Political fragmentation weakened the ability of Russia
resist external enemies. Particularly damaging impact it 13 century,
when Russian land collapsed Baty horde. Laurentian Chronicle says
Tom, that the Grand Duke had expected at the City shelves Jaroslav brothers, which 1236 year
I took Kiev, leaving his son Alexander governor of Novgorod, and Svyatoslav. but
among the participants of the Battle of Yaroslav not mentioned. At the head of Russian troops stood
Grand Duke Vladimir Yuri Vsevolodovich - Founder of Nizhny Novgorod,
the third son of Vsevolod the Big Nest and grandson of Yuri Dolgoruky. after taking
Tatars Ryazan and defeat strong southern principality became clear, that ancient and
the mighty city of Vladimir not escape the same fate. Yuri Vsevolodovich, not
provide assistance to the neighbors, I decided not to repeat the mistakes of, and put together the forces
neighboring principalities and repel the Tatars. Princely Council decided:
the defense of the capital - the city of Vladimir - to entrust his son Yuri - Vsevolod, and most
Yuri away from close entourage, nephews and brothers in the upper reaches of the Volga and there
gather a great army.
A gathering place for troops prince Jury chose the farthest corner of his possessions - deaf Sith forests and swamps. Fumed highest hill near the village of Bozhonka, surrounded by the river, marshes and forests, It could serve as a good platform for Vsevolodovich camp. Here, Sit on, came with a team of his nephews - the sons of his elder brother Constantine: Cornflower - Prince Rostov, Vsevolod - Prince Yaroslavl and Vladimir - Prince of Uglich. Soon he came and brother Svyatoslav with shelves of Yuriev-Polsky. Expected brother Jaroslav with shelves Pereiaslavl, and militias from neighboring towns, villages. But the time to collect a large army has been missed.
Prince Yuri Vsevolodovich
Laurentian Chronicle states: "The Tartars, these damned bloodsuckers, Vladimir captivity, We went to the Grand Duke Yuri. Some went to Rostov, and others to Yaroslavl, other on the Volga, to Gorodets and captured all of the Volga to the Galic Merevskogo. Still others went to Pereyaslavl and took him out of all the land and many of the city to Torzhok. And there is no place, not vesi, our villages, which we would not have fought the Tatars at Suzdal. In one month, we took 14 cities, except settlements and graveyards ".
presumably, Bozhonke to the Mongol-Tatars came two
streams. Army led by Burundai Temnikov came from the Volga River to the on Kashinka
Bežecké and verhovʹâm City. Another army - there is reason to assume, they
he led the Batu Khan, - passed the Volga to Uglich, and then from the river Uglich
Korozhechne - to villages Who. numerous (According to some historians - to
40 thousand soldiers) and a select army Burundai suddenly came to the camp of Prince
Jury. Suzdal chronicle notes: "And if the prince put shelves, and its quite suddenly
Sit on pryspesha Tatariv, Opposite Prince Yuri ". Ensued a long and
krovoprolytnaya battle. Annals wrote: "The battle was the great evil and carnage, and
bloodshed, like water". Do not keep detailed description of the course of the battle and
the exact location, where it was held. This gave rise to a dispute between historians. part of
nih - A. Transfiguration, n. Nadezhdin, FROM. Musin-Pushkin, L. Sabaneev point
place it near the villages Yurievskoe, red, Lopatino in the middle reaches of the City on
Nekouzsky territory of Yaroslavl region. But there is also the statement
scientists M. AND. Ivanina, A. FROM. Gatsisskogo, A. n. Kislovsky, n. n. Ovsyannikov, a
also academic M. P. Pogodin of, that the battle took place in the villages and Bozhonka
Mogilitsa. probably, battle immediately divided into several centers, that
moved by the river and forest roads from winter Bozhonki deep into marshes. Under
pressure numerically superior enemy Russian began to retreat: they went down the river Sit and gatyam through the swamp.
Cornflower Konstantinovich, Prince of Rostov
Tragic fate of Prince George. On the eve of the Battle of him
I hit a great personal sorrow: he received news that, that ravaged
Tatars Vladimir killed his wife Agatha, three sons and a daughter. In the battle for wife Siti
Grand Duke took the brunt of the Mongols. In this battle perished
Yuri himself Vsevolodovich. It is believed, It happened near the Sidorovsky
stream, Sit in vpadayuscheho, but the exact place of the prince of death unknown.
During the battle was captured favorite nephew Yuri - cornflowers
K., Prince of Rostov. Chronicles brought us the image of a young prince:
"A handsome face, with eyes of light and formidable, Cornflower bыl hrabr, Kind Hearts and
Laskov with boyarami ». he was 28 years. In Rostov, he left a wife and two sons -
Boris and Gleb. Tatars were so impressed with his bravery, that killed
Prince, and took him prisoner, and for a long time tried to persuade them to move to the side. But
Cornflowers and was adamant. As a result, a raging Tatars brutally executed
young prince, and his body was thrown in the woods, as the chronicles indicate - in 25 miles from
Kashin. But the body was able to hide, and, I learned about it, Princess Mary - wife
Vasylko, She buried him in the Assumption Cathedral of Rostov the Great. so ordered
historical destiny, that the great-granddaughter of cornflowers Roerich also leave his
mark in the Tver earth's history and enters into it under the name of Anna of Kashin - wife
Grand Duke Michael of Tver.
The defense of the city of Vladimir, Bollard on r.Siti, 1238 year
The battle ended in defeat at the City of Grand Duke troops
Vladimir-Suzdal. The fate of Russia has been resolved in the two and a half
century. But the sacrifices were not in vain: his death by Russian soldiers saved
ruin Novgorod. Mongol-Tatars suffered in this battle hard
losses. In addition, the care of many Russian ratey with City hordes rear created
unfavorable environment for the further advancement of the Mongols. apparently, all
it played a major role in, that Batu suspended campaign against Novgorod and
He turned his army south. It is the first attempt to unite the City was made
forces to fight the Tatars. The time will come, and united Russia cast off
hated Mongol yoke.
Mongolian Corps under Burundai approached the City with
hand Uglich. Vladimir army did not have time to prepare for battle (with the exception of
watchmen number 3000 people under the leadership of the governors Dorofei Semenovich),
It was surrounded and almost completely died or were taken prisoner. Prince Yury died
with the army, His head was cut off and presented as a gift to Batu Khan.
Died Yaroslavl Prince Vsevolod K.. A captured Rostov
Prince cornflowers K. was killed 4 Martha 1238 at Shirenskom forest.
Svyatoslav Vsevolodovich and Vladimir K. managed to Uglich
save.
The defeat of the Russian troops broke the resistance of the princes
North-Eastern and predetermined their dependence on the Mongol Empire.
Gabriel Tsobehiya
