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PT-76 tank

 PT-76 Tank Engine. The weight. dimensions. armor. story

PT-76 - this is the only example of a light amphibious tank, created in the postwar period. It was adopted in 1951 g. and is considered the most popular and best-in-class in the history of tank development. The impetus for the development of this car was an acute shortage of crossing equipment and the lack of amphibious equipment in service in the Soviet Army. The Soviet government was clear, that in case of a sharp conflict with the West, the military action would be deployed in Central Europe, which differs a significant number of water hazards.

PT-76 tank – video

The absence of a floating equipment to significantly slow the advance of Russian troops. That is why by the end of the 40s. XX в. They have been developed and put into service the various crossing means, including cars and transporters. Work on the creation of a floating tank started with government regulations, facing directly to the two design bureaus, which were located in Leningrad and Chelyabinsk. In parallel were developed "object 740" armored personnel carrier and floating "object 750", who later on became the index of the BTR-50. according to the order, mass of the tank should not have more than 14 t, Besides, anticipated, The car will reach speeds of up to 40 km / h on land and 10 km / h afloat and is equipped with a 76 mm cannon.
Experimental tank model was presented to the designers in the spring 1950 g. For many qualities of a new car exceeds the parameters, set Resolution. It's designers have used a number of units and units, not previously used for floating tanks: vodometnыe propellers, cooling system, air purifying system with automatic dust removal, hydraulic shock absorbers.

 PT-76 Tank Engine. The weight. dimensions. armor. story

good speed, maneuverability on the water, high permeability even in reservoirs, braky, fully ensure water jets. Thus caterpillars low specific pressure on the ground support vehicles rather easy to overcome the strongly wetlands. Besides, it takes up less space and was easy to operate. The use of hydraulic shock absorbers, along with individual torsion suspension favorably affected the smooth operation and increased the average traffic speed of the tank, and shooting accuracy on the move. The machine is also installed to protect the system against WMD and automatic fire extinguishers. The tank well in forced marches to 510 km.

weaponry

The machine was put into service under the symbol PT-76, which stands for "floating tank with 76 mm gun". Besides the main arms, the tank was equipped with a machine gun 7.62 mm SGMT, so the machine was able to quite successfully perform fire missions in exploration and landing operations.

 PT-76 Tank Engine. The weight. dimensions. armor. story

modifications

Produced by modifying the PT-76 are mostly differed only in the type of weapons:

PT-76 Model 1 - with a gun D-56T. Armor-piercing projectile at 2000 m - 60 mm (angle armor 60 degrees)

PT-76 Model 2 - with a gun D-56TM. Upgraded muzzle brake on the gun.

PT-76 Model 3 - with a gun D-56TM. Two-chamber muzzle brake on the gun.

PT-76B Model 4 - with a gun D-56TS. The gun is stabilized in two planes. The tank was produced from 1959 by 1963 year.

PT-76M - experimental car based on PT-76B. It was made in a single copy, who failed the test due to the lack of seaworthiness.

Combat unit AU-220M - developed in the 2000s, the Central Research Institute "Petrel". The module consists of a 57 mm automatic cannon 57 BM-based antiaircraft C-60) and coaxial machine gun PKT with an upgraded fire control system. Developers UE-220M already offer this setting set to the floating tank PT-76 as a basic tool for upgrading. the first prototype, weapon station equipped with a 57 mm automatic cannon, It was presented in 2013 in Nizhny Tagil in the defense exhibition Russian Expo Arms-2013.

The tank was produced in Poland under the name of PT-76. In later modifications added another 7.62 mm machine gun and some hatches for the commander and gunner.

In Indonesia in the late 1990s, the PT-76 have been upgraded, they installed new engines, transmission and 90-mm "Kokkeril" gun. These machines are designated in the Western press as the PT-2000.

 PT-76 Tank Engine. The weight. dimensions. armor. story

observation and communication tools

The non-combat conditions, the PT-76 commander can monitor the terrain, standing in the open hatch. In battle, besides sight, Commander has three periscope observation device, placed in a rotary commander's cupola. Devices installed tight group and provide an overview of a relatively narrow sector. The main of them in tanks of early releases was a binocular commander TPKU, on the PT-76 and later releases PT-76B smenonny differ slightly TPKU-2. Both devices have a 5 × magnification and field of view along the horizon 7,5 °, allowing to monitor at a distance of 3000 meters and are equipped with a coordinate grid for target designation and fire adjustment, and scale rangefinder for determining the range to target certain height - 2,7 m ("tank"). At the sides of it has two prismatic periscopes TNP single larger.

