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T-10

 Tank T-10 of TTX, Video, A photo, Speed, armor

T-10 (GABTU index at the stage of development and testing - Object 730, original name - JS-5, in 1952-1953 it renamed JS-8, 28 November 1953 It was adopted on the arms and was re-renamed T-10) - Soviet heavy tank. It is manufactured in the years 1954-1966. Was in the Soviet Army during the 39 years, last T-10 were retired Russian Army has only 1993 year.

T-10 – video

Despite, that some sources of the T-10 are assigned to the name in the final testing stages of IS-9 and IS-10, Data refer to it does not actually assigned. The designation T-10 was given on the assumption, EC-8 is the tenth in a row taken by the Soviet Army serial heavy tank.

Last, (the tenth in a row) the most advanced Soviet serial heavy tank of the postwar generation. Developed in KB CHKZ in 1949-1952 gg., to replace the troops of heavy IS-2 tanks, IS-3 and IS-4 due to superiority in the reliability and maneuverability. At various stages of finishing prototypes "object 730" (intrafactory designation) unofficially bear the symbol: IS-5, IS-8, IS-9, IS-10. Adopted by the Resolution of the USSR from 2860-1215 number 28 of November and the Order of the Ministry of Defense number 244 from 15 December 1953 g. under the designation T-10. Serially produced at the CTZ (T-10 (an object 730) and modifications: T-10A (730A object), T-10B (730B object), T-10K (Commanding)and T-10M (an object 272)) and LKZ (T-10M (an object 734)) since 1953 by 1966 gg. It was released According to NATO about 8000 meals. T-10 all modifications.

 Tank T-10 of TTX, Video, A photo, Speed, armor

History of the creation and production

Conceptually, the JS-5 project is to develop the project IS-3 in the direction to increase the reliability and enhance the body armor and the development of IP-4 project in the direction of increasing reliability, and maneuverability. but, in wartime, priorities were identified work on IP-4, IS-6, and IS-7, and the development of IC-5 - suspended. After the rejection of the EC-6 and EC-7 projects, IC-5 project was renamed JS-8.

The first study of the tank under the name EC-5 were made in the 1944 year. The works carried out in Chelyabinsk Pilot Plant number 100 under the direction of M. I. litter. Kotin proposed several concepts of the new tank, but almost none of them bore any innovative ideas. The metal tank was not implemented. Preference is given to other tanks - JS-6 and JS-7. At the end 1948 year to the theme of the creation of EC-5 tank, it was decided to go back again, when Chief Tank Directorate was issued terms of reference for a new promising heavy tank, intended to replace the standing armed EC-2 and EC-3. Experience in design and operation of IS-4 and IS-7, has led to a restriction of the combat weight of the tank in the future 50 tonnes. Work on the tank were set by government decree 18 February 1949 of the year. Chief designer was appointed F. I. Kotin. Tehproekt new tank was ready in April 1949 of the year, and already the initial batch was released in the same year of 10 machines. During military trials revealed many shortcomings, such as inadequate engine life. tank refinement continued until December 1952 of the year. After Stalin's death in March 1953 , the name was changed to the tank has already become final T-10, under which it was adopted for 15 December 1953 of the year.

T-10, repeatedly becomes modernized, mass-produced with 1953 by 1966 year. In the years 1953-1962 was carried out in Chelyabinsk tank, and in 1957-1966 - in Leningrad. Precise data on the T-10 release figures do not, different sources are called numbers 2500 to 8000 produced tanks. The vast majority of cars produced belonged to the modification of the T-10M, and in 1960 all were armed with T-10 early versions have been upgraded to T-10M.

