The history of this remarkable aircraft Pe-2 began like: in the second half 1938 g. in the NKVD was organized under one roof, the so-called CDB-29 (it was also called OTB - special design office). It includes three KB: KB-100 led VM. Petlyakov, KB-102 led VM. Myasishchev and KB-103 led AN. Tupolev. Later they were joined by KB-110, headed by DL. Tomasevic. All these CB developed new models of aircraft, then received the symbol of their rooms.
Pe-2 bomber – video
The first task is received CB-100, which prescribes the creation of high-altitude interceptor fighter to destroy the enemy at a height of 10-12 km. Military interest in such aircraft was determined under the influence of air battles in Spain and China. Development of fighters with the ceiling is a very complex technical task. To provide the necessary power of the motor at a height required turbocharger (TC). VM. Petlyakov the design immediately identified, that the aircraft must be BENCH, because one pilot to control and to dogfight at high altitude will be very difficult. For wing selected profiles TsAGI, allowing to reach considerable speeds during a dive at high altitudes. They also have drawbacks - small carrying capacity, but for the "100" is not considered important. Configuration of an aircraft performed at a very high level aerodynamics. "100" became the first domestic military aircraft with a pressurized cabin, included in the power fuselage structure. The bow of the established gunnery battery, consisting of two machine guns and two SHKAC ShVAK.
Despite the complexity and novelty of the case, Aircraft design went very quickly. In May 1939 g. its layout was approved by military, which in the course of development of the aircraft began to change their attitude to the destination machine. Customer paid attention to the possibility of using "100" not only as a high-altitude fighter, but dive bomber. Flight testing of the machine as a fighter began 22 December 1939 g. Test pilot rm. Stefanovsky first lifted into the air. During the tests was not without trouble, in one of the flight has not released skiing, and the car had to put "on the belly". spring 1940 g. began testing a backup "100" aircraft, which is slightly different from the first instance. It provides not only the outer suspension 1000 kg bombs, but also internal (to 600 kg). In the second flight of the fire plane crashed and was not tested.
Technical advice offered to VM. Petlyakova remake of "100" in a more promising for the Air Force version of the dive bomber. In July 1940 g. It issued a decree on the plane start to the series at two plants. In December, the first bomber version was submitted for testing. The aircraft differed from the "100" prototype: it has no pressurized cabin, navigator placed in a cockpit with the pilot, strengthened the defensive armament, TK removed, under the wing put brake lattice. Plane Pe-2 (this designation he received after the death of VM. Petlyakova) because of the extremely tight deadlines, released its creation and testing, I had serious flaws. Due to insufficient high wing aircraft bearing properties different piloting and landing complex. There was very strong reaction on the roll when the slip occurs,. When you stop one of the engines of the car so sharply reacted roll, sometimes provided on the back before, than the pilot time to take action. Despite these shortcomings, Pe-2 was very effective weapon, and the only dive-serial frontline bombers.
Performance characteristics of Pe-2
– chief designer: Petlyakov, Vladimir Mikhailovich
– First flight: 22 December 1939 of the year (RS-100)
– End of operation: 1954 year (Yugoslavia)
– years of production: 1940 — 1945
– units produced: 11 247
Crew Pe-2
– 3 man (pilot, navigator, Gunner)
Dimensions Pe-2
– Length: 12,66 m
– Wingspan: 17,13 m
– Height: 3,925 m
– wing area: 40,5 m²
– Wing loading: 185 kg / m
– Ratio Wing elongation: 7,25
– The mean aerodynamic chord: 2,65 m
– The base chassis: 6,63 m
– track chassis: 4,72 m
All Pe-2
– empty weight: 5 840 kg
– Normal takeoff weight: 7 550 kg
– Maximum takeoff weight: 8 500 kg
– Volume of fuel tanks 1 484 l
Engine Pe-2
– 2 Liquid × M-105
– engine power: 2 × 1100 l. from. (2 × 809 kW)
– thrust-to-weight ratio: 204 W / kg (3,6 kg / l. from.)
– Air propeller: trёhlopastnыe em-61B
The rate of Pe-2
– Maximum speed at height: 540 km / h on 5100 m
– Maximum speed at ground: 452 kmh
– Skoropodъёmnost: 9,8 m / s (Rasco.)
– set the height: 5000 M 8,5 min.
Flight range Pe-2
– 1200 km
Practical ceiling Pe-2
– 8700 m
Arming Pe-2
Small-pushechnoe:
– 2 × 7,62 mm machine gun in the bow ShKAS (in the later series - 1 × 7,62 mm and ShKAS 1 × 12,7 mm UX). On some aircraft early series established 4 guides for rockets.
– 2 × 7,62 mm ShKAS at arrow navigator and. Since the mid 1942 year defensive armament included 2 UB machine gun and one ShKAS. On some aircraft early series established 2 guide missiles to fire back. The aircraft later series were equipped with the installation of DAG-10 for resetting grenades AG-2.
combat load: to 1000 kg (600 kg bombootseke) (although in the form of suspended experiment one FAB-1000 and up to four FAB-500).
– 10 × 100 kg bombs or
– 4 × 250 kg bombs or
– 2 × 500 kg bombs (on the external sling)
Photo IIe-2
