CER-33 "Ural" – ship design electronic intelligence 1941 code "Titan"

BRZK NE-33 "Ural" - warship, The world's largest scout ship, the only ship of the project 1941 code "Titan". AT 1977 the Central Committee of the CPSU and the USSR adopted a resolution on the establishment of ship project 1941 (the laying dubbed "Ural") with the special technical means of intelligence "Coral".

Atomic ship STS-33 "Ural" – video

BRZK NE-33 "Ural" - warship, The world's largest scout ship, the only ship of the project 1941 code "Titan". AT 1977 the Central Committee of the CPSU and the USSR adopted a resolution on the establishment of ship project 1941 (the laying dubbed "Ural") with the special technical means of intelligence "Coral".
After arriving at the home place (Gunner Bay, Pacific settlement, Pacific fleet) crew began preparations for military campaigns in the area of ​​missile test US missile defense test site at Kwajalein Atoll. However, this trip did not take place. For a long time, the crew, even with the help of the Baltic plant specialists, I could not rectify the fault in the cooling system of a nuclear installation ship. Graduates of military academies and schools of ground - specialists Operating unique complex "Coral" system, MVK "Elbrus" and functional software - no longer wish to serve in the Navy and began to be written off to the beach.

The problem of on-board operation of a nuclear facility and the main complex "Coral" System Navy could not be solved in a few years. After the collapse of the USSR was mothballed equipment, and technological facilities welded. Such was the fate of a large atomic spy ship "Ural" with the special technical means of intelligence "Coral". During the Cold War, the Soviet Union was an urgent need to monitor potential launches of ballistic missiles from anywhere in the world. To solve this problem by means of ground was not possible, USSR simply did not have military bases in many parts of the world. In turn, the ships of the Naval Space Fleet ("Cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin" and other, cm. article "History of the Naval fleet of space" and "Last Flight" Yuri Gagarin ",") We had no active radar and designed to work on the "defendants" Russian spacecraft.

Thus, it was decided to establish a special warship, which would allow to monitor any subcosmic object on any segment of its trajectory. AT 1977 the Central Committee of the CPSU and the USSR adopted a resolution on the establishment of ship project 1941 (the laying dubbed "Ural") with the special technical means of intelligence "Coral". Preparation and approval of the draft regulations with numerous ministries and departments of the Group's employees the 10th State Ministry of Radio Industry and the Leningrad branch GPTP led by V.Kurysheva, the then position of Deputy Chief of central board. ship roektantom became Leningrad CDB "Iceberg" Minsudproma, by the builder - the Baltic plant named after S. Ordzhonikidze. The head developer of "Coral system" was scheduled CSPA "Vympel" Ministry of Radio Industry. By the creation of a "Coral system" attracted more than 200 Research Institute, KB, manufacturers and installation and setup of organizations. The umbrella organization for the installation and adjustment work on the complexes and systems "Coral" in general, carrying out production tests, provision of state testing and delivery system the Navy has been appointed Production Association "Granite".

We laid the "Ural" in June 1981 of the year, was launched in 1983 year, a 6 January 1989 on the ship was raised by the Naval Flag. The ship got onboard STS-33 number. If there are ships, which are destined to become a floating misfortune own fleet, the "Ural" - in the forefront. Fans can mysticism uglyadet ominous sign in the project room of the floating island with a nuclear engine - 1941. Well it had to guess from a variety of digital combinations for the "Ural" to choose a. In our country, no one should explain, with some tragedies it is connected in the public mind. in short, mystic guilty, or in case it, but the project 1941, which in the 80 years of full-length ugrohali billions of Soviet rubles, It ended in failure.

to understand, Why were the ill-fated "Ural", will have to look into the South Pacific. There, near nine dozen small islands atoll Kwajalein, the United States is a top-secret test site. ICBMs "Minuteman" and MX, starting in test purposes from the state of California, fly it here. And 1983 Kvavdzhaleyn year became one of the American research centers of the Strategic Defense Initiative, conceived by President Ronald Reagan with the aim to disarm the Soviet Union. Hence, in preparation for the "Star Wars" became the launch interceptors, designed to strike the Soviet nuclear warheads. Telemetry data of these tests could tell a lot about Moscow intrigues Reagan. But how to get it?

Civil court "Akademik Sergei Korolev", "Cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin" and "Cosmonaut Vladimir Komarov", equipped with special control and measurement systems for the monitoring of space objects, for the exploration of what is happening on the Kwajalein not good. Home - they do not have active radar and only intended for receiving signals from satellites domestic. so, it was necessary to build a special nuclear warship, which would be able to collect the entire amount of information available on any subcosmic object on any part of its trajectory in any part of the world's oceans. Since the project appeared 1941 «Titan». ship designer became Leningrad CDB "Iceberg" Minsudproma, by the builder - the Baltic plant named after S. Ordzhonikidze.
In order to collect huge amounts of intelligence on ballistic missile American was necessary electronics with unprecedented opportunities for those times. On its development for the "Ural" worked once 18 Soviet ministries with their bureaus and research institutes. Equipped with a unique ship special equipment specially created for this purpose Leningrad Production and Technical Enterprise.

the, that happened in the end, named ship surveillance system "Coral". It is based on the seven most powerful electronic systems. For getting information processing on the "Ural" assembled a unique, for his time, computer assembly, consisting of a few computers, "EU-1046" and "Elbrus". With their help it was possible to decipher the characteristics of any space object at a distance of up to 1500 kilometers. experts say, the crew "Ural" was capable composition engine exhaust ballistic missiles to determine their fuel even secrets.
In the case of the war in remote ocean areas unique ship should be able to fend for themselves. For this he received the artillery, which approximately corresponds to the arming destroyer: one 76-mm gun mount on the bow and stern, four quad launchers portable anti-aircraft missile system "Igla", four six-barrel gun mount 30 mm AK-630 and the four double-barreled 12.7 mm machine gun installation "Cliff M". Ammunition should at least be enough for 20 minutes of battle. In the aviation hangar at the stern housed helicopter Ka-32. Nuclear power unit allows for unlimited long walk at a speed of 20 odd nodes.

