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official unconsciousness. Why Bulgaria betrays Russia

Bulgaria betrays its own history. Official Sofia does not want to remember about the liberation of the country from the occupation of Turkey and the Third Reich. The other day, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bulgaria announced, that Russia should not support the "dubious historical thesis" that, that the struggle of the USSR with Nazi Germany was the liberation of Europe. The Bulgarian department also noted, that the Red Army "brought the peoples of Central and Eastern Europe half a century of repression".

official unconsciousness. Why Bulgaria betrays Russia

Residents of Sofia greet soldiers of the Red Army. September 1944 g.

How Russia liberated Bulgaria from the Turkish yoke

Russians and Bulgarians have long-standing national, cultural, linguistic and spiritual ties. Few now remember, that during the time of the Russian prince Svyatoslav Igorevich (Grand Duke of Kiev 945-972 gg.) Rus-Russians and Bulgarians-Slavs were practically one people. When Svyatoslav's soldiers fought in Bulgaria, they were almost indistinguishable from the local population. Bulgarians have recently converted to Christianity, and in the countryside, pagan cults were still fresh (including the cult of Perun), tongue, spiritual and material traditions were one. Rus and Bulgarians belonged to the same ethnocultural and linguistic community. Not surprising, that Svyatoslav himself planned to move the capital of Russia to the Danube, to Bulgaria.

This deep sense of belonging to a single people was traced later.. Ordinary Bulgarians have always felt like brothers of Russians. A long period of Ottoman occupation began in the 1380s and 1390s.. Ottoman Turks occupied most of the Balkan Peninsula, including weakened by previous wars and fragmented Bulgaria. A difficult time has come for the Slavs and Christians of the Balkans - the Turkish yoke. Christians were severely curtailed in rights and freedoms, heavily taxed. Including "blood tax", when the Turks took the boys to serve in the Janissary corps. The youths were raised as Muslims, forgot their national and religious roots, became cruel enemies of their fellow countrymen. At the same time, the Slavs were forbidden to live in certain lands., pursued a policy of Islamization and Turkishization.

Not surprising, that the Slavs, including Bulgarians, revolted more than once, tried to resist. Local partisans fought against the Turks - Haiduks, Chetniks. However, all the uprisings were drowned in blood. Without external support, the local national liberation movement had no chance. The real hope for liberation among the Balkan Slavs and Christians appeared only with the growth of the power of Russia.. The Russian Empire waged a hard struggle with Turkey for domination in the Black Sea region, in the Caucasus and the Balkans. Step by step the Russians pushed the strong enemy, carried liberation to the Balkan peoples. Tens of thousands of Russian soldiers laid down their heads, to free the Balkans from Turkish rule.

Freedom of most of Bulgaria was brought by the Russian-Turkish war of 1877-1878. AT 1875 g. Bosnia's Serbs revolted. In 1875-1876. anti-Turkish uprising began in Bulgaria. It was most brutally suppressed by the Ottomans. Tens of thousands of Bulgarians were killed, robbed and raped by the Turks and their irregulars (Albanians, Kurds, etc.). Russian society, who always painfully perceived the oppression of the Balkan Slavs and Christians, was deeply outraged. Russian volunteers went to the Balkans, to fight the Turks, public organizations, church and newspaper offices raised funds to help refugees. Serbia and Montenegro in 1876 opposed Turkey. Serbia suffered a heavy defeat and was saved only by Russia's tough stance.

Official Petersburg, who has traditionally been careful, fearing a shout from the West (Besides, military reform has not yet been completed, the economy was not in the best position), for some time tried to exert diplomatic pressure on Constantinople. Under pressure from the European public, terrified massacre in Bulgaria, England and France also demanded reforms from Turkey. December 1876 g. Russia demanded that Turkey recognize the autonomy of Bulgaria and Bosnia under the control of world powers. Turks ignored this demand.

official unconsciousness. Why Bulgaria betrays Russia

Shoigu the Kazan Suvorov congratulated the 75th anniversary of the school

AT 1877 Russia opposed Turkey. The war was hard. The Russian army was unable to cross the Balkan mountains on the move, stuck in the siege of Plevna. Nevertheless, Russian army with the support of volunteers from Bulgarians, Romanians and Serbs managed to free Romania and Bulgaria from the Turks. The advanced Russian forces under the command of Skobelev reached Adrianople and were on the outskirts of Istanbul. In fact, the Russian army could occupy Constantinople and completely resolve the issue of the liberation of the Balkans from Turkish rule. However Petersburg again (As in 1829 year: "Adrianople is our! Why did the Russian army not take Constantinople ") did not dare to take Constantinople and put an end to the centuries-old historical confrontation with Turkey. Fear of the West played a key role. Petersburg was afraid, that Austria will oppose Russia, France and England, like during the Crimean War. Although the German Empire, where Bismarck ruled, hinted at this time, which will support Russia in exchange for the possibility of solving the French issue. It was a sensible exchange.

