AN-225 Mrija ' (Ukrainian. Mriya: "Dream") - a Soviet transport plane jet ultra-duty design bureau to them. ABOUT. TO. Antonova. One of the biggest and lifting planes in the world.
AN-225 Mrija – video
The aircraft was designed and built in the Soviet Union at the Kiev Mechanical Plant (Project Manager - The. AND. Tolmachev) in the years 1984-1988. The first flight was committed 21 December 1988 of the year. Initially, the two cars were laid, currently one copy is in lotnom maintained and operated by the Ukrainian company Antonov Airlines.
History of creation
The reason for the construction of An-225 was the need to establish the air transport system for the project reusable "Buran" space shuttle. The main purpose of the heavy transport aircraft in the framework of this project was to transport the various components of the launch vehicle and spacecraft from the place of production and assembly to the launch site. There was also an important task of the delivery of the space shuttle to the launch site in the event of a landing it on alternate aerodromes.
Besides, intended use of the AN-225 as the first stage air launch of the spacecraft system, which required the aircraft carrying capacity of not less than 250 tonnes.
Since the "Energy" and himself "Buran" blocks launcher had dimensions, exceeds the size of the cargo compartment An-225, on a plane provided mounting external goods. The presence of a slipstream from the fixed top of bulky cargo fuselage required to replace the single-fin tail unit AN-124 two-keel, to avoid its aerodynamic shadowing.
In this way, AN-225 designed as plane, designed for a narrow range of quite unique transportation problems, but the use of AN-124 as the base gave him certain quality universal transport aircraft.
Often mistaken point P. AT. Balabueva chief designer. Balabuev was the chief designer of all KB in 1984-2005 years. A chief designer, project manager decision of the Council of Ministers of the USSR was appointed in. AND. Tolmachev.
AN-225 on air show Farnborough, 1990 year
Features and Benefits
The aircraft is able to:
– multi-purpose cargo transportation (oversized, heavy, lengthy) to total weight 250 t;
– nonstop inland transportation of goods weighing 180-200 m;
– intercontinental transport loads up 150 t;
– transportation of large heavy weight up Monocargo 200 m outside the fuselage;
– plane is the base for the creation of aerospace systems (project).
The aircraft has a spacious cargo cabin, which can carry various loads inside the fuselage, eg:
– 16 ten-purpose aircraft containers VAR-10;
– 50 cars;
– Monocargo weighing up 200 t (turbines, generators, dump trucks "BelAZ", "Komac", "Euclid", etc.. P.).
Planting An-225 "Mriya" with the space shuttle "Buran" at Le Bourget
Technical description
AN-225 is a turbofan shestimotorny vysokoplan swept wing and empennage two-keel. Equipped with six aircraft engines D-18 of production of JSC "Motor Sich" Development Design Bureau "Progress". academician. D. Ivchenko.
The dimensions of the cargo compartment: length - 43 m, width - 6,4 m, height - 4,4 m. The cargo compartment of the aircraft is tight, which greatly expands its transport capacity. Above the cargo compartment on the 2nd deck - a cabin for six people and a relief crew 88 human, accompanying the goods.
Onboard complex loading equipment, as well as the design of the front cargo door ramp provides quick and easy loading and unloading. The aircraft is capable of carrying loads on the fuselage unique, dimensions of which do not allow to place them on other land and air vehicles. To install these loads on the fuselage has a special mounting system.
Aircraft AN-225 "Mriya" has a greater degree of continuity of Unification and Systems, units, units and parts of the airframe, power plant and equipment with a certified aircraft An-124-100 ("Ruslan"). The main differences from the AN-124:
– a new center section;
– increasing the length of the fuselage due to insertions;
– Replacement tail on dvuhkilevoe;
– no tail cargo door;
– increasing the number of main landing gear;
– attachment and boost external cargo system;
– two additional engine.
Cooperation in creating the AN-225
Data source: memoirs Anatoly Vovnyanko, One of the constructors AN-225 aircraft.
