military experts
EnglishРусский中文(简体)FrançaisEspañol
Set as default language
 Edit Translation

I-16 Ishak

 I-16 Ishak Dimensions. Engine. The weight. story. Range of flight. Service ceiling

Aircraft, It became a landmark not only for the Soviet, but also for the global aviation, It was designed under the guidance of the "king of fighters" H. Polikarpova. I-16, the world's first serial fighter with retractable landing gear. This mixed construction nizkoplan had a relatively short fuselage shape, close to a teardrop (which corresponded to the then notions of aerodynamics). To improve the maneuverability of the I-16 deliberately designed not sufficiently stable (the center of gravity coincides with the aerodynamic focus) and ultimately, the reduction in size (which provided small inertia moments around all axes).

Fighter I-16 – video

Alas, a "minimalist" had a downside – the aircraft did not have significant reserves for modernization, there was no possibility of installing more powerful, and therefore, and heavier engines.
parallel built 2 prototypes at 9-tsilinrovye air-cooled engines: CDB-12 M-22 under (480 hp) and CDB-12bis under American "Wright", "Cyclone" the F2. The first of them came to the test 30 December 1933 city, and second – a few days later. Already in 1934 g. the aircraft was put into production at the plants number 39 in Moscow (where they built only 58 aircraft) and number 21 in Gorky and adopted by the Red Army Air Force. The total production
I-16 type 24 4-Guards regiment VVS Baltic Fleet at the airport Novaya Ladoga, Spring 1942 g. factory number 21, completed early 1941 city, exceeded 8500 units.

 I-16 Ishak Dimensions. Engine. The weight. story. Range of flight. Service ceiling

Combat use of I-16

In the second half of the 30-ies. "Ishachok" was one of the main Red Army Air Force combat aircraft. Combat debut cars-16 type 5 held in the fall 1936 g. in Spain, and in the spring 1938 g. joined-16 type 10. In total, Spain were 276 I-16 4 UTI-4. Yet 4 I-16 type 10 built at the plant in La Rabasa. 22 I-16 2 UTI-4 Stahl trofeyami frankistov; Besides, to 1941 g. they added two 30 I-16 at the factory in La Rabase. In Spain, the Air Force-16 operated to 1950 g.

Very broadly-16 were used in China – Only from October 1937 g. to September 1939 g. in this country did 216 such aircraft, and 1940-1944 gg. China has been collected 30 UTI-4. As in Spain, they fought and local pilots, and Soviet volunteers. Some Chinese-16 flied to 1944 g.

In the middle 1939 g. Soviet-16 types 10, 17, 18 He participated in the battles at Khalkhin-. It was here that I-16 first tested in combat missiles RS-82. In September 1939 g. shelves, armed with I-16, We took part in the Red Army campaign in Western Ukraine and Western Belarus. A very important role was played by the I-16 and in the Soviet-Finnish war -k its top 30 November 1939 g. It was concentrated at the borders near Finland 800 fighters, of them 410 "Donkey". characteristically, that the majority of sorties-16 was carried out for ground targets shturmovok. Most effective in this type of aircraft were cannon 17.

Trophy-16 were used in Finland – 1 aircraft of this type was introduced in the Air Force 1940 city, and more 5 – at 1942-1943 gg. Besides, in September 1941 g. Finnish Air Force ranks with one UTI-4.

 I-16 Ishak Dimensions. Engine. The weight. story. Range of flight. Service ceiling

On the eve of the German invasion of the USSR in the border districts there 57 İAP, fully or partially military-16. They had 1635 this type of aircraft, that was about 40 % Park fighter border districts. Yet 344 I-16 was in the Air Force of the Black Sea, Baltic and Northern fleets. Despite the surprise attack, namely shelves, armed-16 was the most active counter-already Luftwaffe at dawn 22 June sky over Brest achieved the first victories of the pilots 33rd IAP, and the 67th IAP Odessa district by the end of the day chalked 15 downed enemy aircraft. The first Heroes of the Soviet Union in World War II and became a pilot-16, shooting down enemy planes ramming – P. Kharitonov, FROM. Zdorovtsev, M. Zhukov. However, the Air Force Red Army losses were very significant – to 30 June at the front there were only 873 I-16, of them 99 needed repair. Nevertheless, "Donkey" continues to be one of the main types of Soviet fighters and actively exploited on all fronts and fleets, not only in 1941 city, but later.

 I-16 Ishak Dimensions. Engine. The weight. story. Range of flight. Service ceiling

for example, 13-IAP Baltic Fleet, covering the "Road of Life" across Lake Ladoga, from 12 March 13 April 1942 g. knocked down 54 enemy aircraft, losing only 2 I-16. Successfully he acted on I-16 and 72th (then the 2nd Guards) Mixed AP Air Force of the Northern Fleet, which fought B. Safonov.

To compensate for the loss had to send to the front planes of the early issues of schools and provision. So, at 1942 g. on the Kalinin Front fought the 728th IAP, armed-16 type 5. At the end 1941 g. on the Soviet-German front was about 240 I-16, and this amount is maintained at approximately the same level until the middle of 1942 g. probably, last mass-16s were used in May 1942 g. near Kharkov, where there were about 70 this type of aircraft. Much more "donkey" was in parts of the Anniversary of the Air Defense 1942 g. their number reached 350 units.

