Mi-8 - a Soviet / Russian multi-purpose helicopter, developed by OKB M. L. Mile in the early 1960s. Is the most popular twin-engine helicopter in the world, also included in the list of the most popular helicopters in aviation history. Widely used in many countries around the world to perform a variety of civil and military missions. Vertolёtы MI-8, usually, have a dual purpose, what is specified in the type certificate.
Mi-8AMTSh – video
The Russian helicopters, having a military purpose, may be sold only to joint-stock company "Rosoboronexport", included in the corporation "Rostec". All other helicopters, are commercially available, have only civilian.
Developing long-term average multi-purpose helicopter under the designation B-8, to replace the production models of the Mi-4, It began in Mil in the second half of the 50s. First of all, a new machine was the most rational use ergonomics, so radically changed the layout of the helicopter, which became a wagon-type with a longitudinally elongated fuselage. The cockpit located in the forward fuselage, engine (on the first prototypes of one) I located above the fuselage. All the rest of the space occupied by a cargo compartment, or passenger compartment, Depending on the modification of the helicopter.
The first prototype B-8 flew 9 July 1961 of the year, he had a turboprop AI-24; the second prototype of the V-8A - 17 September 1962 of the year, he had already two turboshaft engine TV2-117s, are already installed on production machines. in production has been launched after a number of modifications of the Mi-8 1965 year and adopted by the Soviet Air Force 1967 year and he has shown himself to be so successful machine, that the Mi-8 procurement for the Russian Air Force is still going on. Mi-8 used in more than 50 countries, including India, China and Iran.
Modernization of the Mi-8, culminating in 1980 city, It has led to an improved version of this machine - Mi-8Mt (product "88", for export supplies - Mi-17), which is characterized by improved powerplant (2 engine TV3-117) and the presence of the auxiliary power unit. Mi-17 is not as widely used and about 20 countries.
AT 1991 g. started production of a new civil transport modification of the Mi-8AMT (export version is called Mi-171E), and in the late 1990s - a military transport and attack Mi-modification 8AMTSh (Mi-171SH).
AT 2014 he was delivered to the customer 3500 the helicopter Mi-17.
Design
Single-rotor helicopter schemes 5-lobed bearing and a three-bladed tail rotor. Fastening of rotor blades - hinge (vertical, horizontal and axial joints), and tail rotor blades - coincident (horizontal and axial), propeller type. The blades of the rotor-metal, It consists of a hollow spar, extruded aluminum alloy, to which is glued the rear edge 21 honeycomb aluminum foil compartment, forming profile. All rotor blade spar are equipped with pneumatic signaling damage. In mode mostly rotor rotates at speeds 192 m-1, Tie - 1124 m-1.
Transmission
Similar to the Mi-4. The main units of transmission are:
– The main gearbox VR-14 (We are for 8MT) or BP-8A (for Mi-8T)
– intermediate gearbox;
– tail gearbox;
– transmission tail shaft;
– Fan drive shaft;
– Brake rotor.
Fuselage
It is the main body of the helicopter force and is an all-metal monocoque of variable section with a smooth stressed skin. The fuselage has three structural connector and includes:
– bow of;
– central part of;
– tail boom;
– end beam with a fairing.
Chassis
tricycle, fixed landing, the caster of flight pillar. To prevent ground contact tail rotor has a tail wheel.
external suspension system
It can carry loads of up to 3000 kg (5000 kg). The Mi-8 is equipped with a four-channel autopilot AP-34B, providing pitch and roll stabilization, directions, as well as the flight altitude (±50м). In the embodiment, the passenger in the cabin can be set to 18 seats, folding benches are used in the transport version on 24 seats.
Control system
It is intended to control the helicopter relative to the three axes, It is performed by changing the magnitude and direction of thrust of the main rotor and tail rotor power changes thrust. hydraulic actuators are used to control the helicopter - three KAU-30B (a combined control unit) in the management of the main rotor and one RA-60B (the steering unit) in the management of anti-torque rotor. On Mi-8MTV – chetыre KAU-115M. The hydraulic system is designed to supply the working fluid:
– helicopter control units (RA-60B tail rotor control, CAU-30B collective pitch of the rotor, KAU-30B two longitudinal and lateral control);
– clutch control cylinders "STEP-GAZ", Variable focus in a longitudinal control helicopter, (Control "afterburner" engines for helicopters modification "MT")included separate electromagnetic valves HA-192.