"…AT 1985 year of the Politburo, it was decided on the deployment of work on the construction of the aircraft AN-225, and it was necessary to expand the work as KMZ, and the scale of the Ministry of Aviation Industry (MAP)…
... All factories, involved in cooperation and supply components, It was very heavy, hard work, because the deadlines were very hard ...
…In building, construction, flight test and certification directly and indirectly, hundreds of thousands of scientists involved, constructors, engineers, military, pilots, workers and other professionals of the former USSR ... They all bow low and thank you so much!»
Below are just some of the major companies-participants of creation of the AN-225:
Kyiv Mechanical Plant (PEI) / OKB im. ABOUT. TO. Antonova
Design: basic design work on the aircraft.
Production: most of the new sites, small parts of the fuselage and parts of systems, fairings and fairings, the nose of the center section and other.
Assembly: assembly of the fuselage in the stocks, the general assembly of the aircraft.
Other works: all work after the assembly.
"Ulyanovsk aviation-industrial complex" (UAPK)
Production: new large power milled frames, nizinki and brackets fuselage, some serial or parts of aircraft.
"Tashkent Aircraft Production Association named in. P. Chkalov " (TAPOiC)
Production: new central part of the wing with flaps and end (detachable) the wings - the serial console of the An-124.
"Kiev Aviation Production Association" (Kiapo)
Production: forward fuselage, fixing the front landing gear, new horizontal and vertical tail, pylons and engine cowlings, Ball screw mechanisms for the front fuselage racks and other.
"Moscow Institute of Electromechanics and Automation" (MIEA)
Design: a new set of navigation equipment A-825 modernized (manage complex plane A-825m)
Production: manage complex plane A-825m.
"Zaporozhye Engine Plant" (Engine plant number 29)
Production: The engine serial D-18T.
"Gidromash"
Design: New aircraft landing gear
Production: aircraft undercarriage.
"Voronezh Aircraft Plant"
Painting: Specialized coating with polyurethane paint (Kiev attracted specialists from Voronezh)
Exploitation
First took to the sky 21 December 1988 of the year. While, that the aircraft was created in the USSR for transportation of the components of carrier rockets, "energy" and "Buran" space shuttle, the time of completion of the first AN-225 were all necessary transport plane made VM-T "Atlas", and the program "Buran" AN-225 participated, Only having transported "Buran" at the Paris Air Show in May 1989 year and made several demonstration flights at Baikonur in April 1991 of the year.
After the collapse of the USSR the only instance of a flying airplane in 1994 He was stopped flights, against him were dropped engines and other equipment for use in "Ruslan". However, by the 2000s the need for it became apparent, and it was restored forces of Ukrainian enterprises. Also airliner was again amended, to meet the standards of aircraft for civil aviation.
23 May 2001 year type certificates have been issued for the An-225 "Mriya" Aviation Register of the Interstate Aviation Committee (AR MAK) and the State Department of Aviation Transport of Ukraine ("Ukraviatrans"), which allowed to start commercial use of aircraft as a cargo carrier.
Currently, the An-225 performs commercial shipping as a part of the air transport division ASTC. ABOUT. TO. Antonova - airline Antonov Airlines. design work on the use of the aircraft also carried out as a flying launch facility for aerospace systems. One of the most promising projects - the Russian-Ukrainian multipurpose aerospace system (MAX).
Since 10 by 15 May 2016 year, "Mriya" has made the flight from Ukraine to Australia, having made along the way 4 intermediate landing - at the airport named after Vaclav Havel (Prague, Czech Republic), Turkmenbashi airport (Turkmenbashi, Turkmenistan), Airport Rajiv Gandhi (Hyderabad, India) and KLIA (Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia). 15 May the plane landed at the airport in the Australian city of Perth. flight distance was over 15,5 thousands of kilometers. His load was 117-ton generator Brush SEM firms 14 November 2016 , the "Mriya" landed in the Brazilian airport Viracopos / Campinas airplane delivered in Santiago, manufactured in Brazil by ABB electric turbines weighing 155 tonnes (the total weight of the cargo - 182 tons), which is a record for South America. 27 November 2016 year, "Mriya" has returned to Ukraine.
