In July 1934 g. design teams VM. Petlyakova led by AN. Tupolev began designing heavy bomber TB-7 (IPG-42) to replace obsolete TB-3. The basic idea of the designers was that, to create a plane, beyond the reach of the Best Western fighters of the time. After the arrest of VM. Petlyakova all works, associated with the development and operation of the airplane, They were assigned to I.F. Nezval. December 1935 g. preliminary design and layout of the airplane were presented the military, led by MN. Tukhachevsky.
Bomber Pe-8 (IPG-42, TB-7) – video
In their scheme a plane represented chetyrehdvigatelny metal sredneplan with retractable landing gear. original solution has been proposed to provide the required elevation motors AM 34FRN. Originally intended to increase altitude engines by installing turbochargers, but they have not yet been finally brought. At the suggestion of AN. Tupoleva was decided to install a fifth motor M 100 for pressurization of the central unit (ACN), that was placed on top of the fuselage. Gunnery armament placed for maximum efficiency of defensive fire. The armament consisted of a gun, large-caliber machine guns and rapid-firing. newest navigation equipment was installed, enabling to fly at night and in adverse weather conditions at large distances from their bases.
The construction of the first prototype of the TB-7 aircraft was completed 9 November 1936 g. 27 December plane, a crew led by a test pilot MM. thunderous, It made its first flight. Factory tests were carried out without the inclusion of ACN. State tests showed good for that time flight data, and plane, at the insistence of the Air Force, We had to urgently launch a series. The benchmark for the series was the second prototype of the TB-7 "doubler", in which the structure has been amended. The fuselage is expanded to 100 mm, changed its tail section, improved the management system, We changed the composition of defensive weapons. Tests "understudy" were completed in December 1938 g. Series production began at the Kazan aircraft plant number 124. Problems with the supply of ACN and AM 34FRNV engines led to the suspension of production, They were released only two cars. With delivery engine 35, and AM-diesels M-30 and M-40 was constructed by May 1941 g. 27 machines. Since the beginning of the war production of aircraft Pe-8 (at 1942 g. aircraft was renamed in honor of the deceased in a plane crash VM. Petlyakova) It was continued in small numbers. All were released 93 cars with different engines and modifications. Diesel engines in operation have shown low reliability and longer built.
During the war, bombers ANT-42 (TB-7, Pe-8) participated in various operations. air force unit, TB-7 operated in Ukraine, It came under bombardment on the first day of the war, and survived only 13 aircraft. In July 1941 g. It was formed a special connection ADD under the command of MV. Vodopyanova. On the night 9 on 10 August 1941 g. two squadrons of the compound from an airfield near Leningrad made their first raid on Berlin. several flights had been committed on Kenigsberg, Five-ton where the bombs were dropped. Aircraft involved in the bombing of Stalingrad and during the battle at the Kursk Bulge. AT 1942 g. on a specially modified car EK crew. Pusep brought the Soviet government delegation headed by the VM. Molotov in Britain and the United States and vice versa. it was passed 17 800 km over the ocean and over the territory, controlled opponent. After the war, Pe-8 aircraft were used in MAP units and CAF, in polar aviation until the second half of the 1950s.
The official name of the aircraft
A car 42, or plane 42 – internal factory name, just so the factory signed documents bomber. This name was kept on the documents until the end of series production. Numeral 42 It means the sequence of the project code, adopted in TsAGI.
IPG-42 – the first official state name, It is an abbreviation for the name of Andrei Nikolaevich Tupolev, TsAGI head at that time. Historically associated with the first prototype, although some government documents is the name specified in the context of mass-produced cars.
TB-7 – military designation bomber in army. Under this name he was adopted by the, all technical documentation intended for the operation of machines, It contains the name. This designation is historically associated with the aircraft, issued until the first half 1941 of the year.
Pe-8 – for the creation and introduction into production of Pe-2. M. Petlyakov was exonerated and released from prison with full restoration of the rights and titles, but in 1942 He was killed in a plane crash. In honor of the deceased TB-7 designer it was renamed the Pe-8. This notation is used to name all of the outstanding aircraft, including two prototypes.
«Petlyakov» – This name was called lotnym aircraft and technical staff.
Performance characteristics of Pe-8
– chief designer: VM. Petlyakov
– First flight: 27 December 1936
– End of operation: 1954
– years of production: 1939—1944
– units produced: 93 (including two prototypes)
The crew of the Pe-8
– 8~ 12 people
Capacity Pe-8
– 5000 (6000) kg
Dimensions Pe-8
– Length: 23,59 m
– Wingspan: 39,01 m
– Height: 6,20 m
– airfoil: TsAGI-40
– The mean aerodynamic chord: 5,35 m
– Wing loading: 143,5 kg / m
All Pe-8
– empty weight: 19 986 kg
– Normal takeoff weight: 27 000 kg
– Maximum takeoff weight: 35 000 kg
– The mass of a full load: 15 014 kg
– Mass fuel in internal tanks: 13 025 kg (maximum)
Pe-8 engine
– 4 × liquid cooled V-12 AM-35A
– engine power: 4 × 1350 HP. (4 × 1000 kW)
– thrust-to-weight ratio: 140 W / kg
– Air propeller: Em-24
– The diameter of the screw: 4,1 m
– Coefficient of drag at max. speed at ground: 0,027
– fineness: 14,8
Speed Pe-8
– Maximum speed at ground: 347 kmh
– Maximum speed at height 6360 m: 443 kmh
– Cruising speed: 400 kmh
– landing speed: 114 kmh
– Skoropodъёmnost: 5,9 m / s
– set the height: 5000 M 14,6 min.
– The length of the run: 1100-2300 m (depending on the take-off weight)
– path length: 580 m
Flight range Pe-8
– 3 600 km
Service ceiling
– 9 300 m
Armament Pe-8
Small-pushechnoe:
– 2× 20 ShVAK mm cannon (upper and aft installation)
– 2× 12,7 mm machine guns UBT (underwing nacelles)
– 2× 7,62 mm machine gun ShKAS (bow installation)
combat load:
– to 4000 kg, I could use a mass bomb 5000 kg
Photo Ile-8
