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With their lives

With their lives

Mikhail Tverskoy.Icon of late XIX-early XX century

After his death in 1304 year of the previous Grand Prince Andrei Alexandrovich, the great reign claimed Mikhail Yaroslavich of Tver and Moscow Yuri Danilovich. They went to the Khan, Khan and appointed the Grand Duke Mikhail of Tver. Upon returning from the Horde 1305 , Michael went with the army to Moscow, but it failed to take. Michael became the first Duke, which was entrusted to collect tribute to the Horde with the part of Russia, which was subservient to the great prince of Vladimir (except Ryazan principality). The new ruler of the Golden Horde - Uzbek Khan - in 1315 year confirmed the rights of Michael, who returned from the Tartar army and defeated Novgorod. Novgorod sent ambassadors to the Horde to complain about Michael, but tverichi have caught them on the way.

In the autumn 1317 , Prince Yury of Moscow Moscow, old Prince Michael of Tver rival, He returned from the Horde with newfound there Konchakov wife - the sister of the Khan Uzbek sort Chingizids, Tatar Ratiu Kavgadyya and "label" on the great reign of Vladimir. Prince Michael of Tver, Tver gathered a significant number of masons and other artisans, significantly strengthened the fortress walls of Tver, built a new tower.

Prince Yury of Moscow gathered troops in Kostroma, but, came to Tver, Grand Duke Vladimir, I did not dare to attack it: after standing in eight miles from the city for five weeks, He tried in vain to establish negotiations. After that, he dismissed his troops on the Tver principality until its complete destruction.

Now, Michael decided to attack Tverskaya. Coming out of the city with a strong squad, and trained militia, he overtook George Danilovich army near the village of Borteneva, at 40 miles from Tver. The battle took place 22 December 1317 year in the modern district of Staritsa, Stepurinskom in a rural village, near the village Balashutino, near the former village Bortenevo the brook Astraganets (Stroganets), which flows into the river Shoshu.

With their lives

Dmitry Mikhailovich kills

Yuri Danilovich of Moscow in the Horde.

From the "Royal chronicler"

Mikhail Tverskoy, sending forward two small, but strong squad, vigilantes attacked from the rear of Yuri Danilovich. Sent forward detachments, as arranged, attacked the flanks of the enemy, when a fight ensued rear. In the battle morale was significantly higher among soldiers Mikhail Tverskoy, and he won a decisive victory, captivity and near Prince George, including his brother Boris Danilovich Nizhny Novgorod and wife Konchak, Baptism Agafia. Prince Yuri, using kratostyu winter day - dusk, "With a small retinue," I ran and hid in the dense forests. Tatars Kavgadyya, beginning of the battle on the side of Prince George, but, losing several of their fighters and seeing the superiority and determination warriors Michael of Tver, Battle of abandoned and locked in his camp - camp. Prince Mikhail Gromov Tatars did not dare, and graciously received from them ambassadors, He agreed with the Tatar proposals and invited them to be his guests.

"And the battle was a great evil and carnage, and God helped Prince Mikhail Yaroslavich Tverskoy, and ran the Grand Prince of Moscow Yury of Moscow ... And Kavgady (Horde ambassador) I took their banners povreshi friendly and unwillingly he ran into a wall ", - the passage from the "patriarchal chronicle" imprinted on granite stone memorial "bortenevskaya battle" near Staritsa.

The village itself Bortenevo in the Tver region does not exist. AT 1941 , she was burned by the Germans. Only a commemorative granite cross and the little chapel Mikhail of Tver in the open field reminiscent of the bloody battle Bortenevskoy.

Later both the Prince went to the Horde, k Khan Uzbek. Prince Yuri Danilovich went before, and together with Kavgadyem, who feared, that will be known for its dishonesty in a battle, able to adjust the Uzbek Khan and his entourage against the Prince Michael of Tver. Michael went to the Horde through Pereyaslavl and Vladimir - the Grand Duke.

The Horde Prince Michael of Tver Yaroslavovich courageously drank the cup of humiliation and abuse and was killed 22 November 1318 of the year. should say, that the prince knew, that it is waiting for the death of the Horde, and still chose to voluntarily go to the scaffold, thus preserving the lives of thousands of his subjects in the Tver earth. After all, he give up to go, Horde have sent a huge punitive troops, mercilessly destroying everything in its path. It must be emphasized, that this act is the first and, may be, the only one in the history of Russia, When the governor at the cost of his own life has kept the integrity of subjects.

Prince Michael of Tver added Yaroslavovich Orthodox Church canonized. His name will forever remain in Russia, a symbol of courageous humility, unbending resistance and relentless struggle.

Prince Yury of Moscow was killed in the Horde (possible match), without Khan's permission, son of Prince Michael of Tver, Dmitry menacing eyes 21 November 1325 of the year.

Prince Dmitry Menacing Eyes was executed in the Horde 15 September 1326 of the year.

Gabriel Tsobehiya

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