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Type "Osetra" – submarines


		A type «Osyotr» - submarines

Submarine “paltus” type “Osetr”

The outbreak 26 January 1904 g. Russian-Japanese War and the subsequent loss of the Russian squadron from the Russian government demanded the urgent strengthening of the fleet. Along with the development of the construction of domestic submarines measures for the acquisition of submarines of foreign companies have been taken.

In April 1904 year in the New York mansion of a P. Flint, trades in international arms brokering, Since there was a meeting of the inventor. Leka and Russian naval attache. without bargaining, Attache discharged with. Leku check for 125 thousand. dollars and provided to puzzle over, how to smuggle from America “Protector”, Russia bought. cunning plan, designed with. Lekom, success is the best. Chartered by the ship “Fortuna” and floating crane met in open sea “Protector”, allegedly released to the test, and torrential rain hid from possible bystanders completion operations. The crane lifted the boat on board “Fortune”, and only then Lek announced his team: “We are going to Russia…”. So firms with. Leka submarine was purchased “Protector”, renamed “Osetr”, and signed a contract for the supply of five other similar boats, the first of which the company has committed to deliver for 5 months, and the rest 4 – across 7 months.
14 November 1902 g. in Bridgeport (Conn) Lake from the slipway created a small shipyard, submarine «Protector» went on the water, It is its third submarine. It was a long submarine 65 feet (19,8 m), diameter 11 feet (3,35 m), with a well-developed add-in (upper deck), in which there were fuel and oil tanks. Surface displacement was her 136 tonnes, full scuba – 174 tons, reserve buoyancy was 22%.

The submarine "Sig". The Baltic fleet.


		A type «Osyotr» - submarines

In the middle part of the hull was placed cutting the elliptical shape, provided with an input and an inspection hatch cap with portholes. cutting length was 10 feet (3,05 m), шири­на – 4 ft 8 inches (1,45 m), height with hood for observation 6 feet 5 inches (2,1 m). In the wheelhouse were the following control devices: periscope, handwheels vertical and horizontal rudders, machine telegraph, drives seachests ballast tanks, System flushing valves last, Various indicators and gauges, magnetic compass. Prismatic periscope diameter 6 inches (15,2 cm) He towered over logging on 5 feet (1,52 m). It can be rotated in all directions and draw on 2 feet into.
On the surface of the water boat speeds up to 8,5 knots, submerged up 5,6 knots. Cruising range on the surface reached 350 miles on 5 уз­лах, and under water 30 miles on 3 sites. The submarine was equipped with three-tube torpedo launchers – two in the bow and one at the rear. Bulkheads shared «Protector» into four compartments. The appointment of the first compartment remained the same, that the submarine "Argonaut" (an output device for divers). In the second compartment was located on the forecastle 6 human, with reclining beds type rail. Besides, there were the rear cover of the nasal torpedo tubes and cylinders of compressed air for them, and hold – Gould battery system (60 elements of the overall weight 30 tonnes). In third (MD) bay were two gasoline (kerosene) White motor system and Midleton power 120 HP. каж­дый, after them – Dila two electric power system 60 HP.

Submarine "Sturgeon", completion in St. Petersburg


		A type «Osyotr» - submarines

These engines run on two propeller shaft. There's also two water pumps were installed centrifugal action, driven by the main boat mechanisms. Exhaust pipe diameter 15 See towered above the deck on 10 feet (3,05 m). thanks to her,, «Protector» could go to the positional status under gasoline engines (sunk to the level of the cap visor control felling). Air is sucked in through a valve in the cap.
In the fourth compartment 10 to the cylindrical diameter cylinders 20 cm (they were called "manesmanovskimi pipes") He was a supply of compressed air, ibid – electric motors and steering mechanisms. FROM. Lake did not give up the idea of ​​moving the boat on the sea bottom, therefore, I supplied her with two small iron wheels (hollow inside), which under normal sailing cleaned in a special niche bottom. But here, the wheels were the only means of transportation, and the pushing force created propeller. The entire stock of gasoline (4920 l) I was in the superstructure, the internal space of the boat has been relieved of noxious fumes in the event of fuel leakage. on tests, held in July and November 1903 of the year, «Protector» showed good seaworthy. Despite this, command of the US Navy abandoned the acquisition of boats. Then Lake, after some adjustment, and sold it to Russia.

Submarine “Protector” (in "Sturgeon" future) 1901-1904 year


		A type «Osyotr» - submarines

Compared with a submarine “Osetr” (“Protector”) serial boats differed from the prototype – robust housing has been increased in length by 1,02 m in diameter at 0,08 m, resulting in an increase in displacement 25,0 cube. m, increased volume superstructure and formed some other improvements. Their displacement was 153/189 tonnes; length 22 m, maximum width 3,5 m. The power plant includes two petrol engines with a capacity of 120 HP. and two electric motors on 65 HP. Full speed on the surface has been 7,4 – 8,3 host, under the water 4,6 – 5 knots; cruising range 350 miles (on 5 sites) and 30 miles (for 3 nodes). Armament consisted of three 457-mm torpedo tube (two nasal devices had two spare torpedoes). The crew consisted of 12 human (of them 2 officer)(According to some sources – 24 man?). The main structural difference between this series podvodnyhlodok the prototype was that, that they do not have wheels for movement on the seabed.
Boats were built in the United States on one of the best shipyards “Newport News Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Company” and disassembled delivered to Libau, where the Ministry of Marine recommendations at a military port company has built temporary workshops for the assembly and installation of boats. Details of the first boats were brought to Libau to 8 November 1904 city, and the last – in March 1905 g. Due to the poor quality of delivered parts of the submarine hulls, According to the head of a team of submarines “Osetr” Lieutenant PK. Panyutin, in Libau boat had not collected, and build.