The hydraulic system consists of the main and backup, Pressure is created in each separate pump NS-39M, set on the main gearbox. Pressure is regulated within ± 3 ... 45 65+8-2 kgf / cm2 automata JI-77B unloading pumps, supported accumulators - two in the main system and one in duplicate.
Fuel system
Designed to accommodate the required amount of fuel on board the helicopter and its smooth supply to the pumps, regulators engines at all engine speeds and altitudes, as well as for feeding fuel into the kerosene heater KO-50.
fire protection system (PPS)
Designed to detect, signaling and extinguishing fire in protected compartments:
– left and right motors;
– kerosene heater TO-50;
– the main gearbox and the engine AI-9V.
defrost system (PIC)
Designed to protect against icing of the blades and tail rotor, two front cockpit glass, engine inlet, dustproof engines devices (PZU). Heating rotor blades and glass cockpit - electrothermal action. Heated air inlet cowls and the engine inlet - vozdushnoteplovogo, and heating ROM - mixed (portion of hot air heated nodes, and the other part has electric heating). PIC operates in automatic, and manual modes. HB blades PB, front windows and ROM are powered by an AC voltage 208 volt. For heating engine input device and ROM using hot air from a compressor.
air system
It is intended for braking wheels of the main landing gear wheels and recharging on-board cameras cylinders during vneaerodromnyh conditions using a special tool.
heating and ventilation system is designed to:
– or supplying the preheated air in the cockpit and into the cargo compartment to maintain them in normal temperature conditions;
– blowing the front glass and blisters cockpit;
– Heating faucet drain trap.
For the heating of air used KO-50 kerosene heater.
oxygen equipment
It is intended to supply oxygen crew when flying at altitudes up 6000 m, as well as the wounded and sick when flying at any altitude.
grid
DC power sources:
– two starter-generator SG-18, mounted on each of the motors;
– six batteries 12SAM-28.
Sources AC:
– Single-phase AC voltage 208 The frequency 400 Produces Hz mounted on the main gearbox generator CDF-30U. (To power the heating elements and screws windscreens). Also from CDF-30U through the single-phase transformer TS / 1-2 powered radio- and navigation equipment, and from it - the transformer Tr 115/36, feeding a single-phase voltage 36 The engine and transmission control devices, and through the transformer 115/7.5 - outline marker lamps for power rotor. In case of refusal CDF-30U blade heating elements are switched off, other equipment automatically switches to power the inverter ON-750A.
– Three-phase alternating current voltage 36 The power to the gyroscopic instruments give one of the two transmitters PT-500TS (primary or backup).
Navigation and flight instruments and radio equipment in all versions allow the helicopter to make flights at any time of the day in simple and adverse weather conditions.
Power point
It consists of two turboshaft engines TV2-117s, (TVZ-117MT modification "MT", TV3-117VM modification Mi-8MTV). In case of failure of one engine in flight another engine automatically goes to the increased power, while horizontal flight is performed without reducing the height.
Helicopters of various modifications is very significantly different in composition equipment. early helicopters (I-8, Mi-8T, Mi-8TV, Mi-8P, Mi-8PS, We are 8SMV(PPA, R) equipped with two engines TV2-117A takeoff power 1500 l. from., with a 10-stage compressor and the start of the established on each engine starter-generator GS-18TO. When the engine starts its first starter-generator is powered by onboard batteries six 12SAM-28 (startornaya aviation monobloc capacity 28 Priority) voltage 24 AT, second motor - of the starter-generator and the engine is already running three accumulators. In heavy-18TO engines operating voltage give 27 volts to the main power supply system. Four batteries are installed in the cockpit under the racks Electrical- and radiooborudovaniya, two on each side, the other two of the cockpit in the cargo cabin, embodiment in the passenger in the rear part of the passenger compartment by a partition. Despite the relatively small capacity, they are able to provide 5 Starting the engine in a row on the ground and in the air at altitudes up 3000 m, at the same time give a current of 600-800 amperes, when the motors are charged by the DC generator, and switched off automatically when the nominal capacity or when the voltage drops are included in the on-board network (failure of generators) using differential minimum Relay DMR-600T, generator control system.