Charging for viewing in combat areas has only one rotary periscope MK-4 single larger, Placed in the roof of the tower in front of the hatch. The driver on the march conducts surveillance through the open hatch, in the battle for the survey area it is served by three instruments TNP, arranged like a fan in front of the door and provides an overview of the frontal sector. For observation afloat with raised panel volnootrazhatelnom tanks earlier releases used periscopes TX-17 and TX-17A, later replaced with TNP-370. To drive the tank at night PT-76 later editions and PT-76B equipped with binocular night vision TVN-2B, set in place the central TNP. TVN-2B is an electron-optical device, running due to illumination of the headlamp FG-100, or, LM-76b, FG-125 with infrared light filter, providing a driver-mechanic vision range of 50-60 m, and the field of view of 30 ° for a single increase. The other members of the crew of any night vision devices do not have.

 PT-76 Tank Engine. The weight. dimensions. armor. story

combat application

The PT-76 is widely used in a number of armed conflicts, including in the Vietnam War, in the conflicts between Israel and Syria and Egypt 1967 and 1973 years, Indo-Pakistan war 1971 of the year, Yugoslav war of 1991-1995., occasionally - in the course of military operations in Chechnya.

The Vietnam War

The first major clash with American Vietnamese tanks held 3 Martha 1969 of the year. 4-Battalion 202 th Tank Regiment forces 12 PT-76 tanks and several armored personnel carriers BTR-50PK attacked the American camp Ben Het. The purpose of the attack was the destruction of the battery positions 175-mm self-propelled guns M107. Head of PT-76 hit a mine, but the crew continued to fire at the enemy gun. The remaining tanks were met by a platoon M48 "Patton" 69th Tank Regiment of the US Army and two anti-aircraft self-propelled guns M42. One M48 was struck in the tower shell PT-76. Another "Patton" retaliatory fire destroyed one tank Vietnamese. The attack bogged down after losing two PT-76 and one BTR-50PK.

 PT-76 Tank Engine. The weight. dimensions. armor. story

PT-76, stricken at the battle of special forces camp Ben Het, South Vietnam, 1969 year

Indo-pakistanskaya war 1965 of the year

In the spring 1965 , the frequent attacks on the Pakistani side of the border, as a result of India addressed to the Soviet Union to provide protection against a possible invasion. The first tanks PT-76 India was granted in August 1965 of the year. Before the war, India had two regiments of tanks, composed about 90 pcs. The first time the new tanks construction unknown Indian soldiers known as "Patton".

21 September rota “FROM” 7-regiment, armed with the PT-76, counterattacked captured Pakistani village Tatti Jaimal Singh. During the battle, the Indian PT-76 knocked out Pakistani village, podbiv odin 'Patton', one "Sherman" and capturing 2 SUV with 106 mm guns and M40 2 a truck with ammunition, in turn, Pakistanis managed to knock out one Indian tank. Common Indian losses during the war amounted to some company PT-76, mostly abandoned, 6 or 7 of which was captured by the Pakistanis.

Indo-pakistanskaya war 1971 of the year

Indian and Pakistani PT-76 participated in the war 1971 of the year. Indians involved on the eastern front, and two regiments 2 independent squadrons of tanks (all have had about Indians 150 such tanks), Pakistanis have been 6-7 PT-76. All on the Eastern Front faced about 150 Indian tanks and 75 Pakistani. Almost all of the, armed PT-76, They were concentrated against the Pakistani group in East Bengal. Amphibious tanks are ideally suited for operations in the delta of the Ganges.

9 company from December 1st single squadron with gurkhskimi arrows on the armor broke the docks port of Chandpur. At this time in Meghna river in the direction of Dhaka moved three river gunboat with 450 soldiers. PT-76 opened fire. All three gunboat had been sunk, It survived only 180 Pakistani soldiers. 11 December, these same tanks sank another Pakistani ship, 83 Pakistani soldiers were killed and 33 captured.

A day later in another part of the front of PT-76 69th Tank Regiment, Again with the Gurkha infantry to armor, We made a detour. passing 55 km swampy jungle, forcing the several rivers, they surprise attack 12 December took Mr.. Bogra. During the assault by fire 76-mm guns were destroyed Tank M24 "Chaffee", Two 106 mm recoilless guns and captured M40 55 3-x ton trucks.

In two weeks of fighting were destroyed or damaged 13 Indian tanks PT-76. Pakistanis have lost all the tanks that were in East Pakistan, 66 M24 "Chaffee" and 6-7 PT-76. Indian PT-76 have made one of the most significant contributions to the victory.

