Sub-machine gun in a museum Bordyukova.
As is known, Soviet partisans, acting behind enemy lines during World War II, quickly mastered the repair of existing small arms, and then started and the production of new models. From a certain time was being developed completely new designs. For obvious reasons,, self-developed weapon is simple, but in some cases it proposed to use relatively sophisticated technology. A notable result of this approach was the submachine gun P.E. Bordyukova.
Unfortunately, accurate information about the origin of the submachine gun Bordyukova no. Unknown time of the appearance of this sample, certain circumstances, before his creation, etc. However, on separate fragmentary data we can determine the approximate location and time. As for technical features and characteristics, that in this area the situation is slightly better with the information, Although some of the data set will not be able.
According to known data, original submachine gun was not created earlier 1943 year and not later than mid-1944. The author of a curious design was the guerrilla gunsmith P.E. Bordyukov, while serving in one of the units on the territory of Minsk region. presumably, his party was a member of their team. S.M. Kirov. It is large enough and powerful formation, This team could afford not only to repair the existing weapon, but also to create a completely new.
Experiencing certain difficulties with raw materials, guerrilla groups weapon shops were forced to use any available materials. Most often in the course were water pipes, various metal sheets, barrels, etc.. of the details, such as the trunk or gate, I had to be taken from unserviceable weapons factory of origin. To assemble its weapons guerrillas used a limited set of tools, as well as home-made machines of a destination.
General view of products.
Apparently, the same way is the situation in the studio P.E. Bordyukova, but its experts were able to gain access to the uncharacteristic guerrilla weapons materials and technology. As a result of the new submachine gun was a characteristic feature, sharply distinguishes it from other homemade weapons. All its main parts were mounted on a cast duralumin receiver. Immediately it should be noted, that other partisan development of this kind - if it existed - at least, not preserved and unknown.
Submachine gun Bordyukova based on the known and proven practice ideas and solutions, but some of the features set it apart from existing models. Designer enthusiast offered an automatic weapon with a barrel without guard, solid receiver and wooden buttstock. Because of technological limitations gunsmith had to use ready-barrel factory production. Besides, he had applied in the presence of the wooden butt - this time, probably, for reasons of simplification of the production.
The greatest interest in handicraft project P.E. Bordyukova receiver is an unusual design, uncharacteristic of weapons of guerrilla groups. Trunk, shutter and other devices are placed within a common receiver relatively complex shape. With the guerrillas downed German aircraft duralumin parts removed, and then allowed them to be melted. Next, using home-made forms of a captured metal cast receiver of large and small flat cover it.
Molded box was quite a complex shape, with which to solve all engineering tasks. The front part of the box had a circular cross-section and intended for mounting the barrel; her changed to a rectangular cross section with rounded corners. Behind the chamber was located rectangular receiving store mine. The central and rear portions housed shutter box and parts of the trigger mechanism, in connection with which their cross-section along the entire length remained unchanged. On the right side of the box there was a slot for the cocking handle. It provided below the window to set the trigger. In the back of a small present tide for mounting butt.
On most of its length the box had a U-shaped cross-section. Due to this, in its front part, over the shop receiver, was formed a window to eject shell casings. The remainder of the boxes were covered rectangular removable lid, on which there was scope. As well as the box itself, Cover was performed by the method of casting metal trophy. In its place the cover is secured with a longitudinal guide box, entering into its grooves.
Guerrillas gunsmiths could not independently make the barrel proper quality, and because it went part of the broken rifle Mosin. The existing trunk shortened to the desired length, and altered chamber in accordance with the dimensions of pistol ammunition 7,692h25 mm TT. The muzzle of the barrel, a new front sight base, a breech should interact with the retaining elements of the receiver.
At the receiver the only surviving sample present clear signs of active operation
Like all the other sub-machine guns of World War II, product P.E. Bordyukova was built on the basis of automation with a free gate. Her main piece of forged metal available. Applied different gate design simplicity. He had a fixed firing pin and a simple extractor. Is controlled by a side handle, derived through a slit in the side of the receiver.
Behind the shutter housed large and powerful reciprocating action spring, occupy all the space of the receiver. Gunsmith had to prepare themselves this detail. The raw material for her, probably, served any wire, perhaps, trofeynaya. So, other partisans designers have used for this purpose the wire frame members of the downed balloons German.
