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Three peacekeeping mission in Somalia

Three peacekeeping mission in Somalia

There are currently three UN missions in Somalia. Photo from the page of the UN mission in Somalia on Flickr

The Security Council and the UN Secretariat in 2019 year 12 once considered the issue of Somalia, using a wide range of tools: meetings, reports, briefings, consultations, field visits, chairman's statements, resolution.

AT 2020 the evolution of peacekeeping in Somalia continues. The Security Council currently includes three countries from Africa: Niger, Tunisia and South Africa.

AT 2020 the following events are planned.

In February, the Security Council holds a briefing and consultations on the latest report of the SG on the UN Relief Mission in Somalia (MOONSOM) and the situation in Somalia. Consultations were held with the chairman of the sanctions committee. UNSOM mandate expires 31 Martha, and the authorization for the AU Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) ends 31 May. Security Council sanctions regime expires 15 November 2020 of the year.

AFRICAN HORN

Few people know, that there are currently three missions in Somalia under the auspices of the UN (we give English abbreviations, the number of female staff is given in brackets):

UNSOM - 648 (93): military personnel - 625 (86), military experts - 8 (2), policemen - 15 (5). Participates in the mission 14 nations: Uganda did 625 human, listed 8 experts and 15 police officers. Military personnel guard the mission.

UNSOS – 16 (3): contingent from Great Britain - 10, military experts - 6 (2) from Mauritania, Sierra Leone, Kenya, Ghana, Uganda, Pakistan.

The mission implements the MTO of all peacekeepers and military personnel of the national army (those, who is responsible for the logistics).

AMISOM - supply contingents: Uganda - 6223, Burundi - 5432, Ethiopia - 4395, Kenya - 3664, Djibouti - 960.

The total number of military personnel is about 20 thousand. The UN Security Council decided to reduce the number of military personnel by 1 thousand.

Three missions are 603 international and 1367 national staff.

The websites of the three missions are in English and Somali.

Pay attention to the record of the population counter of Somalia: 1.008 059. Displaced persons count 2,6 million people.

The first two missions relate to the Department of Political and Peacebuilding Affairs (DPVM), however, the military component is allocated by the Department of Peacekeeping Operations (DOPM). The military component for AMISOM is provided by the countries of the African Union. Invaluable assistance is provided by the Operations Service, mine action (UNMAS), are used 42 explosive detection dogs.

It is necessary to mention the previous UN missions in Somalia, which failed: UN operation in Somalia (UNOSOM I) – (April 1992 - March 1993) and UN Operation in Somalia (UNOSOM II) – (March 1993 - March 1995).

The President of the country is Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed.

COMMANDERS AND CHIEFS

Just like in the army, peacekeeping activities in the UN have a single centralized structure, which includes the Security Council and the UN SG. Regional peacekeeping missions are also approved by the Security Council (legitimization - recognition).

James Swan leads the UNSOM mission (USA).

In May 2019 he was appointed Special Representative and Head of the United Nations Assistance Mission for Somalia. Swan is an accomplished diplomat with a long international career in the US government.. He spent most of his professional activities in African countries, facing difficult political transformations. Was ambassador to DRC and Djibouti, US Special Representative for Somalia. Holds a master's degree in security.

Three peacekeeping mission in Somalia

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Mission deployed offices in six cities in Somalia, deals with a wide range of powers - from the Constitution to elections.

ANISOM mission is led by Francisco Madeira, and the military component is commanded by the general: at the beginning of February 2019 Lieutenant General Tigabu Yilma Wondimhunegn of Ethiopia took over as Commander of AMISOM

General Tigabu has 34 years of military experience and has served in the Ethiopian National Defense Forces in multiple capacities, including was a division commander, Brigade, battalion and company.

Prior to his new appointment, he worked as a member of the Defense Council and head of the Main Directorate of MTO. Holds an MBA, Degree in Leadership and Military Science and Degree in Law.

Notably, that the members of this mission do not wear UN blue berets, and they use green hats, AC armbands and scarves.

Currently, the military component of the mission consists of troops, drawn from Uganda, Burundi, Djibouti, Kenya and Ethiopia, which are deployed in six sectors, covering south and center of Somalia. First deployed in March 2007 of the year, the military component of AMISOM was instrumental in assisting the Somali national security forces. The mission can be called a frontline: fights with the group "Al-Shabab" - "Movement of Young Mujahideen" (from 4 to 7 thousand. combatants). Learning from the combat experience of a mission is essential. On business, the mission is approaching a full-fledged UN peacekeeping mission. The number of helicopters is planned to be increased to seven.

The next UNSOS mission is led by a civilian.

AT 2015 year the UN Security Council established support offices in Somalia (UNSOS) to provide assistance to the troops stationed there - members of the African Union and the UN peacekeeping forces, as well as the national army of Somalia.

Ms Lisa Filippetto (Australia) in February 2018 appointed as the head of the mission.

Has extensive experience working abroad: was Ambassador to Ethiopia, Djibouti, Burundi, Cambodia. Consul General in Vietnam, Ireland and Brunei.

Ms Filipetto holds a Master's Degree in International Relations, and a BA in Economics and Asian Studies. She is also a graduate of the Australian Institute of Company Directors..

Here is an excerpt from the letter of the UN General Assembly from 5 February 2018 years as an example of epistolary style: “I have the honor to raise the issue of the UN Support Office in Somalia (UNSOS), which was established by the Security Council in its resolution 2245 (2015).

Following the usual consultations, I would like to inform you of my intention to appoint Lisa Filippetto as head of UNSOS. (Australia)».

To the list of peacekeeping diplomats can be added the special envoy of the Secretary General for the Horn of Africa Parfait Onanga-Anyanga (South Africa).

