AND 10 – Best cannon armored vehicle of the Red Army during the Great Patriotic War, whose design embodied the whole experience, Izhora plant engineers gained over the pre-war decade. Like the previous machine BA-6, it was created on the chassis of a triaxial truck GAZ-AAA, However, the frame of the chassis was shortened by 200 mm in the middle section and cut to 400 mm at the rear.
Design
Non-driven front axle and provided intensified hydraulic shock absorbers, given rise to increased smooth running of the machine and, respectively, accuracy on the move. The headlights and the front wheel hub covered armored covers. central brake in the transmission was also applied, improved ventilation and cooling system for the engine compartment.
hulls, essentially, remained unchanged, and a conical tower, performed on BA-type 6M, improved placed 45 mm tank gun sample 1934 g. with ammunition 49 shots. Aiming the gun carried by a telescope and periscope sight. Like its predecessors, BA-10 to improve patency was equipped with removable tracks "OVERALL" and rotating spare wheels, installed on board the machine. In general, the armored car had quite good driving characteristics and can overcome rises to 24 ° and a ford deep 0,6 m.
Serial BA-10 began in the release 1938 year through August 1941 , the assembly lines of the plant abandoned 3311 Machines of this type. Some of them are equipped with radio 71 -TK-1 with the whip antenna. Some machines were made in the railway version and designated BA-10zhd. It should be noted, that armored vehicles, running on rails on the metal braces, not justified, because they do not have any advantages over conventional bronedrezinami with arms.
While the first armored cars BA-10 has yet mastered combat units of the Red Army, KB Izhora plant has modernized machine. Armored vehicle BA-10M differed reinforced armored front machine gun, improved steering, additional external fuel tanks and a new radio station 71 -TK-3. The combat weight of cars increased to 5,36 t, but its driving performance changed slightly.
In the pre years BA-10 is the most popular medium armored car Red Army. These machines were in service 7,8, and 9 motobronebryhad, and were part of the motorized and tank units of the NKVD. The intelligence units are gradually replaced outdated AD-3 and AD-6.
In the autumn 1939 , the armored cars BA-10 took part in the liberation of the western regions of Ukraine and Belarus, and then used in the fighting during the "winter war" with Finland. In the battles of World War II they were used to 1944 of the year, and in some units until the end of the war. for example, in May 1945 the year a number of BA-10 is responsible for protection of large staffs of military units of the Red Army.
In fighting the BA-10 armored cars, of course, could not replace the tanks. However, when used properly, they provide good support for the infantry. When in January 1943 breakthrough year began the siege of Leningrad, and began a fierce battle for the fortress Shlisselburg, success was achieved simultaneous attack from two sides 19 AND 10, suppress enemy firing points and vybivshih Germans from their positions.
Excluding the cost of the cannon and machine gun armament, tank periscope (PT-1) sample 1932 year and telescopic sight Top, Reservation radio broadcast BA-10M managed in 56 046 rub. 80 cop., and linear - in 48 946 rub. 80 cop..
Total produced for the years 1938-1941 3 413 units BA-10A armored vehicles and BA-10M, making it the most massive Soviet medium armored car.
modifications
There were two massive modifications:
– TO-10A
– BA-10M - Additional fuel tanks are located on the wheel housings shelves, at the stern has a special shelf for caterpillars.
Besides, created on the basis of armored reconnaissance bronedreziny (AND 10JD)
Service and combat use
The war with Japan
Baptism of fire armored cars BA-10 passed during the conflict in Khalkhin Gol. By the beginning of the fighting in the area of the BA-10 accounted for about half of the entire fleet of medium armored vehicles (203 units). They clashed at an early phase of the conflict. So, 20-25 June 3 rd Battalion 149 th Infantry Regiment, supported by armored vehicles Company 234th avtobronebatalona 8th motobronebrigady and Battery 175th Artillery Regiment, led the battle with the Japanese-Manchu parts of north-east Khalkhin Gol in Khalkhin Sume and Debden- Sume. The latter was already in the territory of Manchuria.
In the area of Debden-Sume, Soviet troops found the Japanese military camp, in which there were a battalion of Japanese, Manchurian cavalry regiment and two artillery batteries (75-mm field and 37-mm anti-tank guns). A fight broke out, during which the Japanese, having sat on the roofs of the barracks, fire pinned to the ground infantry 149 th Regiment.
However broneroty commander went to the rear of the enemy, I put armored cars and two 76-mm guns for direct fire and began to smash the Japanese barracks, which soon caught fire. The town rose panic, which both took advantage of our infantry to leave the battlefield. armored losses totaled three cars: dva-10 Odin-3. All these machines were knocked out and left in enemy territory. Another five BA-10 were damaged by enemy artillery fire.