 Tank T-10 of TTX, Video, A photo, Speed, armor

Design

Armor hull and turret

tank body is made from rolled and shaped armor plates by welding. The tank had a rational angles armor slope, the frontal part of the body was carried out on a "pike nose". The angle of inclination of the upper front part thickness 120 mm was 57 degrees to the vertical. The boards were made of the inclined upper and lower bent parts thick 80 mm and have a variable angle of inclination of 60 to 0 degrees to the vertical. tower cast, is shaped like an inverted saucer. Contours of the tower are optimized for the conditions of passage of the shock wave of a nuclear explosion.

weaponry

The main arms of T-10 was 122 mm tank gun D-25TA with a barrel 48 calibres, is the development of gun D-25T, is mounted on the JS-2-4, in turn, created on the base of the A-19 gun. The gun was equipped two-chamber muzzle brake and automatic horizontal wedges. It is also an instrument was equipped with an electromechanical rammer shells and liners, will enhance the rate of 3-4 rounds per minute against the 2-3 on the previous IP models. The shot produced by electromechanical or manual shutter. Ammunition consisted of guns 30 armor-piercing and high-explosive rounds separate-case charging, homutikovyh placed in the gutter and laying on the floor of the crew compartment.
Armor-piercing shell D-25T punched at a distance 1000 m about 150 mm armor meeting at an angle of 90 °.

On tanks modified T-10M established a new 122 mm cannon M-62-T2 (2A17) with significantly better ballistic characteristics, its initial velocity armor-piercing projectile was 960 m / s. FROM 1967 the year also included armor-piercing cumulative and armor-piercing shells in the ammunition M-62-T2.
Auxiliary tank armament consisted of two 12.7-mm machine guns DShKM, one of which was paired with a gun, and the other, antiaircraft, placed on the turret on the roof of the tower. Ammunition guns was 1000 cartridges in strips of 50 pcs. On tanks modified T-10M were replaced by 14.5 mm machine guns KPVT.

 Tank T-10 of TTX, Video, A photo, Speed, armor

Engine and transmission

Engine T-10 - V-shaped 12-cylinder four-stroke diesel engine with liquid cooling capacity of the B-12-5 700 HP. at 2100 rev / min. Engine displacement 38,8 l.

Transmission consisted of a planetary gear box (8 Transmission + two reverse) hydraulically operated, rotation mechanism and two-stage final drive.

Chassis

Suspension independent rollers, torsionnaya. On each side of the housing located 7 twin rollers with metallic rims and three support rollers. Rear drive wheels, engaging tracks lantern. Caterpillar steel Melkozvenchataya, increments truck 160 mm and a width 720 mm.

early versions

Early versions of serial T-10 were tanks EC-5 and EC-8, are significantly different mounted with aggregates and layout.

 Tank T-10 of TTX, Video, A photo, Speed, armor

modifications

T-10A – Adopted 17 May 1956 of the year. A modernized version of the T-10 with installed on it gun D-25TS with the stabilizer in the vertical plane Puotila-1 "Hurricane", altered gate and ejector bore purging device. T-10A was equipped with a night vision device the driver TVN-1 and CPC-directional gyro 48, and periscopic sight TPN-1 and duplicating telescopic sight TUP instead TS-2-27. Installing a new gun led to a change in the shape of the tower and gun mask.

T-10B – Put into service in 1957 year version of the T-10A, distinguished by installing double plate stabilizer Puotila-2 "thunder" and sight-T2S 29-14 instead of TS-2-27.

T-10BK – created in 1957 , the commander version of the T-10B, which due to additional radio and charger ammunition reducing installed.

T-10M – An improved version of the T-10, put into service 26 September 1957 of the year, distinguished by a variety of design changes:

– The new 122 mm cannon M-62-T2 and a high ballistics plane stabilizer 2E12 "Rain".
– 14,5-mm machine guns KPVT instead DShK, the reduction of ammunition to 744 rounds.
– The modified design of the tower, with its reservation gain, doshedsheho to 250 mm in the front portion.
– The new engine B-12-6 power 750 HP.
– Set of night vision goggles for all crew members, except for charging.
– anti-nuclear defense.
– TDA.

Mass tank after changes rose to 51,5 tonnes, but with a more powerful engine and other improvements, the maximum speed of the tank on the highway has increased to 50 kmh. T-10M during production constantly upgraded. Since December 1962 the year it was established more than a simple and reliable six-speed gearbox, at 1963 , the tank was underwater driving system, overcomes obstacles to a depth of 5 m, and with 1964 , the tank was equipped with an automatic fire extinguishing system.

