
To determine the distance to a selected point, you can use:
Angular measurement. You will need theoretical knowledge in the field of geometry and the ability to calculate the distance = height of objects using the formula (pillar, tree and t. d.) x 1000 / angular magnitude (1 mm at a distance 50 cm is equal to the angle in 0-02). It is convenient to use a ruler with millimeter notches, caliper;
· By ear. A person is able to navigate well in space by sound waves in the horizontal and vertical directions.. The shot of a gun is clearly audible in the distance. 3,5 km, train whistle 6-10 km, mud 2-3 km, the noise of the running engine of the machine - 1 km. Hearing quality can be trained and improved. Sugar under the tongue sharpens night vision, the surface of water bodies carries sounds further, hearing deteriorates in hot weather;
· With the help of ambulances, box of matches and other items. You can remember some constants (concrete pillar - 8 m, telegraph - 6 m, distance between supports of high-voltage lines - 100 m and others, matches - 4,5 cm) and use to determine the angular dimensions, which can then be converted into linear;
Visually, approximately. Relate to the simplest and most affordable methods. For best use, it is useful to remember the standard values in 5, 10, 100 meters and, setting aside equal intervals in the terrain, determine the distance of an object. It must be remembered: bright and large objects appear closer, cloudy weather and rain increase the size, measurement from bottom to top seems smaller and vice versa, illuminated objects in the night seem closer.