Heavily armed Soviet armored allowed them almost equal to fight with the Japanese tanks. In this regard, the most successful act of the BA-10 from the 9 th motorized armored brigade. AT 12 noon 3 July 1939 , the position of the Soviet search on the east bank of the attacked 3 and 4th Japanese tank regiments, employs in its composition more 70 tanks. At the same time to 40 Japanese military vehicles entered the company positions the armored battalion of the 9th motorized armored brigade (12 AND 10), which first began to depart.
But appeared in time the brigade commander, Colonel C. Oleynikov company has been stopped and "put on the position of the tower put forward" (bronevyky stood on the dunes, on which it could be seen only by their towers). At this point, the Japanese tanks approached at a distance 800 – 1000 m and armored vehicles opened fire. As a result, two-hour battle was damaged and destroyed 9 tanks, at the same time get damaged, but remained in the ranks of six armored cars BA-10.
As a result of the fighting revealed:
1. The armored cars are an excellent anti-tank weapons in the defense on the ground, having half-closed position.
2. Firing Japanese tanks 57 mm fragmentation grenade (Japanese tanks half, participated in this attack were tanks Type 89, armed with 57-mm cannon Type 90 with a barrel length 14,9 caliber) on the armored car is not defeated them and has not justified itself.
3. Attack Japanese tanks without infantry and artillery preparation has not given them any results, except for losses in tanks.
4. Armor-piercing 45-mm grenade easily breaks 22 mm armor Japanese tanks.
5. If the defending infantry with armored cars and tanks, there is a probability mass attack, necessarily need to prepare for the part of the armored vehicles firing a semi-positions ".
TO 20 of July in parts of the 1st Army Group, there were 80 bronyeavtomobilyei AND 10. The general loss of machines of this type by the end of the operation amounted to 41 edïnïcw.
The final documents of the Soviet command was noted, that the greatest losses suffered by armored cars and anti-tank artillery "butylochnikov" (Japanese soldiers, Armed with bottles of gasoline) - to 90%. From bottles with gasoline and falling projectiles antitank guns almost all armored cars burn and this post can not be recovered.
The Great Patriotic War
During the summer campaign 1941 year medium armored car used very actively, and often, along with the tasks of exploration, Communications and outposts are often used to attack together with the infantry and support their units on the battlefield, It is leading to unnecessarily high losses. Nevertheless, if used, Soviet armored cars could successfully fight and German tanks. Here is one example.
AT 5.00 22 June 1941 the commander of a tank regiment of the 5th Armored Division 3rd Mechanized Corps, Colonel Bogdanov set the task to carry out reconnaissance platoon of 6 armored cars BA-10 First Lieutenant Surovceva. Machinery arrangement portion out from a 6.25. When approaching the little town of L. platoon commander organized in the woods, on both sides of the highway, ambush. Machine disguised as, that from a distance 200 meters it was difficult to notice.
AT 10.00 It seemed to a platoon of German motorcyclists, which were destroyed by the fire of the BA-10 from a distance of 200-300 m. Across 40 minutes on the road seemed light tank, move with greater speed. A Commander armored first shot from the gun lit it. after 7 minutes to wait even approached the bottom of the tank, which were also destroyed by the fire of AD 10. Ten minutes later, the place, where wrecked tanks and motorcycles were, liked column of 15 tanks and motorcyclists.
His sudden fire of AD 10 brought down 3 tanks and a large number of motorcycles, what forced the remaining German machines to turn back. On the approach to the little town of L, the main forces of the 7th Panzer Division, the 39th Panzer Corps Germans, platoon of lieutenant Surovtseva went to his. In this way, as a result of well-organized ambush 6 armored cars BA-10 was hit and killed 6 German tanks and a large number of motorcycles.
However, despite some cases of the successful use, in the first two months of the war the majority of medium armored vehicles of the border districts was lost.
In connection with the front approached directly to Izhorskij, manufacture of armored cars BA-10 in September 1941 , it was transferred to the Baltic Plant in Leningrad. At this enterprise of the remaining backlog Izhora plant produced several dozen armored vehicles, which made up for the loss of BA-10 and played a major role in the defense of Leningrad. They are actively used, and in breaking the blockade.
Southern front, Rostov-on-Don region, early March 1943 goda.Utrom 18 January 1943 year in an attack on Shlisselburg with the infantry moved Separate Reconnaissance Battalion under the command of L.Legezy. Whitewashed 19 BA-10 rushed forward, grinding snow wide Track OVERALL, worn on the rear wheels. TO 10 am fire three guns armored vehicles were destroyed, more guns and more 120 German soldiers. By noon, the city was taken.
In a small number of medium armored vehicles used in the central fronts in the decisive battle campaigns 1943 of the year. for example, in the newly formed 5th Guards Tank Army to 30 Martha 1943 , there were 12 BA-10 38th bronebatalone (apart from them in the battalion was 7 T-70 10 AND 64) and 17 BA-10 as part of the 53rd Motorized Brigade.