Helicopters later series (Mi-8Mt, Mi-17 and others.) significantly upgraded. Engines replaced with more powerful (takeoff power - 2200 l. from.) TV3-117 12-stage air compressor and starting, for feeding air to the air starter motor mounted APU AI-9B. The main AC power supply system:
– Sources of the three-phase voltage 208 The frequency 400 Hz 2 generator GHS-40PU, located on the main gearbox.
From the first generator powered:
– rectifying devices TA № 1;
– PIC screw elements;
– TC-310S04B transformer (power 1 kW) for three-phase power supply 36 AT;
From the second generator feed:
– rectifying devices TA № 2 and number 3;
– Heating glass and dustproof device (PZU) engines;
– transformer TS / 1-2 for a single phase power supply 115 AT;
– after vehicle / 1-2 voltage 115 AT, also feed two transformers Tr115 / 36, (main and reserve) performing phase alternating current power 36 The devices of the control of the engines and transmissions.
Redundant power two converters are AC: IN-500A and PT-200TS. Upon cancellation generator № 1 TS310S04B switched to generator № 2, failure of both generators and most of the transformer starts transmitter PT-200TS. Upon cancellation generator № 2 TC / 1-2 switches on the generator № 1, failure of both generators and most of the transformer runs converter software-500A. Also in case of failure of the generator № 2 generator № 1 6A-switched slave № 3.
DC system (secondary): DC power sources:
– main sources - three rectifier device TA-6A rectifier device;
– The starter-generator STG-3, which can issue the running APU in voltage bortseti 27 volt power 3 kW for 30 minutes;
– 2 rechargeable battery 12SAM-28 or 28-20NKBN (to start the APU and emergency power supply).
modifications
passenger
Mi-8P
Mi-8P - a passenger helicopter 28 places. It equipped with engines with a capacity of TBG TV2-117A 1267 kW / 1700 hp. Passenger cabin has a length 6,36 m, width 2,34 m, height 1,80 m, rectangular portholes.
Mi-8PA - modification of the Mi-8P with engines GTD TV2-117F.
Mi-8PS
Mi-8PS - a passenger helicopter with high comfort cabin: two large leather chairs near the table, sofa, on the table – telephone set; provided a small buffet, wardrobe and toilet compartment, enlarged rectangular portholes, as well as a door-trap.
Mi-8TP - passenger helicopter, built by order of the Ministry of Defense specifically for the transport of international inspection teams to monitor the arms control measures. Salon has a somewhat more modest, What Mi-8PS.
I-172 - helicopter, created on the basis of constructive multi-purpose helicopter Mi-8 MTV-1. At the beginning 2017 he is the only helicopter of Mi-8, Certified for the commercial transportation of passengers.
transport
Mi-8T
Mi-8T - amphibious transport helicopter 24 paratrooper with arms (sanitary embodiment 12 wounded on a stretcher with one accompanying). Mounted engines GTD TVZ-117MT capacity of 1454 kW / 1950 hp. The helicopter is designed for mass transport of goods 4000 kg in the booth or 3000 kg external load. The cargo compartment: length 5,34 m. width 2.34 m, height 1.80 m. In a military embodiment provided pylons for suspension arms.
Mi-8TS - export version of the Mi-8T helicopters for Syria Air Force, modified for conditions of a dry climate.
Reusable
Mi-8TV
Mi-8TV - "Transport, armed". Adopted by the Soviet Army in 1968 year. Installed reinforced truss pylons with four holders for blocks of thirty-two caliber NAR 57 mm and the movable caliber machine gun mount 12,7 mm in the forward fuselage. The helicopter can carry, and other weapons: blocks of thirty-two NAR. PTUR AT-2 with the semi-automatic control. PTUR AT-3 with manual control, etc.. Notable booking cockpit, gearbox and engine cowlings, Cab drivers bronestoklami (mainly frontal).
