Messerşmitt Me 163 “Comet” It was a marvel of modern technology. Small and almost twice the rate for Allied bombers, to deal with which it was created, inspired by the British and American pilots superstitious terror until, until they have identified weaknesses interceptor. His appearance Me 163 required to the proposal, which left the German Ministry of Aviation to Dr. Alexander Lippishu in the late thirties.
Messeršmitt Me 163 Comet – video
The essence of the job was to create the body of the aircraft for installation of a liquid-jet Walter. Although the project came to nothing, at 1939 g. Dr. Lippish joined the firm "Messerschmitt", where he received a laboratory with a staff to work on the creation of jet aircraft. In 1940, completely wooden glider DFS 194 with engine Walter 1-203 I went to Pennemyunde, where during testing to develop the maximum speed 547 km / h and has demonstrated an unprecedented first climb. Military have expressed interest in the project and ordered the six prototype Me 163A with more powerful engine 1-203b with pulling power 736 kg. Testing began in March 1941 city, but the first flight using its own propulsion system machine made not earlier 13 August. 2 October test pilot Heini Dittmar was raised in tow to a certain height, then I started the engine and began to pick up speed. Suddenly, the car started to shake, and she began to nod - appeared the first signs, that the aircraft approached the speed of sound. Me 163 reached speeds 1004 kmh, What's on 250 km / h higher than the then world record.
Photo Messeršmitt Me 163 Comet
pre-series version, Me 163B, engine intended to equip R 11-211. However, he has revealed a large number of "childhood diseases", that twice led to a strong explosion and destruction of buildings, where conducted bench tests. Application unsprung chassis-trucks and rails threatened to turn into a disaster for pilots. However, work continued, until at last in a series of aircraft has not been started, called "Comet". Although an experienced squadron was formed at the beginning of 1943 city, due to the fact that in August, the Allies bombed the Messerschmitt plant at Regensburg, It took a few months, before February 1944 g. Me first production 1bZV1a began arriving in Lechfeld. Structurally, the car was quite simple: she had no tail and was equipped with a liquid-jet engine with traction power 1471 kg (sea level height). Aircraft armed with two guns: in early versions of the 20-mm MG 151, and later - a 30-mm MK 108 with ammunition 60 shots on the barrel.
The first experience of Me 163 in combat conditions was negative, The reason is the technical breakdowns and too fast speed. Allies shot down two machines. meanwhile 24 August 1944 g. Interceptor finally revealed himself, writing on jet aircraft by four B-17. Speed continued to be a problem - the plane closer to the opponent too quickly, pilot to properly aim. Designers have developed a special installation of the upper bout, Operates photocell, but before the end of the war this system managed to try only once. Results reins, We can say this: from a practical point of view, "Comet" was unsuccessful machine. About 80 Me percent 163 It was lost during takeoff or landing, wherein 300 "Comet", operating in combat squadrons, chalked up a total of nine bombers allies.
modifications
– Me-163S - Double unpowered training option, is intended for practicing landing. Built several copies.
– There was also a training version of the Me-163 with cabin two pilots.
– Do not fall into a series of Me-163C and Me-163D.
Performance characteristics Messerschmitt Me 163 B-1 Comet
– developer: Alexander Lippish
– Manufacturer: Messerschmitt
– First flight: Me 163 The V4 13 February 1941
– Getting Started: 1944
crew Me 163
– 1 human
Dimensions Me 163
– Length: 5,69 m
– Wingspan: 9,32 m
– Height: 2,75 m
– wing area: 19,62 m²
– Wing loading: 213 kg / m
weight Me 163
– empty weight: 1 905 kg
– curb weight: 3 950 kg
– Maximum take-off weight: 4 110 kg
engines Me 163
– 1× reactive Walther HWK 109-509A-2
– pull: 1× 17 kN
– thrust-to-weight ratio: 0,42
speed Me 163
– full speed: at sea level 830 kmh, on high 3000 m 960 kmh
– landing speed: 220 kmh
– Skoropodъёmnost: 3 600 m / min, 4.860 m / min, 10.020 m / min
Practical range Me 163
– 200 km
Flight duration Me 163
≈8 minutes
Practical ceiling Me 163
– 12 000 m
armament Me 163
– In the first 47 copies 2x20 mm guns Mauser MG -151/20 ammunition 100 shots on the barrel.
– Then 2x30 mm gun Rheinmetall-Borsig MK 108, ʙoezapas 60 shots on the barrel. booking:15 mm front armored plate, bronesteklo, bronespynka 8-13 mm
