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D-30 – towable howitzer caliber 122mm


		D-30 - towable howitzer caliber 122mm

122 mm towed howitzer D-30 was developed by Design Bureau. F. F.. Petrov on the artillery factory №9 in Sverdlovsk replacement 122 mm gaubitsы M-30, which was adopted by the Soviet Army shortly before the Second World War. In the early 60-ies of D-30 was adopted by the Army.

Buksiruemaya 122 mm howitzer D-30 – video

Howitzer D-30 consists of a trunk, recoil device, mast and sighting devices. The barrel consists of a pipe howitzer, two-slit muzzle brake, captures, and breech bolt. Barrel length approximately 38 calibres. A method for loading tools - hand-separate-case. Recoil device consists of a recuperator and brake sliding parts. Carriage comprises a cradle, upper machine, lower machine, balancing mechanism, drives the vertical and horizontal aiming, wheel travel, mechanisms for cushioning, mechanism for sea fastening tools. The design provides a howitzer gun carriage circular firing at angles of elevation of the barrel from -5 ° to + 18 ° and firing at elevations from -7 ° to + 70 °, when the breech is located in sectors between adjacent platens.


		D-30 - towable howitzer caliber 122mm

Sighting devices consist of a panoramic sight and telescopic sight. Trunk, cradle, recoil device and sighting device are shakes of the gun, which is rotationally driven relative to the barrel cradle trunnion axis at a tip of the barrel in a vertical plane. Rocks of the, the top machine with a battle shield and wheel swing, which counterbalances the drive mechanism and the rotational part to form crosstalk, which is rotationally driven about the axis of the upper pin combat machine at a tip of the barrel in the horizontal plane. The lower machine and the three supports to form a hydraulic jack fixed at the tip of the gun barrel.
Application of the new layout has greatly improved gun characteristics compared to the predecessor: the angle of elevation increased from the barrel 63,5 to 70 degrees, and the maximum range of fire increased from 11,8 to 15,3 km. All this combined with the mass of the projectile 21,7 kg makes it easy to destroy enemy targets nestled. Wedges with semi-automatic facilitated the work of calculating and allowed to increase the rate to 8 rounds per minute - against 6 shots predecessor, which had interrupted screw. The new layout of the barrel, When Rollback and recuperator brake located at the top, possible to reduce the height of the line of fire with 1200 to 900 mm. All this has reduced the height of the guns and facilitated its camouflage on the battlefield.


		D-30 - towable howitzer caliber 122mm

For shooting from the 122mm howitzer D-30 used high-explosive high-power shells 3OF56. The use of other types of munitions - anti-cumulative, flue, lighting, as well as propaganda leaflets. For D-30, and a special extended-range missiles have been developed, including high-explosive manufacturing ERFB Croatia, which can achieve maximum range 17 630 m. The use of rocket-assisted projectile can increase the range of up to 21 900 m. Ability to deliver D-30 high-explosive shell weight 21,76 kg range over 15 000 m - this is an excellent performance for a 122-mm howitzer weighing a little more than 3000 kg.
In howitzer D-30 applied torsion cushioning wheel levers. Bumping into obstacles, the wheels are turning levers, zakruchivaya torsionы. Thanks to elasticity of steel, torsion bar starts to spin and, like spring, the lever returns to its original position.


		D-30 - towable howitzer caliber 122mm

Very unusual way to transport guns. All three of the frame are interconnected and suspended to the trunk. The gun is pulled by the barrel via pivot device, attached to the muzzle. Application of a torsion suspension allowed to perform transportation of tools with high speed - maximum allowable speed on good roads of asphalt or concrete pavement is to 80 kmh. Howitzer also equips ski facility for transportation of deep snow. Shooting with a ski installation impossible. Relatively compact howitzers even allowed to carry out its dropping from the air - it provides for special platform.
Howitzer D-30 became one of the most common artillery systems in the armies of member states of the Warsaw Pact; Besides, it is widely exported and manufactured under license in some countries. The parts and units, was armed with D-30, its prized primarily for high reliability, ease of maintenance and high quality fire. Its current production in the CIS countries dropped.


		D-30 - towable howitzer caliber 122mm

Modifications D-30 were issued in China, the former Yugoslavia, Egypt, Iran, Iraq. After a relative improvement in relations with the Soviet Union on the basis of the license of the Soviet D-30 began to produce in Yugoslavia. There she received the name of D-30yu. Maximum range is specified equal 17 500 meters. In Iraq, the D-30 was produced under the designation of "Saddam", but its production dependent on imported parts. It has been applied and used in many military conflicts. Serious baptism of fire the D-30 took place during the war in Afghanistan, where howitzer used by a very active and well-proven.
On the basis of tools was created 122 mm self-propelled howitzer 2S1 "Carnation", D-30, which lent greater mobility and security. Another Soviet self-propelled gun with A-30 "on board" has become a 122-mm self-propelled guns 2C2 "Violet". In BMD-1 was used as its chassis.
In the USSR in one tank division was 36 system D-30 (in the regiment of two battalions of 18 implements with three batteries of six guns), and motorized infantry division – 72 (each motorized regiment had one division (18 guns), and artillery – two divisions). In the future, the number of guns in the battery increased to eight, and in each division to 24.


		D-30 - towable howitzer caliber 122mm

The performance characteristics of a howitzer D-30A (2A18M)

Weight, kg 3200 kg (in firing position)
Length, mm 5,4 m (in the stowed position)
barrel length, mm trunk: 38 calibres
Width, mm 1,9 m (in the stowed position)
Height, mm 1,6 m (in the stowed position)
Calculation, people. 6 human
Caliber, mm 122 mm
recoil device gidropnevmatičeskoe
carriage trohstaninny
elevation from -7 ° to + 70 °
rate of,
rounds / min
7-8 c / min.
Effective range, m 15 300 m
Maximum range, m 22000 m (rocket-assisted projectile)

Photo gaubitsы D-30


		D-30 - towable howitzer caliber 122mm


		D-30 - towable howitzer caliber 122mm

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