Mi-8AT - a helicopter with engines TB2-117AG.
Mi-8AV - Air minelayer for the Army. Aligning minoukladchik BMP-1. Could be installed on 64 (In the first modification) to 200 min.
Mi-8AD - modification of the air mine layer for the Army, intended for the production of small-sized non-recoverable landmines.
Mi-8TG
Mi-8TG - modification of the Mi-8T helicopter with engine capacity of TBG TV2-117TG 1103 kW / 1500 hp, working in the aviation condensed fuel.
Mi-8Mt
Mi-8Mt - upgraded amphibious transport helicopter. high power gas turbine engine TVZ-117MT capacity equipped with engines of 1454 kW / 1950 hp. a dustproof protective devices and the auxiliary power unit AI-9B and tail rotor, mounted on the left, for efficiency. It has a station infrared interference "Lipa", Screens exhaust device for suppressing thermal radiation engines and containers decoys, machine gun (caliber 12.7 or 7.62 mm) fore the mobile unit, holders on the sides of the fuselage for up to six blocks NAR with placing on top of the guide rails to six PTUR. It is suspended on pylons also machinegun containers, in blisters and side openings troop compartment may be in machine guns and rocket launchers. The helicopter is a transition to an improved model of the Mi-17.
I-17 - export version of the Mi-8Mt.
Mi-8MTV or Mi-8MTV-1 - a modernized high-altitude transport helicopter with engines TV3-117VM, TV3-117VM series 02, VK-2500-03. Dynamic ceiling increased to 6000 m. It developed in 1985-1987:. and put into serial production in Kazan 1988 year. It has only civilian.
Mi-17-1V - export version of the Mi-8 MTV-1.
Mi-8MTV-2
Mi-8MTV-2 and Mi-8MTV-3 Later modifications of military transport helicopter version of the MT. Designed for use in an airborne vehicle, sanitary, and rescue shock embodiments. This is one of the most heavily armed helicopters in the world. The MTV-2 embodiment could be equipped with a helicopter four B8V20 A-blocks of twenty NAR C-8, possible suspension of aerial bombs caliber 50 500 kg beam holders CDD-57KRVM: mobile unit may be located in the forward fuselage with gun kalibra12,7 mm, in the openings of sliding doors - to 8 pivot systems with machine guns; caliber 7.62 mm, and on foreign holders - 4 gun container UPK-23-250 with cannon GS-23L gauge 23 mm. For protection from missiles with IR homing installed cassette ASO-2B with infrared decoys PPI-26-1. On the helicopter cockpit hinged armor plates covering the floor, front and back cover.
We are 8MTO - night.
Mi-8MTKO - Option to svetotehnikoй, adapted to the use of night vision systems aerobatic.
Mi-17-1V - export version of the Mi-8 MTV.
Mi-8AMT (export designation - Mi-171E) - version of the Mi-8 MTV with minor changes, produced at the Ulan-Ude Aviation Plant (from 1991 of the year). There are various modifications: passenger. transport, Search and Rescue, VIP lounge and dob. It has only civilian.
I-171 - modification of the Mi-8AMT, It is certified, issued by the Interstate Aviation Committee. It has only civilian.
Mi-171A2
Mi-171A1 - modification of the Mi-8AMT, the relevant norms of airworthiness US Rotary Wing FAR-29. It has only civilian.
Mi-17KF - modification of the Mi-8 MTV-5 Honeywell's avionics. Developed by OKB Mil together with KHP commissioned by the Canadian company Kelowna Flightcraft. First flight 3 August 1997.
We are 8MSB - is not certified in the Russian site Ukrainian version with engines TV3-117VMA SBM1V-4E series, Passenger-transport version for civil aviation.
We are 8MSB-B - is not certified in the Russian site Ukrainian version with engines TV3-117VMA SBM1V-4E series, for the Air Force (adopted in April 2014, to end 2014 year to the troops passed 3 PC.) and export.
special-purpose
Mi-8TÉČ-24 - the flying part of the technical and operational. equipped with plumbing, electrical, control and calibration and other equipment used in the operation and repair of helicopter equipment.