Russian submarine "Sig" crew


		A type «Osyotr» - submarines

Collected in Libava boats were named “Mullet”, “paltus”, “goby”, “Roach” and “Sig”. no penalties were stipulated in contract for breach of terms of delivery of boats. Using this fact, By company. Leka delayed the construction of boats and the first of them “Mullet” It passed only after a year – 22 April, and the other in June and July 1905 g.
All boats C. LEKa, except submarine “Sig”, They were transported to Vladivostok, where their final assembly and completion. Given the absence of the factory in Vladivostok good base for submarine, trained technicians, as well as the fact of doing at the time of fighting in the war with Japan, final assembly of the boats was carried out hastily and poorly, which was one of the causes of frustration fleet specialists in submarines. In connection with the termination of 5 September 1905 g. Russian-Japanese war in hostilities boat type “Osetr” almost did not take.
Submarines “Osetr” refer to the single-hull submarines. The robust housing is divided into three compartments, each of which is provided with inlet hatch. The first compartment has devices for output diver, what, According to C.. LEKa, It made it possible to cut the telegraph cables, destroy minefields, and if necessary to make the crew saved. The Training Unit of diving in Libau were trained divers for submarines “Osetr”. However, when considering the draft boats Commission Ministry of Marine and Submarine subsequent trials “Osetr” negative review about the possibilities of the use of divers from the boat was given.


		A type «Osyotr» - submarines

on the second (residential bay) installed a large enough size conning tower, which houses all the submarine controls. The aft conning tower was installed boom for loading the torpedo through the hatch of the engine room. Automatic door and a pipe for discharging exhaust gas from the muffler housed in common enclosure, height equal to the height of the conning tower. The rugged housed part of the ballast tanks, filled through a common pipe, which significantly increased the time taken to sink the boat to an underwater position. Outside the pressure hull, in its upper part, flat superstructure was installed along the entire length of the boat, made of wooden boards, repeated the lines in terms of the pressure hull. The superstructure also housed the ballast tanks, within which a particular pipes housed petrol engines and compressed air cylinders. In the mid-section area at the level of the superstructure deck extra pair horizontal rudders were installed – “gidroplany”, considered at the time a technical novelty. “Gidroplany” pohashaly ostatochnuyu plavuchest, providing dive boat “on an even keel” and sufficiently precise stroke depth of hold. special niches were made in the bottom of the hull to put forward cast iron wheels, intended for movement on the ground.

"Tread" under water, (the picture of the time)


		A type «Osyotr» - submarines

In tests of the submarine “Osetr” wheels were found “very useful” as a means of, protects against shocks boats on the ground while moving in shallow water. Boats were also equipped with underwater anchors and resets keel. on road, seaworthy and tactical characteristics of the type of boat “Osetr” inferior submarines, located in the part of the Russian fleet. They were maloavtonomnye, low-speed boats with petrol engines and with a very long diving. Poor build quality boats led to the need for frequent repairs. but, these boats operate and eventually played a role in the training of sailors for the Russian fleet and to develop recommendations for improving the performance characteristics of domestic submarines. After 8 years of operation their 1913-14 gg. They were taken out of service and have deposited at the port. AT 1922 g. they all went to be scrapped.

Engine room submarine type "Sturgeon"


		A type «Osyotr» - submarines

The performance characteristics of submarines of "Sturgeon"

Displacement above water, tonnes: 153; PL “Osyotr” – 136
underwater, tonnes: 187 – 189; PL “Osyotr” – 174,4
speed full surfaced, knots: 8,3; PL “Osyotr” – 8,5
complete underwater, knots: 5,0; PL “Osyotr” – 5,6
Cruising range surfaced, miles: 250 – 350
submerged, miles: 17 – 30
immersion depth limit: 30 m
dimensions length, m: 22,0; PL “Osyotr” – 19,8
width, m: 3,5-3,6; PL “Osyotr” – 3,4
sediment average, m: 3,7
structural type: single bay
weaponry 457-mm bow torpedo tubes: 2 PC.
457-mm torpedo tubes feed: 1 PC.
the total number of torpedoes: 5 PC.
power plant number x power benzomotorov, hp: 2kh120
number x power electric motors, hp: 2x65;
PL “Osyotr” – 2h60
Crew, human 12

Submarine "Roach" type "Sturgeon" in the dock


		A type «Osyotr» - submarines

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