Aircraft, who became the ancestor of a long line of fighters “As”, which bore the full brunt of the wings of the Great Patriotic War, It was developed under the leadership of AS. Yakovleva 1939 g. Aircraft, originally stood for I-26, It was a single-monoplane with retractable landing gear and a 12-cylinder engine liquid cooling. From original M-106 (1200 hp) because of its nedovedennosti had to be abandoned, and the aircraft has received the M-105P (1050 l,from.). airframe was mixed and relatively heavy, a fuselage skeleton with a welded steel pipe, To facilitate machine designer went on to use the one-piece wing, reduces maintainability and complicate transport aircraft.
As Ystrebytel 1 – video
The first prototype I-26-1 was flight tested 1940 city, second – 23 Martha. Tests showed numerous problems, related, mainly, with job insecurity motoustanovki. Despite this, in September 1940 g. factory near Moscow number 301 He produced a pilot batch of 10 I-26, and at the end of the year the Saratov factory number 292 I passed 16 production aircraft. Aircraft full-scale production, which 26 December 1940 g. assigned name of the Yak-1, It started in 1941 g.
Total aircraft, made up 1944 g,, estimated to be approximately 8760 Aircraft, of them 112 at 1940-1941 gg. let the plant number 301, a 8553 – factory number 292 (16 at 1940 city, 1212 in 1941, 3477 in 1942, 2720 in m-1943 and 1128 at 1944 city).
Combat use Yak-1
Before the war aviation industry released 425 Like 1, but not all of them managed to get into combat units. In the border counties on 22 June 1941 g. there were, total, 105 Like 1, but they have been fully completed only 20-th IAP Kiev Special IN, clashed with the first minutes of the war.
The Battle of Moscow was the first operation, which is widely used fighter Yakovlev. In particular, as part of the Air Force of the Kalinin Front on them fought 163rd, 237-and, 518-Her and her 521-REA, western front – 20-and, 66-and, 188-Her and her 236-REA; here also operated 211 th and 484 th IAP from the Supreme Command reserve. In January 1942 g. As poluchyl-1 and PAI-586 – the only female fighter regiment.
By the fall 1942 g. Yak-1 was the most massive of the Red Army Air Force fighter – on such machines were fighting about a third of IAP, acting on all fronts. Exploit them and the air defense, as well as the Naval Aviation – although for flights over the sea Yak-1 had insufficient range. Along with conventional shelves, Yak-1 fought the elite of the real source of aces -stavshy pokryshkinsky 16th Guards. İAP, manned by the best pilots 434y IAP, and her 69-REA, in which in the autumn 1942 g. gathered pilots, who had to his credit not less than 5 wins. At the end 1942 g. Stalingrad debuted Yak-1 with improved aerodynamics (512-m and 520-m IAP) According to the results of combat work 512 IAP one downed German plane had 18 departures on improved "Jake" and 26 – Usually on the Yak-1. win / loss ratio was 6,5 downed enemy aircraft lost one fighter and improved 2,5 – one standard Yak-1. December 1942 -January 1943 gg. passed military tests of the Yak-16. They involved 58 176 aircraft IAP 16th VA Stalingrad front and 32-th Guards IAP third VA Kalinin Front.
Performing during the test 669 sorties, they spent 38 air battles and shot down 25 enemy planes, incl. 11 fighters (five and six Bf 109F FW 190A). Own losses were 6 Once 1b.
In the air battle over Kuban in April-May 1943 g. She acted in a number of parts and connections, armed Yak-1, in particular, 3-th IAK (265-I 278ya IAD). The Battle of Kursk 52 İAP – 32 flew on fighter Yakovlev, approximately equal proportions Yak-1 and Yak-7. Subsequently proportion Yak-1 is gradually decreased – They are dislodged by more modern machines. So, in February 1944 g. Korsun-Shevchenko Operation to "Yak" flew 11 regiments, of these, only 3 fully armed Yak-16 6 – As partially ukomplektovannыh 1, along with a Yak-7 Yak-9. By the end of the war the Yak-1 on the front left relatively few.
In March and July 1943 g. Yak-1 flew a French squadron "Normandie-Niemen", subsequently re-equipment of more modern machinery. Since July 1944 g. Yak-16 fought Polish 1st PAI "Warsaw", fly them until May 1945 g.
Despite the challenges, manifested more in the early stages of production, Yak-1 in the first months of the war quickly gained a reputation as the best Soviet fighter. Yielding "Messerschmitts" in the speed and rate of climb, It differed horizontal good maneuverability. Yak-1 was stable in the air and have good maneuverability, It was available for inexperienced drivers. "Tighten" flight performance managed on the Yak-16, and the introduction of this modification, the drop-shaped lantern significantly improved overview. Aircraft design was adapted to mass production using abundant materials, and also has sufficient maintainability. In the same time, because the wooden structure of the wing, it has a low resistance to damage.
As Modyfykatsyy 1
Like 1 – basic model. Motor M-105P (1050 hp), November 1941 g. – M-105Pa same power. weaponry – 1 20-mm motor gun LUBAK (ammunition 130 shells), 2 7,62-mm machine gun synchronized ShKAS (total ammunition 1500 rounds). Since October 1941 g. aircraft are often equipped for suspension 6 82-NAR mm.
Yak-1 lite – party of 10 aircraft, Released in March 1942 g. plant number 292. weaponry -1 rifle LLIBAK. Neprotektirovannye installed fuel tanks and metallic tail,
Once the motor 1 with M-105PF – issued June 1942 g. The engine had a lower altitude, but the increased power (1180 hp). From september 1942 g. aircraft part produced in a lightweight 13-January variants are, without guns and radios.
Yak-1 with improved aerodynamics – It was built from December 1942 g.
Once 1b – engine M-105PF. weaponry – 1 shvak cannon gun (140 shells), 1 12,7-Simultaneous mm machine gun UBS (220 rounds). Enhanced body armor pilot, set teardrop lamp.
Yak-1 with the motor M 106-1SK – in January-February 1943 g. released 47 aircraft, because nedovedennosti motoustanovki subsequently converted by the M-105PF.
Tactical-technical characteristics Yak-1
– chief designer: A. FROM. Yakovlev
– First flight: 13 January 1940 of the year
– years of production: 1940—1944
– units produced: ~ 8734
As a crew-1
– 1 human
The dimensions of the Yak-1
– Length, m: 8.48
– Wingspan, m: 10.00
– wing area, m2: 17.15
As Massa-1
– empty weight, kg: 2412
– Mass normal takeoff, kg: 2917
As the engine 1
– engine's type: M-105PF
– rated power, l. from.: 1210
– power takeoff, l. from.: 1210
How to Speed 1
– Maximum speed at ground, kmh: 510
– Maximum speed at height, kmh: 571
Flight range Yak-1
– 650 km
Speed takeoff Yak-1
– 833 m / min
Practical ceiling Yak-1
– 10000 m
As Vooruzhenye 1
– Small-pushechnoe: 1 × 20 mm cannon ShVAK, 1 × 12,7-mm pulemёt UBS