Mi-8TZ - refueling and fuel transporter.
We are 8BT - buksirovshtik trawl.
Mi-8SP - special marine life.
Mi-8SPA - search and rescue helicopter to search for the astronauts and crew of the aircraft in case of splashdown.
Mi-8TL - Forest fire modification, system equipped massive release of water and a water cannon.
Mi-8S - Staff helicopter with round portholes.
Mi-8PS - Staff helicopter with square portholes.
Mi-8KP - a special command center for complex large-scale search and rescue operations.
Mi-8GR or Mi-8P - scout intended for visual observation and photography of the frontline.
Mi-8K - artillery spotter.
Mi-8TAKR - helicopter with television monitoring complex.
Mi-8VD - radiation and chemical reconnaissance.
Mi-8S - modification of the combi power plant of turboshaft engines, employed in the rotor, and traction turbojet.
Mi-8Mt "Flying crane" - different cab of the crane operator on-site freight wings.
Mi-8Mt "Meteo" - flying weather station. AT 1990 he converted 12 Mi-8Mt.
Mi-8MTA - helicopter near tactical reconnaissance.
Mi-8MTS - radiation reconnaissance helicopters. developed in 1986 year.
Mi-8MTT - helicopter to search for reentry spacecraft.
Mi-8MTL - scout with the simultaneous application of thermal imaging reconnaissance and radio interception with a precise definition of the target coordinates.
Mi-8MTF - aerofotorazvedchik. developed in 1984 year.
Mi-8MTF (II) - Production of smoke screens. developed in 1987 year.
We are 8MTYU - It was built in a single copy. Suitable devices for detecting reentry, of small surface targets, nose radar antenna. Used BBC Ukrainian.
Mi-8AMT-1 - Superior Salon (VIP-lounge) for government squadron of the Russian President.
Mi-8AMTŠ-VA - version to perform the tasks of the Ministry of Defense of Russia in the Arctic. Mi-8AMTSh ISLANDS created on the basis of the last modification of the military-transport helicopter Mi-8AMTSh-In, which features new gas turbine engines "Klimov" VK-2500-03, a more powerful auxiliary power unit TA-14 and renewed avionics, It is further equipped with a heating system main propulsion units. To work on the water surface of a helicopter equipped with central air-sea rescue suits (MSK), which employ crew.
Air command points
Mi-Mi-8VKP or 8VzPU - airborne command post.
Mi-8IV - airborne command post for the division commanders, production version.
I-9
I-9 - airborne command post for the commanders of motorized rifle and tank divisions. It equipped with special equipment and additional antennas in the tail boom. created in 1977 year on the base of Mi-8T.
Mi-9R - airborne command post for officers RVSN missile divisions. Equipped with automated communication systems. created in 1987 year on the base of Mi-8T.
medical
Mi-8MB
Mi-8MB - Air Hospital (medical “bissektrisa). Created based on the Mi-8T in 1978 year.
We are 8MTB - armored air hospital. We created the base-8Mt.
Mi-8MTVM - Medical modification of the Mi-8 MTV.
Mi-8MTV-3G - Air Hospital based on the Mi-8 MTV-3.
Mi-8MTV-vehicles - medical search and rescue helicopter based on the Mi-8 MTV.
Mi-8MTD - search and rescue helicopter. Designed to search for the astronauts and distress crews of aircraft.
Mi-8MTN - Helicopter health care to astronauts. developed in 1979 year.
Mi-17G - export version of the aircraft Hospital.
Mi-17-1VA "ambulatory" - Mi-export variant 8MTB sanitary embodiment. Shown at the Paris Air Show 1989 city, equipped with more powerful engines TV3-117VM.
jammers
We are 8SMV - a first modification of the Mi-8, as helicopter EW. Modification of the Mi-8SMVb established in 1971 year, intended to protect front-line aircraft from defeat man-portable air defense systems of the enemy. The cargo compartment has been set Helicopter version of the complex electronic warfare "Smalt-V" ("Smalto 3") with remote control, and on the side of the fuselage-mounted antenna Reception.