AN-225 chassis
records
AN-225 is the heaviest cargo aircraft, ever levitate. The only plane, superior AN-225 spanwise, This Hughes H-4 Hercules, which belongs to a class of flying boats and climbed up into the air just once in 1947 year. AT 2017 g. in the United States it was represented by the largest transport aircraft dvuhfyuzelyazhny Scaled Composites Stratolaunch Model 351, superior AN-225 and Hughes H-4 Hercules spanwise wing (117 m.), however, preliminary data on inferior "Mrii" at the maximum takeoff weight and capacity (first flight is planned for Stratolaunch 2019 city)
The plane "Mriya" has set a number of world records takeoff weight and payload capacity. 22 Martha 1989 , the An-225 made a flight with a cargo 156,3 tons, in which one hundred and ten world records were beaten at the same time. Such an achievement - a record in itself. In August 2004 It has been a new record - "Mriya" has transported two hundred and fifty tons of specialized equipment ordered by Zeromax GmbH from Prague to Tashkent with a stopover in Samara.
In August 2009 , the plane was brought in a Guinness Book of Records for the biggest transportation in aviation history Monocargo weighing 187,6 tons. It was the weight of the generator 174 tons, which was transported along with a special frame of the German Frankfurt to Yerevan for the new Armenian power plant (cm. Discovery Science, program "Special Forces" heavy machinery "").
"Mriya" an absolute record belongs to duty - 253,8 tons.
10 June 2010 Year transported very long loads in the history of air transportation - two windmill blade length 42,1 meters each. In November 2016 of the year (cm. higher) a record for South America's weight was taken - turbine generator in a special design with a total weight 182 tons.
In total, the plane - the owner of about two hundred and fifty world records.
The second copy of AN-225
AN-225 aircraft second copy ready approximately 70 %. It was planned to finish at the "Antonov" with the availability of funding. Since Soviet times were the center section, fuselage and wing. This machine can be completed, if the customer will.
AT 2006 , the Director General of the Kiev plant "Aviant" said Oleg Shevchenko, that the completion of construction of the AN-225 required amount, approximately equal 90 $ millions. USA; along with aircraft carrying amount of the test was to 120 $ millions.
30 August 2016 year Chinese company Aerospace Industry Corporation of China (AICC) and the Ukrainian state enterprise "Antonov" have signed an agreement of intent, which provides for completion and upgrading the second copy of AN-225, followed by its transfer to China.
Performance characteristics of AN-225 Mrija
AN-225 crew
– 6 human
The dimensions of the An-225
– Wingspan, m: 88,4
– Length, m: 84
– Height, m: 18,2
– wing area, m²: 905
Weight AN-225
– Weight of the empty plane, kg: 250 000
– Weight maximum takeoff, kg: 640 000
– fuel weight, normal, kg: 300 000
Speed AN-225
– Cruising speed, kmh: 850
– Link neforsazhnaya, кH: 1377
The range filter AN-225
– practical, km: 15 400
– Practical to load 200 tonnes, km: 4000
– Service ceiling, m: 12 000
Weight AN-225
– Up to 250 000 kg
An engine-225
– engine's type: Turbofan
– Model: "D-18"
– engine weight, kg: 6 × 4100
– overhaul period, no: 6000
– engine Dimensions: length 5400 mm, diameter 2330 mm
pull:
– take-off mode, kgf: 6 × 23 430
– cRUISE, kgf: 6 × 4860
Consumption Fuel AN-225
– Specific fuel consumption CRUISE, kg/kg·h: 0,57-0,63
– Specific fuel consumption takeoff mode, kg/kg·h: 0,34
Photo AN-225 Mrija
Cabin AN-225 Mrija
Moving AN-225 Mrija
AN-225 open gruzolyukom night