AT 1943 g. the number of I-16 in combat units has dropped dramatically – in the middle of the year on the front was only 42 such aircraft. Nearly three dozen exploited naval aviation (of them 21 – Air Baltic Fleet) and 143 – aviation Air Defense. By the end of the year on the front of the I-16 is almost gone. Only in the Far East, they operated until 1945 city, but in the war against Japan is no longer involved – lack of more modern machines.

Despite, By the beginning of World War II-16 I was already obsolete and could not fight on equal terms with the more modern enemy fighters, he played an important role in the battles of the initial period of war. Many famous Soviet aces later started his combat career on this monoplane Kurguzov.

 I-16 Ishak Dimensions. Engine. The weight. story. Range of flight. Service ceiling

Modification of the I-16

I-16 type 4 – M-22 motor. weaponry – 2 7,62mm wing guns ShKAS. constructed 555 machines: 50 at 1934 g. plant number 39 and 505 at 1934-1935 gg. plant number 21.

UTI-type 2 14 – Double training version with M-22 engine. AT 1935-1936 gg. plant number 21 constructed 45 aircraft.

I-16 type 5 – variant with the engine M-25A (licensed version of "Cyclone» F3). Armament similar to I-16 type 4. 109 aircraft received an additional 2 7,62-mm synchronous gun MF-1, 41 machine for aerobatic teams built without weapons. AT 1936-1938 gg. released 2695 aircraft.

I-16 type 12 – analog I-16 type 5 with power arms (2 20-mm cannon and ShVAK 2 ShKAS machine guns in the wings). AT 1937-1938 gg. constructed 22.

4 UTI-type 15 – Double unarmed training aircraft based on the airframe-16 type 5 with motor M-25A, and then M-25B. AT 1936-1941 gg. constructed 1846 machines.

I-16 type 10 – engine M-25B (750 hp). weaponry – 4 gun ShKAS (2 synchronous in the fuselage, 2 wing). AT 1938-1939 gg. released 934 such aircraft.

I-16 type 17 – analog I-16 type 10 the replacement wing guns 2 20-mm guns ShVAK. AT 1938-1939 gg. fabricated 341 car.

I-16 type 18 – engine M-62 (800 hp). weaponry – 4 gun ShKAS. AT 1939 g. released 177 units.

I-16 type 24 – M-63 motor (900 hp). weaponry – 4 gun ShKAS. AT 1939 g. fabricated 155; Besides, at 1940 g. produced more 760 aircraft-16 type 18 and type 24.

I-16 type 27 – gun option-16 type 18. AT 1939 g. released 59 units.

I-16 type 28 – gun option-16 type 24. AT 1939-1940 gg. released 293.

 I-16 Ishak Dimensions. Engine. The weight. story. Range of flight. Service ceiling

I-16 type 29 – final production version of the engine M-63. weaponry – 3 synchronous machine gun: 1 12,7-BS mm (ammunition 130-230 rounds) and 2 7,62-mm ShKAS (475 cartridges for the left and 500 -to the right). Under the wing provides for suspension 6 82-NAR mm RS-82. AT 19401941 gg. fabricated 650 aircraft.
In addition to these release machinery factory number 21, aircraft-16 produced a number of other enterprises. So, Novosibirsk plant number 153 at 1937-1941 gg. released 270 I-16 early models with M-25 engine, 19 I-16 type 24 and 907 UTI-4. factory number 458 in Rostov-on-Don (the outbreak of war evacuated in Baku) released only UTI-4, built in 1941-1942 gg. 439 aircraft. part of 83 machines, issued in 1942 city, produced in assault embodiment, known as type 15B. Such aircraft were armed 2 12,7-BK mm machine guns in the center section, and under the wing of the nodes have to pozveski 6 RS-82 2 50-kg aviabomb. Besides, 143 Aircraft-16 was delivered to the USSR 1941 g. aviasborochnogo with plant number 600 (Urumqi, China). In this way, volume of-16 exceeded 10 thousand. units, with approximately 1/3 He accounted for the training machines.

 I-16 Ishak Dimensions. Engine. The weight. story. Range of flight. Service ceiling

The performance characteristics of I-16

– chief designer: Nikolai Polikarpov
– First flight: 30 December 1933 of the year
– End of operation: 1944
– years of production: 1934-1942
– units produced: more 10 thousand

Crew-16

– 1 pilot

Engine-16

– M-63
– Power, hp: 1100

Dimensions-16

– Length, m: 6,13
– Wingspan, m: 9,004
– Height, m: 3,218
– wing area, m²: 14,5
– Wing loading, kg / m: 135

Weight-16

– Weight of the empty plane, kg: 1547
– Curb weight, kg: 1776
– Weight takeoff, kg: 1966
– Payload weight, kg: 419
– fuel weight, kg: 190

Speed-16

– Speed ​​at sea, kmh: 419
– Speed ​​at height 4480 m: 470 kmh
– landing speed, kmh: 131
– Skoropodъёmnost, m / s: 14,7
– Set 3000 m, min: 3,3
– Set 5000 m [5400 m], min: 5,8
– time bend, from: 16-17

Flight range-16

– 440 km

Practical ceiling-16

– 9800 m

Armament-16

Through screw guns: 1×БС, 2×ШКАС

Photo I-16

 I-16 Ishak Dimensions. Engine. The weight. story. Range of flight. Service ceiling

TB-3-4AM 34FRN-to-16 fighters to bomb suspension (link Vahmistrova)

 

                          
Chat in TELEGRAM:  t.me/+9Wotlf_WTEFkYmIy

Playmarket