Mi-8PP
Mi-8PP - helicopter EW (electronic warfare), created 1974 g. According to some sources, it is equipped with the "Field" complex, but in 70-80 gg. EW complexes used to be called the names of plants, perhaps, this option just confused with the earlier versions of the Mi-8PPA. Intended for jamming ground detection radar, bent and reconnaissance. Helicopter placed on suppression station allowed to use Ni-8PP as radiorazvedchika. The helicopter can be easily distinguished on the containers and the cruciform dipole antennas on the sides of the fuselage.
Mi-8PPA - helicopter EW, equipped stations "Azalea" and "Beans", according to some sources - in the modified 1980-1982 gg. version Mi-8PP.
Mi-8MTPR-1 - jammer based on the Mi-8 MTV-5-1. From serial Mi-8 MTV-5-1, modification by the absence of ramps and armor plates on the cockpit, narrowed the left sliding door and the absence of the portholes, additional antenna on the tail boom. The helicopter is equipped with a set of REB "Lever-AB".
Military transport
Mi-8MTV-5
Mi-8AMTŠ (export designation - Mi-171SH) and Mi-8MTV-5 (export designation - Mi-17B-5) - modern multi-purpose military transport helicopters, for the transport of personnel, as well as the cargo inside the cabin and on the external sling. They can be equipped with a set of arms, equivalent to Mi-24, set of armor protection of the crew and to adapt to the use of night vision devices. These helicopters designed taking into account the comprehensive analysis experience with Russian rotorcraft fighting in various "hot spots". In November 2015 , the military should get the first version of the Arctic (Mi-8AMTŠ-VA) "Terminator", which is based on the last modification of the Mi-8AMTSh-In. It is equipped with new gas turbine engines VK-2500-03, a more powerful auxiliary power unit TA-14 and updated avionics. The helicopter is designed to offer specific application at low temperatures (from minus 40-50 degrees Celsius and below) and limited visibility when performing flights, including during the polar night. Pilot batch of 5 helicopter was ordered in February 2014 of the year. Then the military said, that the total of their need for "Terminator" can achieve 100 units.
Protection: Eva, steel armor plates, automatic ejection LC, jammer, protected fuel tanks.
Capabilities: descent to winch up to 4 people at a time, ramp, Searchlight IR, Night Vision Goggles, IR camera.
Arming C-8 missiles in blocks, attack (PTUR).
Mi-8AMTŠ
Mi-8AMTŠ-1 - modification Mi-8AMTSH, equipped armament, combined with superior interior (VIP-lounge)
Mi-8MNP-2 - modification of the Mi-8AMTSh for the Border Service of Russia. Pereoborudovano 6 helicopters.
The performance characteristics of Mi-8AMT
– chief designer: M. L. miles
– First flight: 9 July 1961 of the year
– Getting Started: 1965 year
– units produced: > 12 000 (all modifications)
The cost of the Mi-8
– about 252 million. rub. or $14,75 million. to about $ 17.5 million. (Mi-17V-5, export)
– Mi-8AMTŠ (for public customers): ~200 (on 2010 city) – 250 million. rub. (on 2012 city)
The crew of the Mi-8
– 3 man
Capacity of the Mi-8
– 27 human
Overall dimensions of the Mi-8
– Length (to rot. screws): 25,31 m
– Height (to rot. tail rotor): 5,54 m
– The diameter of the rotor: 21,3 m
All Mi-8
– empty weight: 6913 kg
– Normal takeoff weight: 11 100 kg
– Maximum takeoff weight: 13 000 kg
Motors Mi-8
– 2 × TV3-117VMA
– engine power (in the takeoff mode): 2 × 2000 l. from
– consumption of aviation fuel, t / a - 0,72
The speed of the Mi-8
– full speed: 250 kmh
– Cruising speed: 230 kmh
Dynamic ceiling Mi-8
– 6000 m
Practical range of Mi-8
– 570 km
Range of flight of the Mi-8
– with additional fuel tanks: 1300 km
– with a maximum reserve of aviation fuel: 800 km
– maximum load: 550 km
Photo Mi-8
Cabin Mi-8
Cabin Mi-8AMTŠ
Cabin Mi-8AMTŠ