The Horn of Africa countries include Somalia, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia (population about 115 million people).

PEACEKEEPING DYNAMICS

In the last resolution, the Security Council made a conclusion: “The situation in Somalia continues to pose a threat to international peace and security, it is necessary to act on the basis of Chapter VII of the UN Charter and in coordination with AMISOM, UNSOS and UNSOM, including to ensure that inclusive, peaceful, free and fair elections on the principle of "one person - one vote".

Further intentions: keep an eye on the configuration of AMISOM, to 31 January 2021 years to independently evaluate, in order to present proposals for options for an international presence in Somalia after 2021 of the year, including the role of the UN, AU and international partners.

13 February, the HS report was published at 22 country pages. Recommendation: “To extend the mandate of AMISOM for another 12 months ". The slogan - "All to the polls" is relevant.

24 February 2020 the Security Council held a briefing and consultations on Somalia. The briefing could be listened to in real time. Half an hour later, the speech of the representative of the Russian Federation was posted on the Internet.. he noted, that "AMISOM remains an extremely important component of countering Al-Shabab". The international community should continue to take measures to improve the combat readiness of the African peacekeepers and the Somali national army ". The proposal of the Russian Federation to include improvised explosive devices in the agenda was not taken into account (SVU): “We believe, that IED issues deserve no less attention, than other aspects of the development of the situation in Somalia being considered today ".

Three peacekeeping mission in Somalia

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The presentation by SIPRI Director Dan Smith aroused great interest (Sweden) on the impact of climate on the situation in Somalia. All speakers mentioned: group "Al-Shabab", elections, flood, drought, locusts, dialogue. It is believed, what 2020 and 2021 years should be turning point.

surprisingly, but at the Security Council meeting no one mentioned the message, emerging 19 February 2020 of the year: "The US African Command in Africa launched a targeted airstrike against Al-Shabab militants in the Wadajir region of Somalia.". highlights, that it was done with the consent of the government of Somalia.

MEMORIES OF SOMALIANS

After a three-year stay in Egypt with 1968 by 1971 year the author of these lines served in the department of translators of the All-Russian Institute of Foreign Languages. We performed tasks that suddenly appeared. One summer 1972 of the year I was summoned to the General Staff and instructed to meet the sick Somali captain at the Chkalovsky military airfield.

According to the Somali pilot-captain, robbers attacked his house, one of the blows hit above the hip, and my leg was paralyzed. He walked with crutches.

Meanwhile, unfavorable events were taking place in another sector of the theater.. Namely, Egyptian President Anwar Sadat unexpectedly expelled our military advisers from the country.. The urgent evacuation of advisers and their families from Egypt began.

In the USSR, in the summer, classes in military academies ended. Our plane flew to Somalia and brought there a group of students of military academies, but on the way back, grabbing the sick captain, landed in cairo, took advisers and their families and headed to Moscow.

A dozen generals of all military branches and even two admirals gathered at the Chkalovsky airfield.. Meeting and receiving advisers was unusual, even solemn. After exiting the plane, the advisers lined up. The senior advisor gave a report to the Moscow chief and reported on the completion of the assignment. Speeches were made about fulfilling an international duty. The women also lined up. Toy soldiers handed carnations to women. It looked very impressive..

A meeting, as the saying goes, was organized at the state level. A telephone connection was established in the hangar, the post office and telegraph were working, a first-aid post was deployed, placed bunks and sofas for relaxation. Everything resembled a hall for deputies and VIP.

I humbly met a Somali captain, issued passport and customs control. Then he took him to the hotel of the Ministry of Defense on Mosfilmovskaya Street. The next day I put the captain on a train, leaving the Kursk railway station for the Crimea. He went to the city of Saki for treatment. I handed him a map of Crimea and a "Russian-Italian phrasebook". Unexpectedly in the summer 1973 year I went to a sanatorium in the city of Saki. At the sanatorium, I asked the medical staff about the Somali captain. I was told, that he recovered, first moved with a stick, and then walked on my own.

And at this time in the club of the sanatorium on television for a whole week there was a film about Stirlitz - "Seventeen Moments of Spring".

In the autumn 1973 I spent only one Italian language lesson with counselors at VIIYa for a year, who were preparing for a business trip to Somalia, since three days later he was sent to the UN peacekeeping mission in Egypt.

I remember, that there was a Sports Committee of Friendly Armies - an international sports union, the participants of which were the organizations of physical culture and sports of the armed forces of the socialist countries and several friendly countries (SKDA).

Runners from Somalia also came to the competition in the USSR.

In CSKA the group was accompanied by sprinter Boris Sergeevich Tokarev (1927–2002), he performed at the first Olympics, in which the team of the Soviet Union took part (1952). Personal best on 100 m - 10,3 sec. (1956).

He spoke very warmly about the famous stayer Vladimir Kuts (1927–1975).

Somalis showed hockey players' training, conducted by Vsevolod Bobrov. Cheerful Valery Kharlamov also arrived for training.

Somalis were sent to competitions in Odessa, they performed there modestly.

In Moscow, guests visited the sports committee of the Moscow region, Central Committee of the Komsomol and the Moscow Higher Combined Arms Command School, where in the gym the best athletes were awarded Somali badges.

A few years later, a group of artists from the studio named after. M.D. Grekova visited Somalia, brought more 30 paintings and organized an exhibition in CDSA.

The exhibition also featured a portrait of the head of a sports group from Somalia., who graduated even earlier in Leningrad ... the Academy of Logistics and Transport!

they say, that "fate plays a big role in life and you won't get far from fate". Personnel officers prepared papers for me for a business trip to Somalia three times, but a mysterious voice prompted “In Egypt, be! ».

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