The history of this amazing aircraft began in 1965 g. Chief designer R.L. Bartini final stage of his artistic career devoted to the development of aircraft, using the effect of "vicinity of the earth", has introduced a new classification into circulation - "winged". By "winged" refers apparatus, moving near the boundary of two media: aquatic and terrestrial. He proposed to build anti vertically flying up amphibian VVA-14 (the number "14" the number of engines meant).
Amphibian VVA-14 – video
In his opinion, VVA-14 was to "have a landing device, providing not require an airfield basing, including water and snow, all year round and in any weather, and seaworthy characteristics, allowing long drift with the engine off ".
Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the USSR and the CPSU number 935-325 from 11 November 1965 g. It prescribes the creation of aircraft with two boosters turbofan D-ZOM, provided with thrust vector deflection devices and lifting RD-36-35PR. Designers have chosen aerodynamic configuration with a center-caisson very small elongation, at which the sides of the gondola and placed trapezoidal console high aspect ratio. In gondola, on a plan designer, The balloon volume were to be placed on 50 m3 each, providing the required buoyancy and stability. The forward fuselage housed the crew cabin, and in the middle was a weapons bay, loading which produces onshore through a hatch.
Two main engine turbofan D-ZOM fastened to the center-pole, require an airfield and for take-off to be installed twelve hoisting RD-36-35PR. Gas lift jet engines, getting into space, center-limited, the interface between two media and lateral gondolas, created in addition to rods and air cushion. Manage the device after the start was carried out with the help of aerodynamic control surfaces. To control the rate and pitch combined gas jet rudders were created.
Built just two VVA-14 machine: 1M and 2M. The first of these was designed to study the aerodynamic layout and a number of aircraft systems, second - driving VTOL, and transitional flight modes. Dvigatelisty not released in time lifting engines. Nor inflatable floats were put. Decided to begin tests on a wheeled chassis and urgently finalized documentation. The chassis was a bicycle-type end supports.
4 September 1972 g. crew headed by a test pilot YM. Kupriyanov has carried out the first flight from the factory airfield with dirt GDP. Almost hour flight allowed to draw the first conclusions: Machine sustainable and manageable. AT 1974 g. has begun installation of inflatable floats, allowed soon to experience the car afloat. The study showed afloat, that the maximum velocity of the water should not exceed 35 kmh. Otherwise floats may be deformed and collapse, however, for vertically aircraft taking off this speed was sufficient. By the middle 1975 g. machine made already 107 flight, and hoisting engines all was not.
The fate of the car hanging in the balance, and R.L. Bartini abandoned engines EDO PL. Kolesov, and I decided to install two more engine D-Zom in the forward fuselage. Soft floats were replaced by hard. The chassis is dismantled, Terminated their niche, and on the floats were two non-retractable support. All improvements were carried out in 1976 city, R.L after death. Bartini. The modified aircraft "14M1P" was no longer taking off vertically. test, which took place on the land and on the water, not been successful. The machine does not rise, soon the interest in it waned, and the program was closed.
The performance characteristics of VVA-14
– chief designer: R.L. Bartini
– First flight: 4 September 1972 of the year
– units produced: 2
VVA-14 crew
– 3 pilot
Dimensions VVA-14
– Wingspan, m: 28,50
– Length, m: 25,97
– Height, m: 6,79
– wing area, m²: 217,72
Weight VVA-14
– aircraft empty weight: 35 356 kg
– maximum Weight: 52 000 kg
VVA-14 engine
– number of engines: 12 lifting (Only on VVA-14) and 2 marshevыh (on ekranolote 14M1P)
– engine lifting: turboventilâtornyj RD-36-35PR
– Traction hoist motor: 43 kN (4400 kgf)
– sustainer engine: D-30M
– Thrust main engine: 67 kN (6800 kgf)
Speed VVA-14
– full speed, kmh: 760
– Cruising speed, kmh: 640
– loiter speed, kmh: 360
Flight range VVA-14
– 2450 km
Practical ceiling VVA-14
– 10 000 m
Armament VVA-14
– 2 aerial torpedo, or 8 Aircraft minutes IGMD-500, or 16 bombs PLAB-250, maximum combat load 4000 kg.
Photo Aircraft VVA-14
VVA-14 airplane – off from the water surface
Takeoff VVA-14 with a solid surface
VVA-14 in Monino without wings, and the tail engines
