The history of this famous aircraft under the designation Li-2 began in the early 1930s. not in our country, and in the US. In an atmosphere of general confusion Designer D. Douglas surprised many suggested the company "North American" your project transport aircraft. The new aircraft has caused increased interest of the customer. After receiving the DS-1 designation (Douglas Commercial, First), he made the first flight 1 July 1933 g. Aircraft, established the 19 national and world records, in the series did not go. His place on the assembly line took an advanced DC-2. The layout of the aircraft altered more than ten times.
Plane Li-2 – video
The designers have brought the DC-2 to such perfection, that the plane itself just changed all the rules and standards, applicable to the American lines of air communication. The plane quickly launched into a series of, and soon these machines appeared on American Airlines. 22 December 1935 g. the sky a new aircraft rose, DS-3, equipped with more powerful engines and has a seating capacity of more. The effectiveness of the new machines was so high, it two years literally conquer the world. Already in 1938 g. CP-3 was performed 95% all commercial traffic in the US. They operated in 30 countries. The license for their production have acquired Netherlands, Japan and the USSR. In this case, the Dutch firm "Fokker" is actually engaged in the sale of these aircraft in Europe.
By agreement with the "Douglas" by the company to become familiar with its design, the Soviet delegation to various plants has been directed. The DC-3 of our country, under the designation PS-84 (passenger aircraft factory number 84), It was produced at the plant number 84 Khimki. Serial production was entrusted to one of the leading Soviet specialists, VP. Lisunov. By February 1939 g. All materials were obtained according to the technology, as well as all the ordered materials and semi-finished products. Under the contract the company "Douglas" was to build an exemplary instance of the DC-3 aircraft. The company also handed drawings, translated into the metric measure, and in Russian. The plant № 84 work has been done on the revision of drawings of the company taking into account the adopted we tolerances and landings, standards and normals. Besides, carried out under the recast our electricity, radio- and navigation equipment. The first domestic version of the DC-3 aircraft with engines M-62IR was built to 7 November 1938 g. The first machine was built entirely of American grazed parts. After a short and successful factory and state tests the aircraft was recommended in a series. The difficulty in the deployment of the PS-84 aircraft production due to the fact, that the plant was used as a repair, I had weak engineers and workers.
The first PS-84 Aeroflot reached the line 1940 g. On international routes flying airplanes DC-3 American production. The machine is calculated on transportation 21 passenger. Reviews pilots, airlines serving, They were very good. This aircraft could fly and one engine. In piloting the aircraft was though not quite perfect, but still quite simple and enjoyable. Created several variants of this aircraft, including health, transport and landing. During the war, the Soviet Air Force received about 2000 Li-2, Besides, about 700 DC-3 we received under Lend-Lease. Since the beginning of the war the factory number 84 He was evacuated to Tashkent. Li-2 aircraft have actively participated in the Great Patriotic War.
17 September 1942 g. on the basis of the order № 72 PS-84 aircraft was renamed the Li-2 (Lisunov-2). The appearance of this name is somewhat unusual. VP. Lisunov in 1942 g. He was the chief engineer of the plant number 84 and the design of the aircraft PS-84 had nothing to do. After all, the name given by the first letters of the names of the designer. If you follow the logic of events, the name of the aircraft, Produced in September 1942 city, It should have been "CE-2" (Senkov-2), while the chief designer of the plant number 84.
Li-2 modifications
PS-84 – The main goal was aircraft passenger PS-84 (Li-2P) (passenger plane) with 14-28 seating. Distinctions of the DC-3: smaller wingspan, less weight unladen, side door on the right side and less powerful engines.
Li-2 – Military transport aircraft with an additional weapon for protection (name with 17 September 1942).
Li-2E – Version LI-2 reset parachutists (1942), one 12,7 mm (sometimes 7,62 mm or ganged) defense gun in the upper part of the fuselage.
Li-2VV – version bomber (military Option) Li-2 (1942), 4 FAB-250 × (1 t) or 2 × 500 + FAB-2hFAB-250 (1,5 t) or the transshipment - 4 FAB-500 × (2 t), one defensive gun at the top of the fuselage and two 7,62 defensive mm machine gun in the rear side of the fuselage.
Li-2B – aircraft version for weather observation, for greater heights (1956), with engines ASH-62IR, equipped with turbochargers TC-19 and screws 7NE AV-161.
Li-2P – Postwar passenger version (1945). The cabin was set on 15 to 24 passenger seats, I had a toilet and luggage compartment. Main door began to open out, as in the pre-war SS-84.
Li-2T – Postwar transport modification (1945). Just a few staff of aircraft have been collected on the basis of Li-2T with a conference table and armchairs around it.
On-3 – Li-2 with the original DC-motor type 3 Pratt & Whitney R-1830.
Li-2T(sb) – Training bombers based Li-2.
The performance characteristics of Li-2
– developer: Boris Pavlovich Lysunov, Chief Engineer
– Getting Started: 1942 year
– years of production: 1939—1953
– units produced: 16 157
Dimensions Li-2
– Length, m: 19,66
– Wingspan, m: 28,81
– The height of the tail, m: 5,16
– wing area, m²: 91,7
Engine Li-2
– Two M-62IR
– Power: 2kh1000. from.
Speed Li-2
– full speed, kmh: 320
– Cruising speed, kmh: 290
Flight range of Li-2
– 2560 km
Practical ceiling Li-2
– 7350 m
Weight Li-2
– takeoff weight, kg: 7700
– Max. takeoff weight, kg: 10500
Arming the Li-2
– one 12,7 mm (sometimes 7,62 mm or ganged) defense gun in the upper part of the fuselage (Version LI-2 reset parachutists)
– 4 FAB-250 × (1 t) or 2 × 500 + FAB-2hFAB-250 (1,5 t) or the transshipment - 4 FAB-500 × (2 t), one defensive gun at the top of the fuselage and two 7,62 defensive mm machine gun in the rear side of the fuselage (Lee-bomber version 2VV)
Photo Li-2
