122-mm howitzer M-30, also known in the West under the designation M1938, - it is resistant veteran. It was developed in 1938 year, and the following year began its industrial production. Releases thousands and are widely used in combat during World War II. M-30, virtually unchanged, still widespread in many countries of the CIS and other countries, although currently in many armies, it is used only for educational purposes, or transferred to the reserve.
Howitzer M-30 – video
Although the production of M-30 in CIS countries has ceased some years ago, Howitzer still produced in China under the designation 122-mm howitzer type 54 or Type 54-1 - the last modification has several structural differences, due to the peculiarities of local technologies.
In general, 122mm howitzer M-30 has a classical structure: robust and reliable carriage dvuhstaninny, rigidly mounted shield with liftable central sheet, and barrel length 23 caliber without a muzzle brake. The gun is equipped with the same gun carriage, as 152mm howitzer D-1 (M1943). Large diameter wheels are equipped with integral ramps, filled with spongy rubber, but modification of M-30, Produced in Bulgaria, It has another wheel design. Each gun has two different types of openers - for hard and soft soil.
At one time, M-30 howitzer has main arms self-propelled artillery SU-122, created on the chassis of the T-34, but at present such facilities are no more in any army. China has so far produced such a self-propelled artillery: howitzer Type 54-1 mounted on the chassis of armored type 531.
The main type of ammunition Howitzer M-30 is a high-performance fragmentation projectile, weighing 21,76 kg. having a range of up to 11 800 m. For combating armored targets can theoretically be used cumulative piercing projectile BP-463, capable of a maximum distance direct shot 630 meters thick to penetrate armor 200 mm, but now such munitions are not used.
The performance characteristics of M-30 howitzer
| Crew | 8 human |
| Full combat weight | 2450 kg |
| barrel length | 2,8 m |
| gun Overall length stowed position |
5,9 m |
| The width of the tools in the stowed position |
1,975 m |
| Maximum range | 11 800 m |
| The initial velocity of the projectile | 515 m / s |
| The mass of the projectile | 21,76 kg |
| The maximum angle of declination / exaltation, city. |
—3/+63.5 |
| angle horizontal guidance, city. |
49 |
| rate of, rounds / min | 5-6 |
Photo Howitzer M-30 on the streets of Berlin
Calculation Soviet 122 mm M-30 howitzer is fighting against the enemy tanks. On the bed lay dead gunner.
