first Red Army.1918 year –Ivan Drozdov (1924 year)
After the defeat of the interventionists and White Army main forces during the Civil War, the international position of the young Soviet state was strengthened. Therefore, the Soviet government sent a major force in the economic development of the country.
It was necessary to reduce the army, without diminishing its combat potential. The Soviet government in the interwar period, conducting a series of major events, aimed at, that together with a significant reduction of their weapons and lead the organization in accordance with the requirements of the times. "The giant scale of modern warfare, in no way will be involved powerful military coalition with millions of living forces many thousands of military and technical means, - noted in the fundamental work "strategic deployment"
AT. A. Melikov, - can be victorious only allowed skilful use of three categories of armed forces, operating on land, in the air and on the sea ". In accordance with these views, in the USSR, along with reforms in order to determine the presence and training of human resources in a number of regions were conducted by experienced mobilization.
should say, that these activities in the 20-30s were one of the most important forms of testing a common mechanism to mobilize the armed forces of individual regions of the country, clarifying parts of mobilization plans, compounds, separate military district. they held, usually, for acquisition deployed in the event of war, military units; accumulation in peacetime necessary supplies of weapons, military equipment and other material resources; checking account alerts and collecting military service, and mobilized vehicles, etc..
It should also be noted, that experienced during mobilizations in parallel with the main objectives of the decision and resolved other issues: It was organized military training of untrained troops, conducted special training sessions with the composition of the enlistment, in particular the special, And so on. For example, such problems were solved in the course of experimental mobilizations in the Siberian Military District: 1927 year - Omsk, 1928 year - Rubtsovsk, 1931 year - Novosibirsk; in a series of experimental mobilizations 1936 of the year, in particular in the North Caucasus (1 – 10, 20 – 30 July), Moscow (5 – 15, 20 – 30 July), Urals (1 – 10 August) military districts.
Experienced mobilization carried out by the Headquarters (General staff) Red Army in accordance with the plan experienced mobilization and on the basis of the order of People's Commissar of Defense.
Border guards in Batumi – Vladimir Lyushin (1932 year)
Of particular importance was attached experienced mobilizations, carried out in the border areas of the country. During their specially clarifying questions correct calculations and mobilization plans of the Red Army in accordance with the terms of the initial period of war. So, at 1928 – 1929 years by a decision of the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR, a series of such experienced mobilization mobilization of military units and bodies of local military administration in case of war in Belarusian, Moscow, Ukrainian, Leningrad, North Caucasus, Volga and Siberian military districts.
According to the results mobilize the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR adopted a resolution "On the fundamental problems of mobilization of the Red Army". The resolution notes the low level of mobilization readiness of the Red Army, We called the main reasons for this situation: a) mismatch systems acquisition peacetime and wartime; b) unsatisfactory readiness of mobilized units. It was particularly noted mobilization work invalid state in some border areas. So, the results mobilize near Bobruisk (1929 year) show, that in a combat situation to mobilize the first echelon of the covering forces would be completely thwarted.
18 December 1929 , the mobilization meeting was held in the USSR RVS, in which noted, that "the mobilization are in serious, and in some respects even in catastrophic conditions. If so will proceed the actual mobilization, we may suffer defeat in the very beginning of the war ".
In the future, experienced mobilization in the border regions of the country were the focus of management's Commissariat of Defense and the General Staff. AT 1936 , in order to check the availability of the human resources of forces in the border counties in the initial period of war were carried out by experienced mobilization and comprehensive inspections of the Belarusian (8 – 14 August), Kiev (4 – 17 September) military districts. The results of the experimental mobilizations testified, that in the conditions of growth of technical equipment of the armed forces, Rise military threat mobilization training unit, carrying out mobilization in case of war require a qualitative change and improvement.
However, many of the right conclusions and opinions of experienced mobilizations 30s and has not been fully taken into account and implemented in the course of preparation and carrying out mobilization of the Soviet Armed Forces in 1941 year.Gabriel Tsobehiya