T-10MK – Commanding variant T-10M, on which, similar to the T-10BK, by reducing the ammunition to 22 shells, install additional radio and charger.

 Tank T-10 of TTX, Video, A photo, Speed, armor

prototypes

"Object 266" - experienced a modification to the installation of hydromechanical transmission HMT-266.

on the basis of the T-10 machine

"Object 268" – ACS is the only on the basis of T-10, built in a single copy in the 1956 year. Resembles the arrangement ISU-152 self-propelled gun was equipped with a 152-mm cannon M-64 in large armor wheelhouse.

"Object 27" – or TPP-3 - Transportable Power, He is an experienced mobile nuclear power 1,5 MW, for use in the Far North. The entire structure is composed of four modules, carried on the elongated up 10 rollers chassis T-10. TPP-3 entered into trial operation 1960 year.

Launchers complexes PT 15 and PT-20P – Chassis parts T-10 used in self-propelled missile launchers complexes PT 15 and PT-20P.

"Object 282" – Experienced Soviet missile tank based on the T-10.

Machines based on the T-10M

"Object 271" – 2A3 "Capacitor" - Soviet self-propelled artillery special power, the first prototype was built in 1957 year. Armament consisted of 406-mm cannon. Intended for firing nuclear warheads. released 4 instance.

"Object 273" – 2B1 "Oka" - Soviet self-propelled 420-mm mortar unit based on the T-10M. The first prototype was ready in 1957 year. Designed for firing nuclear warheads.

 Tank T-10 of TTX, Video, A photo, Speed, armor

T-10M at the Museum of the Great Patriotic War in Kiev

Performance characteristics of the T-10M

Crew, pers.: 4
developer: VNII 100, GSKB-2
years of production: 1954—1966
years of operation: 1954—1993
The number of issued, PC.: there are numbers 1589 to 8000
The layout: classical

Weight of tank T-10

– 50 tonnes

Dimensions of the T-10

– body Length, mm: 7250
– Length with gun forward, mm: 10 560
– housing width, mm: 3380
– Height, mm: 2585
– base, mm: 4550
– Track, mm: 2660
– Clearance, mm: 460

Armor tank T-10

– Type broni: steel cast and rolled homogeneous
– housing forehead (top), mm / city.: 60 / 78+45°; 120 / 55+40°
– housing forehead (through), mm / city.: 120 / 50°
– body board (top), mm / city.: 120 / 47°; 80 / 62°
– body board (through), mm / city.: 80 / 10°
– housing feed, mm / city.: 50—60
– Bottom, mm: 16
– corps roof, mm: 30
– tower forehead, mm / city.: 250 / 24°; 120 / 55+40°
– board towers, mm / city.: 148 / 45°; 122 / 55°; 102 / 65°
– tower feed, mm / city.: 50
– tower roof, mm: 40

Arming of the T-10

– Caliber guns and stamp: 122-mm D-25TA / 2A17
– gun type: nareznaya gun
– barrel length, calibres: 48
– gun ammunition: 30
– sights: T2S-29-14, TPN-1-29-14, VK-4, PU-1
– Shotgun: 2 × 12,7-mm DSHKMT (T-10A / B); 2 × 14,5-mm KPVT (T-10M)

Engine tank T-10

– engine's type: B-12-6
– Engine power, l. from.: 750

The rate of tank T-10

– Road speed, kmh: 50
– Cruising on the highway, km: 350
– Cruising cross country, km: 200
– power density, l. p. / m: 15
– suspension type: individual torsion
– Unit ground pressure, kg / cm²: 0,77
– Gradeability, city.: 32°
– to overcome the wall, m: 0,9
– trench, m: 3,0
– fording, m: 1,5

Photo T-10

 Tank T-10 of TTX, Video, A photo, Speed, armor

Tank T-10M in Prague

 Tank T-10 of TTX, Video, A photo, Speed, armor

Heavy tank T-10A

 Tank T-10 of TTX, Video, A photo, Speed, armor

Scheme tank T-10M

 Tank T-10 of TTX, Video, A photo, Speed, armor

 Tank T-10 of TTX, Video, A photo, Speed, armor

 

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