TO 10 June 1943 of the year, when the 5th Guards Tank Army was already a part of the Steppe Front, she had only 12 BA-10 38th bronebatalone. These machines were used in the fighting in the Belgorod sector and at Kharkov in July – August 1943 of the year.
On the eve of the Battle of Kursk – 1 July 1943 of the year – in tank units of the Voronezh Front was registered 8 BA-10 armored cars – by 3 as part of the 6th Guards Army and the 6th Tank Corps and 2 in "other parts of the front"
Single copies medium armored vehicles were in the armed forces until the end of the war in Europe. As a rule they were used in the companies protection front and army headquarters, as well as the commander of the machine and the machine connection in some parts of the tank and infantry. for example, as of 15 December 1944 , there were only a part of the troops of the 18th Army 6 armored vehicles – 5 TO-64 1 AND 10. And in parts of the 2nd Byelorussian Front to 14 April 1945 year there were still 14 pushechnыh bronevykov – 1 BA-10 in the 65-th army and 13 in the 19th Army (3 TO-10 3 BA-ZM 97-th company Protection Staff, 3 AD-10 132-m and 1 BA-10 40th Guards rifle housings).
Column bronevykov BA-10 1941, the USSR.
BA-10 in the Wehrmacht
The Wehrmacht BA-10 were designated Panzerspahwagen BA 203 Quite readily exploited embodiment Germans BA-10 Train, because when driving on tracks such lack of Soviet machine, as limited permeability, It did not matter. As part of the German armored train number 102 (Pz.Sp.Zug.102), eg, in August 1941 year there were four armored car BA-10 rail.
Completely burned BA-10. Ukraine, June 1941
BA-10 in the Finnish Army
During the Winter War, the Finns took ten armored cars BA-10. After the start of the so-called long war (so in Finland is officially referred to as the fighting against the Soviet Union in 1941-1944 years) their number has increased – as of 1 July 1943 years in the army had 24 Machines of this type. AT 1943 by armored cars were modernized – they set the engine "Ford» V-8 power 95 HP. As an educational two armored car BA-10 operated in the Finnish army until 1959 of the year. AT 1962 , one of the armored cars written off was converted into a self-propelled crane and under the designation BA-10N used in the technical center of the tank troops to 1978 of the year.
Armored cars BA-10 in Vyborg at the end of the war
Completion services
The final chord of the BA-10 was the Soviet-Japanese War 1945 of the year – the troops, standing in the Far East had a lot of tanks T-26, BT-7, bronyeavtomobilyei AND 10. All of this technique has been used successfully against the Japanese, and at the end of hostilities was donated by the Chinese Communists, who used it against the forces of Chiang Kai-shek. It is also used in the Korean War.
Performance characteristics of AD-10
Crew, pers.: 4
The layout: On the aft of the crew compartment
Manufacturer: Ižorskij Bureau
years of production: 1938—1941
years of operation: 1938—1945
The number of issued, PC.: 3413
10-Ves
– 5,1 tonnes
BA-10 Dimensions
– body Length, mm: 4450
– housing width, mm: 2100
– Height, mm: 2470
– base, mm: the front and middle axles – 2730 mm, bogie – 940 mm
– Clearance, mm: 230
Bumper AD-10
– Type broni: rolled steel
– housing forehead, mm / city.: 10
– body board, mm / city.: 10
– housing feed, mm / city.: 6—10
– Bottom, mm: 4
– corps roof, mm: 6
– tower forehead, mm / city.: 10
– board towers, mm / city.: 10
– tower feed, mm / city.: 10
– tower roof, mm: 6
Armament BA-10
– Caliber guns and stamp: 45-mm arr. 1938 g. (20TO)
– gun type: nareznaya
– barrel length, calibres: 46
– gun ammunition: 49
– sights: periscope PT-1, telescopic TOP
– Shotgun: 2 × 7,62-mm DT-29
BA-10 engine
– engine's type: inline 4-cylinder liquid-cooled Carburetor
– Engine power, l. from.: 50 at 2800 rev / min
BA-10 speed
– Road speed, kmh: 52
– Speed over rough terrain, kmh: 20
– Cruising on the highway, km: 260
– Cruising cross country, km: 200
– power density, l. p. / m: 9,8
– Kolёsnaya formula: 6 × 4
– suspension type: dependent on the leaf springs, with hydraulic shock absorbers
– Unit ground pressure, kg / cm²: 2,5
– Gradeability, city.: 20
– fording, m: 0,6
Photo AND 10
Armor car BA-10, 1940 year.
Soviet armored car BA-10 protects a British colony in Iran (Persia), 1941.
The crew of the armored cars BA-10 Sergeant Sergeant E.Endrekson V.Pershakov with his martial friend – ovcharkoy Dzhulybars.
British soldiers inspect BA-10M soviet armored car. Iran, summer 1941 of the year.