It uses simple trigger, assembled from improvised metal parts. It provided a shutter locking rearmost position, and when you press the trigger let him. It was used in the form of a simple fuse the flag oscillating axis, located behind the trigger. When switched off, the fuse box is in the horizontal position and does not interfere with shooting. Placing it in an upright position by turning down, arrows blocking movement of the trigger.
Apparently, Detachment P.E. Bordyukova no available stores prefabricated, and he had to make such devices independently. Metal from the German ammunition box partisans made the rounds detachable box magazine high capacity. Shop placed in the receiving shaft of the receiver and fixed simple latch, located behind. According to some reports, mine design allows the shooter to use regular stores from submachine gun PPD, like a box, and a drum.
Weapons got the simplest sights. On the muzzle of the barrel was low base flies annular namushnike. wide base there in the middle of the receiver cover with the whole. The latter was carried out in the form of an L-shaped part and can occupy two positions. One can fire at a distance 100 m, the second - on 200 m.
Other samples of artisanal production submachine gun differed Bordyukova well dressed fittings. The known data, Designer has equipped their weapons ready butt of a gun. Wooden part has been installed on the influx of receiver. The butt has a neck with a pistol and a protrusion provided acceptable convenience arrow. In this gun had forearm or barrel jacket, in this connection it should hold for the shop.
On the butt prefabricated had flush sling swivel belt. The second ring similar purpose absent. maybe, in the original configuration of the weapon had this item, but it was lost during the operation.
By its dimensions guerrilla weapons consistent with other samples of his time. The total length reached 815 mm and a width of about 85 mm and a height (taking into account the box magazine) 285 mm. Through the application of duralumin receiver managed to achieve certain advantages compared to other samples in terms of weight. rate of, According to various sources, reached 500-600 rounds per minute. Artisanal origin of a negative effect on the accuracy of fire, but the firing range consistent with the characteristics of weapons factory.
According to the available fragmentary data, SMG P.E. Bordyukova was manufactured in 1943-44 years. It was made, least, One example of such weapons. At the same reliable information about the assembly of other SMGs no. maybe, like other samples partisan, SMG Bordyukova produced in small series and was used by soldiers squad along with other weapons, including Soviet and captured German.
When, how and in what circumstances, employ a curious pattern of small arms - unknown. However, can assume, that this submachine gun did not have to stand idle. brigada im. S.M. Kirov regularly conducted a variety of operations, and in the course went all the available weapons, as factory, and improvised.
AT 1945 , the Belarusian Partisan Movement Staff handed in the Great Patriotic War Museum, a number of samples of small arms, made guerrilla workshops. Among them are present and the product P.E. Bordyukova. By the time information on the time and place of the sample production was lost. On a bed of machine pistol inscription "No. 1a" present, allows us to consider it one of the first examples of its type.
There is every reason to believe, that donated to the museum a submachine gun for a long time been in active operation. This version is confirmed by numerous scrapes, scratches and chips on metal parts and butt. Besides, in the rear of the receiver, for a slot on the right side, long crack is present, which could occur due to constant strikes the bolt handle.
Unique submachine gun, manufactured with the use of unusual techniques for guerrilla workshops, as well as other examples of guerrilla weapons, It was retained by the museum staff. He is still in the Minsk State Museum of the Great Patriotic War and is included in the exhibition, dedicated to Belarusian partisans. Visitors can immediately see several models of small arms, manufactures workshops guerrilla groups. At the same time, you can easily compare the design and execution of various products, appeared in similar circumstances and for general reasons.
During the Great Patriotic War gunsmiths guerrilla groups had not only to repair the existing weapons, but also to produce a completely new samples. Known limitations led to clear results, but in some cases, the guerrillas were able to try out non-standard technologies. So, access to the broken enemy aircraft and a private foundry allowed enthusiast designer to create one of the most interesting handicraft submachine guns of its time.
Based on materials:
— historical-weapons.com/
— battlefield.ru/
— warmuseum.by/
— yuripasholok.livejournal.com/
— Brown GV, Loparev S.A. partisan weapon: collection catalog. Very.: Publishing house "Star", 2014.
