SAM M-1 "Wave" (4K90) – anti-aircraft missile complex shipborne

Development of the first domestic SAM M-1 "Wave" (4K90) projects for ships 61 and 63 was launched by the USSR Decree of 17.08.1956g №1149-592. But by order number 1190-610 from 25 August of the same year it was decided to put the M-1 project ships 58 and 62. Ship universal complex M-1 many of the elements was unified to land S-125. So, both sets have the same rocket (B-600, B-601).

SAM M-1 "Wave" – video

chief designer “waves” It was I.A.Ignatev (Institute "Altair" – WSR), and chief designer of the rocket V-600 - PD. Grushin (ICD "Torch" – MAP). CM Resolution number 889-382 by 24.08.62g. Complex M-1 missile V-600 was adopted by the Navy. Later, the complex M-1 was designated “Wave”, and missile B-600 – unclassified index 4K90.

To hit targets, flying at altitudes above 10 km, CM Resolution number 561-233 by 21.06.61g. work has begun on the rocket B-601 to land S-125. After a series of tests, the missile V-601 (4K91) at 1964 year was adopted by the Army. In the same year it was decided to equip this complex missile and M-1. first 7 The ship was 601-for 1967 of the year.

When upgrading chelate SAM main improvement concerns the control apparatus itself and SAMs. SAM missile B-601 was called "Wave-M", missile B-611 - "Wave 11", The missile-601M - "Wave-H",Heavily pomehozaschischennostyu- "Wave-P". Complex "Wave-P" was adopted in 1976 year. His immunity provides improved noise immunity radio missile control and the introduction of optic-electronics control channel target tracking system (TV 9SHZZ). In the 1980s, the complex "The Wave" was called shock (UZRK) and allows you to fire missiles at surface targets.

subsequently,, when faced with the problem of protection of ships against low-RCC, It was another major modernization of the (“Wool-N”) using B-601M rocket, providing a defeat at the height of the target 3-5 meters above the crest of a wave. Despite some shortcomings, Complex M-1 was generally successful and widely used in the Russian Navy.

COMPOSITION.
Launchers placed on the superstructure roof in the nose (area 52.5-nm it.) and stern (area 204.5-nm it.). Installing Mill-101(cm. projections) represented paired, an open, stable installation type column book-rests with the lower suspension two missiles on two guide beams. Cellar rocket ammunition (№ 4 - bow, № 8 - stern) with drum storage system missiles had two vertical drum eight surface-to-air missile (developing countries) each. On the loading line fed rocket drum rotated by an angle of 45 °, and mechanical loading carried rammer chain-pusher. Electric actuator (ICC-101) and remote control provides operation launcher. Standard equipment missile cellar - 15 combat and 1 training missile. Serial production of PU ZIF-101 has been adjusted in the factory “barricades” in Volgograd.

Following the PU ZIF-101 twin plant ZIF-102 was created. The principal difference between the new PU was feeding conveyor-type missiles, instead of the drum. As a result, one launcher ammunition increased from 16 to 32 missiles. All M-1 with PU ZIF-101 complex was armed 20 ships pr.61, 61 M and 61 MP (one for Poland); 4 ship pr.58; one pr.56K; 8 pr.56A; and 5 ships pr.61ME (built for India). Complex M-1 to PU-102 received InvFG 4 ship, etc.. 1134; three – project 56U; and eight – project 57A.

MISSILES.

In-Launch 600 and its more recent versions are two-stage solid propellant rocket motors from, formed on the aerodynamic configuration “duck”. The first stage is provided with four openable after start stabilizers and powder jet (EP-36). DDA-36 armored 14 single-channel cylindrical gunpowder checkers (of gunpowder mark IMP-ZK) total weight 280 kg. The engine of the second stage fused one piece weight 125 kg, brand powder HM 4SH. High-explosive warhead 4G-90 equipped with ready submunitions. The total weight of the warhead – 60 kg, of them 32-33 kg – Alloy wt trinitrotoluene and hexogen. fuze “strait”(5E15) It works on slips up 58 m. Warhead 4G-90 gives 3560 – 3570 fragments of an average weight of about 5.4 g. Response time is self-killer 26 from.

In-Launch 601 differs from 600 only in-flight engine structure and had a new warhead. new checker installed in boosters weight 150 kg of the powder brands “301”-. The new warhead was developed 5B18 NII-6. On tests she gave some 4500 fragments weighing 4,72 – 4,79kg. The new warhead provided target destruction probability 0.75 – 0.90 on Oversight 20 m and the probability 0.6 on Oversight 25-47 m. To install missile B-601 PU-101 mill required improvement in the part mounting marching rocket. Besides, some modernization undergone control system “scimitar”.

When launching the first rocket (starting) stage operates within 5 from, developing cravings 30 t, and the second (marshevaя) - about 22 from, developing cravings 3 t. missile guidance method – optimal straightening and covering the target. When shooting at low-flying targets is added to this guidance method “hill”.

fire control system “scimitar” It was developed in NII-10 SERC, and the apparatus drives the antenna post - in the CRI-173. System “scimitar” It represents a set of instruments and devices, providing receiving and targeting of shipboard radar detection station, target tracking and missile on a trajectory, prelaunch preparation and launch rockets, production control commands for the missile guidance to the target. Missile guidance was carried out along the line of radar until the operation of the radar fuze. The disadvantage of this radio command system - its single-channel, as well as a sharp decline in the accuracy of shooting with increasing distance to the target.

Each antenna post system “scimitar” I had five antennas. Two small antennas was carried out so-called "rough" tip missiles at the target, one antenna to function as a radio operator commands, and was accompanied by two large target and more accurate conclusions on her rocket. Before hitting a single target with a second fight, third, etc.. objectives can not be.

Antenna post control radar “scimitar” SAM M-1 "Wave"

TESTING AND OPERATION.
Mine life of the complex M-1 ahead of the deadlines for the lead ship pr.61 serial number 1701 ( SCR-25 9.10.62g. “Ukraine Komsomolets”) – so the order of the USSR Council of Ministers № 2110 from 30.07.1959g. joint tests M-1 were transferred to the rocket ship “Gallant” pr.56K. tests for “lock” It took place in two stages – with 5.01.62g. by 12.03.62g. and 12.03.62g. by 30.04.62 of the year. During the tests mentioned, that the exit time “scimitar” from a cold position was 5 minutes , range of target tracking “scimitar” was 42 km capture probability 50% and 36 km with a probability 80%. Limits range missiles were 15 km, response time self-killer – 26 seconds.

Projections of ZIF-PU SAM 101 M-1 "Wave"

During complex tests were shot down six aircraft target MiG-15M, flying at an altitude of 0,6 to 10 km, while mistakes were from missiles 9 to 48 m. According to the commission, the probability of hitting the aircraft on Oversight 20 m. is 0,9, on Oversight and 40 m – 0,4-0,6. Complex M-1 can hit targets, flying at a speed of up to 600 m / s. The goal is to maneuver at an altitude of 4 km with an overload 3 – 4 g, and at high altitudes – to 2 – 3 g. The speed of the ship running at start-up can be 36 knots. shooting with “well done” at surface targets has not been.
The results of tests on “lock” complex SAM M-1 has been recommended to the adoption.

Performance characteristics SAM M-1 "Wave"

Photo 1 M-SAM "Wave" in the BOD "Red Caucasus"

The rocket The SAM-601 M-1 "Wave"

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