3 Martha 1878 g. (19 February old style) the San Stefano Peace Treaty was concluded. Turks recognized the independence of Serbia, Romania and Montenegro. Serbia and Romania have been significantly expanded. Bosnia and Herzegovina became autonomous. Bulgaria became an autonomous principality, first time under Russian rule and only formally dependent on Turkey. Bulgaria included ethnic Bulgarian territories in Moesia, Thrace and Macedonia. As a result, Bulgaria stretched from the Danube to the Aegean Sea, from the Black Sea to Lake Ohrid. Turkey paid an indemnity to Russia and ceded a number of territories in the Caucasus and Europe. 3 March became a national holiday in Bulgaria - Day of the Liberation of Bulgaria from the Ottoman yoke. Later, hundreds of monuments were erected in honor of the Russian liberators in Bulgaria.. Including the Freedom Monument on the Shipka Pass, in memory of the Russian soldiers who died for the liberation of the brotherly Bulgarian people.

official unconsciousness. Why Bulgaria betrays Russia

Signing of the Treaty of San Stefano

Stolen victory

However, this agreement was opposed by the "enlightened West", especially England, which moved the fleet to the Dardanelles, and Austria-Hungary. London and Vienna did not want to strengthen Russia's position in the Balkans, where Russia could get a powerful strategic foothold and access to the Mediterranean Sea through its ally Bulgaria. Under pressure from the West, Petersburg yielded, the fruits of the Russian victory were partially stolen. 1 (14) July the Berlin Treaty was signed, which was the result of the work of the Berlin Congress, convened at the initiative of the Western powers to revise the terms of the Treaty of San Stefano to the detriment of Russia and the Slavic peoples of the Balkan Peninsula.

Bulgaria was divided into three parts: autonomous principality from the Danube to the Balkans centered in Sofia (formally a vassal of Turkey); Bulgarian lands south of the Balkans formed an autonomous province of the Turkish Empire - Eastern Rumelia, centered in Philippopolis; Macedonia - lands up to the Adriatic and the Aegean Sea were returned to the Turks without any changes in status. Independence of Serbia, Montenegro and Romania were recognized, however, the territorial acquisitions of Serbs and Montenegrins have cut. Austria-Hungary received the right to occupy Bosnia and Herzegovina. Russia had to give up part of the acquisitions in the Caucasus. A number of contradictions, laid down in Berlin, became the prerequisites for the future Balkan Wars and the First World War.

official unconsciousness. Why Bulgaria betrays Russia

Monument to the Russian Tsar-Liberator Alexander II in front of the building of the National Assembly of Bulgaria. The work of the sculptor Arnoldo Zokki. 1903 g.

Bulgaria on the side of the Germans

In the future, Bulgaria, at the suggestion of the Russian Emperor Alexander II, was headed by the nephew of the wife of the Russian Tsar Maria Alexandrovna Alexander Battenberg (1879—1886) from the Germanic dynasty of Battenberg, then Ferdinand I (1887—1918) from the Saxe-Coburg-Gotha dynasty. Bulgaria with the consent of Russia, Germany and Austria-Hungary in 1885 g. merged with its western part (Eastern Rumelia), at 1908 g. declared itself completely independent and became a kingdom.

Russia liberated Bulgaria, but could not attach her to herself politically, economically and even culturally. Sofia is gradually leaning towards Vienna, Berlin and Paris. Germans and French finance the country's economic development, in particular, railway construction. Relations with St. Petersburg are deteriorating, up to the rupture of diplomatic relations, which were restored only in 1896 g.

official unconsciousness. Why Bulgaria betrays Russia

your pension. Can not be obtained to accumulate

Bulgaria with the support of Austria-Hungary, Germany and France prepare for war with Turkey over Macedonia. Also Macedonia became a disputed territory for Bulgaria., Serbia and Greece. During the First Balkan War 1912-1913. the Balkan states defeated Turkey and took away from her European possessions, but then fought over the booty. Serbia and Greece made an alliance against Bulgaria. Germany and Austria-Hungary incited Bulgaria to the Serbs. In summer 1913 g. Bulgaria started a war against Serbia. Montenegro and Greece opposed Bulgaria, followed by Romania and Turkey, to profit from the Bulgarians. Sofia lost the war, was territorially circumcised and humiliated. This shame and thirst for revenge finally pushed Bulgaria into the arms of the German bloc.. Serbia has become enemy number one for Sofia. In World War I, Bulgaria sided with the German bloc. Her performance in 1915 g. led to the defeat and occupation of Serbia.