 PT-76 Tank Engine. The weight. dimensions. armor. story

PT-76 in Cambodia

The Six Day war

Egyptian PT-76 participated in the war 1967 of the year. They have been used for other purposes without much success. As a result of the fighting, 29 PT-76 total 2 It was destroyed and 7 thrown. 7 trophy amphibious tanks were put into service the 88th Reconnaissance Battalion Israeli army. On these machines, engines replaced, We established the American machine guns and new radio stations.

Yom Kippur War

PT-76 tanks participated on both sides in the Yom Kippur War 1973 of the year. At night 16 October Israeli PT-76 launched an operation, which became a turning point in the war. 7 tanks and 8 BTR-50P with motorized infantry from the 11th Tank Brigade Reserve Colonel Ela Gonen crossed the northern part of the Great Bitter Lake on its western shore and seized a bridgehead in the station area of ​​Abu Sultan. Over the next two days, Israeli forces attacked the right flank units of the 2nd Egyptian army, ousting them to the channel. By the end 18 It was transferred in October to support the assault to 200 tanks. morning 19 October troops, were on bridgehead, launched a decisive attack. Its feature was the extensive use of tanks in small groups (up to a company with a motorized infantry anti-tank and an APC). Acting over a wide front, they found weaknesses in the defense of Egyptian troops and broke the rear. Light tanks PT-76 at a high speed out to the positions of radar and air defense missile systems and, destroying them, contributed to the successful air operations. By the end of 20 October at the beachhead were three armored and two mechanized brigades of the IDF, which by the end of the day 21 October expanded the bridgehead on the front to 30 km and 20 km in depth, and continued to advance.

 PT-76 Tank Engine. The weight. dimensions. armor. story

The performance characteristics of the PT-76

Crew, pers.: 3
The layout: classical
Manufacturer: Volgograd Tractor Plant
years of production: 1951—1967
The number of issued, PC.: 3039

Weight PT-76

– 14,5 tonnes

Dimensions PT-76

– body Length, mm: 6910
– Length with gun forward, mm: 7625
– housing width, mm: 3140
– Height, mm: 2195
– base, mm: 4080
– Track, mm: 2740
– Clearance, mm: 370

Armor PT-76

– Type broni: steel rolled homogeneous high hardness
– housing forehead (top), mm / city.: 10 / 80°
– housing forehead (middle), mm / city.: 10 / 45°
– housing forehead (through), mm / city.: 10 / 45—90°
– body board (top), mm / city.: 10 / 0°
– body board (through), mm / city.: 8 / 0°
– housing feed (top), mm / city.: 6 / 0°
– housing feed (middle), mm / city.: 6 / 45°
– housing feed (through), mm / city.: 6 / 45—90°
– Bottom, mm: 5
– corps roof, mm: 6 / 85—90°
– tower forehead, mm / city.: 15 / 35°
– board towers, mm / city.: 15 / 35°
– tower feed, mm / city.: 10 / 35°
– tower roof, mm: 6

Armament PT-76

– Caliber guns and stamp: 76-mm D-56T
– gun type: nareznaya gun
– gun ammunition: 40
– Angles BH, city.: −4…+30°
– Angles GN, city.: 360°
– firing range, km: to 12
– sights: telescopic TSHK-66
– Shotgun: 1 × 7,62-mm SGMT

Engine PT-76

– engine's type: AT 6
– Engine power, l. from.: 240

PT-76 speed

– Road speed, kmh: 44
– Speed ​​over rough terrain, kmh: 20—25 (10,2 afloat)
– Cruising on the highway, km: 240—260
– Cruising cross country, km: 180—210 (60-70 afloat)
– power density, l. p. / m: 17,1
– suspension type: individual torsion
– Unit ground pressure, kg / cm²: 0,5
– Gradeability, city.: 38°
– to overcome the wall, m: 1,1
– trench, m: 2,8
– fording, m: floats

Photo PT-76

 PT-76 Tank Engine. The weight. dimensions. armor. story

 PT-76 Tank Engine. The weight. dimensions. armor. story

 PT-76 Tank Engine. The weight. dimensions. armor. story

 PT-76 Tank Engine. The weight. dimensions. armor. story

 PT-76 Tank Engine. The weight. dimensions. armor. story

 PT-76 Tank Engine. The weight. dimensions. armor. story

 PT-76 Tank Engine. The weight. dimensions. armor. story

PT-76M - experimental car based on PT-76B

 PT-76 Tank Engine. The weight. dimensions. armor. story

PT-76 afloat

 PT-76 Tank Engine. The weight. dimensions. armor. story

 

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