Manage miracle ship had a crew of about 1000 human, of which at least 400 - the officers and warrant officers. Intelligence personnel of the complex was divided into 6 special services. For the rest of seafarers in the long voyage to the "Ural" provided a smoking room, billiard, sports and cinema, nature shop, slots, two saunas and a swimming pool. clear, that in order to accommodate all of this splendor was necessary technical ship's hull sheer size. It did those, taking as a basis for the construction of nuclear-powered cruiser Project 1144 type "Kirov". As a result, the length "Ural" was approximately two football field, and the height from the keel to the truck - a 28-storey house.
of hope, that the USSR Ministry of Defense rests with the latest intelligence ship, says truly unique fact: absolutely civilian chief designer of "Ural" Arkharova at the end of the work was immediately awarded the rank of "Rear Admiral". Well, and the title of Hero of Socialist Labor - is itself.

In the Baltic factory "Ural" laid in the summer 1981 of the year. On its water lowered in 1983. AT 1989 , the ship entered the combat strength of the Soviet Navy. Immediately under the command of Captain 1 Ilya Keshkova rank went to a two-month transition to its permanent home in the Pacific. In the campaign scout ship discreetly accompanied by our multi-purpose nuclear submarine. And yet - a lot of planes and ships of NATO countries, who were at a loss: Why the Russian giant ocean with space antennas?
At first everything was great. The crew on the way to the Pacific base tested the capabilities of its intelligence apparatus. Easily a thousand miles was detected start of the American space shuttle "Columbia". Then - the placing into orbit from the territory of the United States two optoelectronic and electronic reconnaissance satellites, launched the program "Star Wars". About such trifles, as associated fixing radar parameters are located on the way of foreign military bases, as well as the accompanying "Ural" NATO ships and aircraft, not worth mentioning.

Hundreds of representatives of industry, together with the crew released into the ocean trek, day and night trying to debug and then failure of the equipment. Faltering nuclear reactor cooling system, computer system is not working properly, Some information-gathering systems. There was the roll of five degrees to the left side, which has not managed to eliminate.
Everything turned out even worse, when the "Ural" arrived at its base in the Pacific PGT, sailors nicknamed Texas. No one could not assume, that first trip monstrously expensive ship unique and will last. Quay wall is not prepared for it. How not prepared before anything like this for the heavy aircraft carrier "Minsk" and "Novorossiysk". Therefore, no fuel, no money, no water, or electricity from shore to ship was impossible to file. Their diesel generators and boilers thrashed ceaselessly, Embossing precious lifespan, which was supposed to spend only campaigns. Not surprising, that those cruisers, in fact, "Ate" themselves and were written off for scrap, long before it was due.

Now the same fate awaited and "Ural". He, too, most of the time standing on a mooring in the bay barrels Shooter. In the summer 1990 year there was a fire at the atomic scoutship, which disabled the aft engine room. Burned electric cables, coming from the boiler feed. More than a year energy supply ship provided only bow machine, but soon burned down and she. After that, all the energy of the ship provided only emergency diesel generators. Money for repairs was not. The commander of the ship's captain 1 Keshka rank in despair, even wrote a formal letter to the then Russian President Boris Yeltsin. As expected, no money for repairs, no one answered the commander did not wait.
As a result, all the misfortunes in 1992 nuclear reactors, the "Ural" drowned, and he himself was put to a distant pier, turning on an unprecedented scale officers' hostel. For this, Pacific sarcastically dubbed STS-33 "Ural" kayutonostsem. A decoding abbreviated CER become so: special sleeping car.

The various sources of information found, that the "Ural" is still carried on combat duty, despite the damage the ship has successfully controlled the northern part of the Pacific Ocean, intercepting radio networks in the Navy, Air Force and the US and Japan PLO. AT 2001 the year converge only in one war patrol ship completely written off and put on the joke to a distant pier. Next to him was also laid up a fellow sufferers - the missile cruiser "Admiral Lazarev" (former "Frunze", one of the four nuclear-powered missile cruisers Project shock 1144 'Trencher "; the only remaining in the ranks cruiser Project 1144 "Peter the Great" is now the flagship of the Northern Fleet of the Russian Navy).
In April 2008 It has been carried out a tender for ship recycling and its nuclear power plants. ship breaking was carried out (2010) in the Far East Plant "Zvezda". In June 2012 General Director of FSUE "Rosatomflot" state corporation "Rosatom" Vyacheslav Rouksha announced its intention to use the equipment and power plant BARZK "Ural" for the repair of existing nuclear icebreakers. In September 2014 It was announced repeated tender for disposal BARZK "Ural".

The performance characteristics of the ship STS-33 "Ural"

Photos ship STS-33 "Ural" with antenna radar "Atoll" without protective housing

A source