Bulgaria was defeated along with Germany. The Treaty of Neuilly 27 November 1919 g. became a heavy burden for the country. Bulgaria cut in favor of Serbia, Greece and Romania, denied access to the Aegean Sea. Should have paid the tribute. Bulgarian armament forces reduced to a minimum, canceled conscription, banned from having aviation and heavy weapons. Not surprising, that in the 1920s an extreme right-wing regime was established in Bulgaria (fascist) Цанкова, who carried out repression against communists and socialists. At this time, Sofia was able to build good relations only with fascist Italy.. In the second half of the 1930s, Sofia began to lean towards an alliance with the Third Reich.. Economic and military cooperation with Germany developed. With the outbreak of World War II, Sofia became an ally of the Reich. Under pressure from Berlin, Romania returned South Dobrudja to Bulgarians.

AT 1941 g. Bulgaria signed the Tripartite Pact (union of Germany, Italy and Japan), but did not participate in hostilities. Bulgarian territory was used by the Nazis for the invasion of Yugoslavia. Bulgarian troops occupied Western Thrace, Macedonia and Western Territories. December 1941 g. Sofia declared war on the United States and England, but until the end of the war she tried to keep peace with the USSR. At the same time, the Germans used the transport infrastructure of Bulgaria (airports, seaports, railways and highways) for military purposes, and Bulgarian troops were used to occupy the territories of Yugoslavia and Greece.

official unconsciousness. Why Bulgaria betrays Russia

Fighter Messerschmit Bf 110E-3 of the 7th squadron of the 2nd training squadron of the Luftwaffe at the Sofia-Vrazhdebna airfield, before the German invasion of Greece and Yugoslavia

Bulgarian operation

In spring and summer 1944 g. Moscow repeatedly demanded that Sofia break the alliance with Germany. After the crushing victories of the Red Army in 1944 g. - the defeat of the Germans in Moldova, the liberation of Romania and the exit of the 3rd Ukrainian Front in the Romanian-Bulgarian border, Bulgaria had to make a choice. 26 August 1944 g. Sofia declared neutrality in the war between Germany and the USSR, and demanded to withdraw the German army from the Bulgarian territory. However, the Germans continued to use the territory of Bulgaria to move their troops., German ships arrived at Bulgarian ports and German forces were stationed on Bulgarian soil. therefore 5 September the USSR declared war on Bulgaria, after which the Bulgarian authorities broke off relations with Hitler. 8 September troops of the 3rd Ukrainian Front began the Bulgarian operation. They did not meet resistance from the Bulgarian army. On the night 8 on 9 September uprising began in Sofia. 9 September, the power of the Fatherland Front was established in the country, headed by K. Georgiev. Communists and their supporters occupied the leading positions in the Fatherland Front.

The Fatherland Front government has declared war on Germany and Hungary, dissolved parliament, the police (created a people's militia), undertook a purge of the state apparatus and restructuring of the army, banned Nazi organizations. War criminals were put on trial. Monarchy was abolished in Bulgaria as a result of referendum. Going over to the side of the anti-fascist coalition allowed Bulgaria to preserve South Dobrudja. AT 1946 g. Bulgaria is headed by "Bulgarian Lenin" - Georgy Dimitrov, the country became part of the socialist camp.

official unconsciousness. Why Bulgaria betrays Russia

Residents of Sofia meet Soviet liberation soldiers. September 1944 g.

official unconsciousness. Why Bulgaria betrays Russia

official unconsciousness. Why Bulgaria betrays Russia

Gaza fired a rocket at Israel

Soviet soldiers among the inhabitants of the liberated Sofia

16-I am a union republic and a Bulgarian economic miracle at the expense of the Russians

After World War II, Bulgaria experienced a deep economic crisis. The country was drained, a significant part of the population lived from hand to mouth. However, with the help of the Soviet Union, Bulgaria from a poor agrarian country became a highly developed economy., socially prosperous society. It was a real "Bulgarian miracle".

Aggregate Bulgarian Gross National Product (GNP) for 40 post-war years grew by more than 14 time, per capita - almost 30 times. Since 1946 by 1986 g. in Bulgaria was created about 80% industrial capacity, more than a third of agricultural, to 90% energy, 70% transport network, 80% port infrastructure, more 80% the whole area of ​​housing, healthcare facilities, education, science and culture. All this was done at the expense of exclusively material and technical, financial assistance to the USSR, at the expense of Soviet personnel. And free of charge! In terms of modern prices, the USSR invested hundreds of billions of dollars in Bulgaria! It is also necessary to take into account compensation for the supply of Bulgarian goods to the Union.: with the cheapness of Bulgarian products, Moscow paid Sofia at rates close to the world. For Bulgaria, the prices for the supplied Soviet goods were understated.

