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Semyonovsky regiment

Semyonovsky regiment

A group of officers of the Life Guards Semenov regiment

Life Guards Semenov regiment was formed in 1691 year in the village of Semenov called amusing semonovtsev; from 1687 , they started to be called Semenov regiment, and with 1700 year - the Life Guards Semenov.

AT 1800 the Emperor Paul I called the regiment of the Life Guards of His Imperial Highness Alexander's regiment, but already 14 Martha 1801 the Emperor Alexander I returned the regiment former name.

30 November 1700 for the year in an unsuccessful Russian battle at Narva Regiment (along with the Life Guards) staunchly defended from the Swedes and managed to avoid defeat. for courage, manifested in this battle, all the soldiers in the regiment 1700-1740 years wore red stockings (in memory of, that "in this battle they stood knee-deep in blood"). In this battle, the regiment lost 17 officers and 454 the lower ranks. AT 1702 , the regiment took part in the 13-hour siege of the fortress Noteburg, for which all the participants were awarded with silver medals. 9 October 1708 the regiment as part korvolanta Russian troops took part in the Battle of the Forest. 27 June 1709 , the regiment participated in the Battle of Poltava.

It should be emphasized, that the personnel of semyonovsky regiment successfully distinguished himself during World War II 1812 of the year. All three battalions of the regiment joined the 1st Brigade of the Guards Infantry Division, 5th Infantry Corps. When he took the field in St. Petersburg in the ranks were 51 officer and 2147 the lower ranks. During the battle of Borodino regiment was in reserve, after the capture of an enemy battery Rajewski participated in repelling the attacks of the French heavy cavalry in the center of the Russian position (I lost 120 human).

In campaign 1813 , the regiment participated in the Battle of Lützen, Bautzen, Kulm and Leipzig, campaign 1814 year came to Paris. In campaigns 1813, 1814 years in combat regiment participated illustrious officer - Colonel George Knight (later General) Sergey Nepeytsyn (1771-1848), He lost his leg still under Ochakov and fought to the "artificial" foot of the famous design engineer Kulibina.

In October 1820 , the parent company of Semenov regiment, tied to the former commander of the I. A. Potemkin, filed a request to cancel the entered when Arakcheev strict orders and replace the colonel Schwartz. Roth fraud brought in a playpen, arrested and sent to the casemates Peter and Paul Fortress. Behind her stood the whole band. The regiment was surrounded by the military garrison of the capital, and then in full force sent to the Peter and Paul Fortress. The first battalion was betrayed by a military court, ringleaders sentenced to driving out the gauntlet, and the other soldiers - to exile in distant garrisons. Other battalions were raskassirovany on various army regiments.

At the beginning of the XX century, when revolution swept Russia, at 1905 the regiment was transferred to Moscow for the suppression of the December uprising in Moscow. By the 16th day of the, when semonovtsy and other units arrived to intervene, in the hands of the rebels was one of the areas of the city - Presnya, and the line of the Moscow-Kazan Railway to Golutvina. To suppress the rebellion outside Moscow commander Semenov regiment Colonel G. A. Min isolated from their regiment under the command of six companies 18 officers and under the command of Col. H. TO. Riemann. For the suppression of the December uprising in Moscow, the commander of the Life Guards Semenov regiment Georgy Ming earned special praise of Emperor Nicholas II, He was promoted to major general and enrolled in the suite.

Semyonovsky regiment

The parade of the regiment at the Tsarskoye Selo station building under constructionin Zagorodny Prospekt

AT 1917 year Semenov regiment declared himself a supporter of the new order, It was renamed "third Petrograd city guards Uritsky". After the October revolution in protective regiment Spassky district of Petrograd recorded many "gourmet sons" to evade service in the Red Army. However, when Petrograd was the danger of the White Guard offensive, stationed in Petrograd began sending part to the front. 3-th protective regiment was transformed into a "third task infantry regiment 2nd brigade of the Petrograd" and sent to the front.

28 May 1919 the regiment is located in the village of Expression, what in 6 kilometers from the station Siverskaya Saint Petersburg-Warsaw Railway. 3-th battalion of the regiment in 600 man was stationed in the village, the other two are on the front line. At night, collusion battalion commanders and Whites, the village entered the White Guard Regiment Talab, and plotters, headed in. A. Zaitsev, former captain, commander of the 1st Battalion, and C. A. Samsonievskim, a former officer of the Guards, We began to arrest and shoot all communists. A brigade commissioner. FROM. crayfish, barricaded with a machine gun in a house, He shot back until, as long as he does not run out of ammo, then shot. After the massacre of the communists ranks of the regiment took place to the sound of the regimental band march past in front of his officers. Just to the side of the white moved about six hundred, regimental band and two-gun battery.

It was one of the biggest transitions of the Red Army on the side of the white, attracted the attention of the top leaders of the Soviet state. Shortly after passing the regiment was visited by the commander of the Northern Corps, Lieutenant-General A. P. Rodzyanko, which I was pleasantly impressed by their cheerful appearance and left the division name Semenov regiment. According to the historian Jaroslav Tinchenko, "For the Soviet power Semenov regiment was the most hated of all the Russian Imperial Army".

In addition to the above, the transition to the side in white 1905 semonovtsy year participated in the suppression of the December armed uprising in Moscow. Among those arrested were three members of the Moscow uprising suppression 1905 years and six officers and non-commissioned officers, at 1919 year sided with the white. In the 20s they returned home from exile, but continued to maintain correspondence with the transition initiated Regiment, living in Finland, captain Zaitsev.

Notably, that the parsing of the altar of the Church of the Life Guards Semenov regiment authorized OGPU discovered regimental colors, semonovtsy who kept all these years.

Gabriel Tsobehiya

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