It is worth noting, that the authority of the Soviet government in Bulgaria was very high. Sofia village 1949 g. more than once offered to join the USSR as the 16th republic. Unfortunately, Moscow, where, after Stalin's death, the processes of decomposition gradually began (which ultimately led to the rejection of socialism and disaster 1991 of the year), did not dare to do it. The Soviet leadership was afraid of new complications with the West, a possible conflict with Turkey and a sharp reaction among other Balkan countries, in particular, Yugoslavia.

A developed socialist society was built in Bulgaria. Population income has grown significantly. About 40% in the structure of GNP in the early 1980s was occupied by mechanical engineering, instrumentation and machine tool building, ferrous metallurgy, chemical industry and petrochemistry, electronics and electrical engineering. Agriculture has become highly mechanized, which allowed Bulgaria already in the 60s to become one of the largest exporters of vegetables and fruits in Europe (fresh and canned). The country has reached a high level of education, science and culture: on 8,9 million. the population (at 1986 city) It was 27 universities, 185 state museums, 10,4 thousand. public libraries, 55 theaters, etc.. d. An excellent resort and tourism sector has been created in Bulgaria (also mainly due to subsidies from the USSR).

General Secretary of the Bulgarian Communist Party Todor Zhivkov (1954—1989) skillfully conducted domestic and foreign policy. He carried out frequent rotation of party and state leaders, there was no persecution of Orthodoxy, the private sector in agriculture was not limited, there was a rapid rise in living standards. Cultural figures were supported, science and arts. This made it possible to maintain internal stability until the mid-80s.. There was practically no internal opposition. On the foreign stage, Sofia supported Moscow in its confrontation with Beijing.

In the second half of the 80s, when preparations began for the collapse of the USSR and the socialist camp, the head of Romania Ceausescu suggested Zhivkov to create a Romanian-Bulgarian union with the involvement of the GDR and Albania, where else did the Stalinists hold power. The new union was supposed to oppose the Gorbachev leadership, which consistently merged the socialist camp and the USSR. But Bulgaria did not dare to take such a drastic step. After Zhivkov's resignation in 1989 city, prepared by the treacherous policy of the Gorbachev clique and the weakening of economic ties between the USSR and Bulgaria, Bulgarian socialism fell.

official unconsciousness. Why Bulgaria betrays Russia

Head of the Communist Party of Bulgaria Todor Zhivkov

Bulgaria has no future within the framework of the "European Reich"

Further, the events in Bulgaria took place according to the worked out scheme.: liberalization, currency devaluation, privatization (plunder and destruction of the national economy). A significant decrease in the standard of living of the majority of the population, the emergence of a small group of "successful". Agrarian reform (transfer of land to previous owners and their heirs) led to the fragmentation of land areas into small plots and a sharp drop in agricultural production. Prices have skyrocketed, people's living standards fell sharply, bulgarian goods (industrial and agricultural) turned out to be not needed on the world market, production dropped sharply. To 70% production facilities in Bulgaria, created with the help of the Union, idle or closed, plundered. Western Europe didn't even need Bulgarian vegetables and fruits.

official unconsciousness. Why Bulgaria betrays Russia

US Navy launched the fourth generation of ballistic missiles

Bulgaria, in fact, became a semi-colony of the West, under the control of "specialists" in the destruction of competitors from the IMF and the World Bank. Joined NATO and the EU. At the same time, the standard of living of the people has decreased by half compared to the mid-80s., the country's production potential is practically destroyed. Now Bulgaria is a simple consumer within the EU. And Sofia grovels in front of Brussels, begging for funding. Little work, only in the tourism sector, but it is also seasonal. Not surprising, that people are rapidly dying out, and young people flee to developed EU countries, occupying the position of people of the second or third class, slaves in the "European Reich". So, over the past three decades, the population of Bulgaria has decreased by almost a quarter, to 7 million. human. At the same time, this demographic trend is only increasing.. Besides, there is a decrease in the number of Bulgarians, and more Turks and Gypsies.

Leading positions in power, the economy and the press belong to a small pro-Western group (only a few percent of the population), but it is she who determines the political course of the country and the growth of Russophobic, anti-Soviet sentiments in society. Most Bulgarians still see Russians as brothers, but they do not determine the policy of Sofia. Hence the desire of the official Sofia to forget all that great good, which Russia did for Bulgaria, and recolor white to black. Historians and publicists carry out state orders: underestimate, cross out and denigrate the role of Russia in the history of Bulgaria.

obviously, what present-day pro-western Bulgaria has no future. Semi-colonial periphery of the developed countries of the West, sales market and cheap labor, a foothold for NATO in the Balkans and against Russia, minor pricks against Russians in foreign policy and rapid extinction, aging and flight of the indigenous Slavic population. As a result - the complete extinction and death of national identity, Slavic people.

Alexander Samsonov

A source

                          
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