The current shipbuilding program for the Navy Russia still does not provide for the creation and transfer of large warships, capable of delivering an outstanding number of weapons and work in the area of ocean. While the priority is to build various combat units, such as small missile ships. but, Despite its modest size and displacement, new domestic ships are fully capable to solve very complex problems. One of the foundations of such a naval group in the future will be new small missile ships of the project 22800 "Karakuri".
According to official data, ships such as "Karakurt" refer to the third rank, and are intended for combat operations in the near sea zone. With the help of the existing missile and artillery weapons such IRCs must attack surface, Air or shore targets. It has repeatedly stated, that the project 22800 It has significant similarities with an older project 21631 «Buyan-M», but it differs improved sea keeping characteristics. Unlike "Brawlers", new "Black Widow" will be able to work not only on rivers and shallow seas.
Project 22800 It was created by the Central Marine Design "Diamond" Bureau (g. St. Petersburg) by order of the Russian Ministry of Defense. Design work was carried out in the first half of this decade. The first official demonstration of the shape of the future, "Black Widow" was held at the international military-technical forum "Army 2015". curious, that just a few months have passed from the first show of the project materials prior to construction of ships.
Bookmark the first two "Black Widow" was held at the end of December 2015 of the year. The order for their construction was Leningrad Shipyard "Pella". In total, the company plans to build this 7 ships of a new type, and 3 the unit will go to the pile factory "Sea" in Feodosia, transferred under the control of "Pella". Another five ships must pass Zelenodolsk Shipbuilding Plant. Gorky; he began work on his orders in 2016 year. Also mentioned the possibility of ordering the six ships of the Amur Shipbuilding Plant.
In the summer and autumn of last year the factory "Pella" after the first two ships of the project for water 22800 - "hurricane" and "typhoon". In early May, the launching of the third. The known data, the first two of the ship are already undergoing the necessary tests. The transfer of the two units of the Navy is scheduled for this year. The next two "Black Widow" will begin service next year. In 2020s raise a flag on several ships. The last of the planned RTO will be laid in 2019-2020 years, and their construction will be completed within 3-4 following years.
Ships of the project "Karakurt" do not differ large dimensions and displacement. Their length is only 67 m and a width 11 m and sediment 4 m. displacement - 800 t. With the help of a diesel-electric power plant, they can reach speeds of up to 30 nodes and show the cruising range at the level of 2500 miles.
Despite its small size, MRK project 22800 We should bear a serious set of equipment and armament. So, primary means of monitoring the environment and target detection radar system is "Mineral-M", comprising active and passive surveillance. With such a complex "Karakurt" will find large surface targets at distances of the order 250 km. The maximum range of passive location, depending on various factors, - to 400-450 km. Stations may accompany tens purposes and to exchange data with other vehicles.
The project provides for armaments for defense. The first two series of ships for this purpose are a couple of units AK-630M and man-portable air defense systems. All subsequent ships offer complete modules "Carapace-M" with the 30-mm guns and missiles. Under construction "Black Widow" are universal gun mount AK-176MA with a cannon caliber 76 mm.
The main impact of the project means ships 22800 are several types of missiles. The aft superstructure, across the centreline, It is a universal vertical launcher 3S14 with eight cells for transport-launch containers with missiles. It declared the use of cruise missile complex "Caliber-NK" and anti "Onyx". The composition of the type of ammunition and missiles employed are determined in accordance with the intended objectives martial.
It Missiles gives new domestic ships high combat characteristics and remarkable potential. With the help of IRC project 22800 will be able to deal with surface, land or underwater targets, which can be used for different types of missiles with different characteristics and fighting equipment. Wherein, as it follows from the known data, it is possible to hit targets at distances of hundreds of kilometers.
Upon detection of surface ships of the enemy "Karakurt" can use a rocket "Onyx" or product family 3M-54. RCC such as "Onyx" is equipped with a combined guidance system based on inertial navigation and active-passive radar homing. In a given area it goes according to the navigation, then self must seek the goal. You can choose the flight path. When the high-altitude trajectory reaches the maximum launch range 450-500 km. In other modes range appreciably reduced. By the goal is delivered warhead weight 300 kg, sufficient for the application of the most serious injuries, even large ships.
The family of missiles "Caliber" is also present anti-ship weapons. Cruise missile that is able to fly over the line 300 km, find yourself freeboard goal and hit it with a warhead weighing not less than 200 kg. According to various sources, anti "Caliber" can have a range of up to 450-500 km. The main difference between the "Calibrate" from the "Onyx" - other flight speed. These RCC over most of the trajectory is maintained subsonic, while "Onyx" immediately comes to supersonic.
The most important advantage of the "Caliber-NK" complex is the presence of cruise missiles 3M-14, intended for attacking ground targets with known coordinates. These weapons have been used in actual operations and to demonstrate their ability to destroy objects at distances of more than 1500 km. Furthermore, In some sources it is mentioned about firing range 2-2,5 thousand. km. In this way, with the necessary targeting the ship type "Karakurt" a carrier "Caliber" is able to control a very large area of land.
According to previous data catechumens, serial MRK project 22800 They will be distributed to all the major associations of the fleet. They will serve in the North, Pacific, Baltic and Black Sea Fleets. It is not hard to imagine, the impact on the military-political situation in the region may have new ships with missiles outstanding range. They will be able to cover from possible attack large areas of the coast, and in addition, "Take aim at" large land areas with a lot of military and administrative facilities.
Without leaving their bases on the Kola Peninsula, small missile ships of the Northern Fleet in theory, able to protect from surface objects all near the coast, as well as a significant part of the Barents Sea and the White Sea all. The 3M-14 missile's area of responsibility in such a case are Scandinavia, Eastern and Central Europe, as well as part of the British Isles.
With "Caliber" and "Onyx" Baltic sailors will be able to protect the Gulf of Finland and to block a significant portion of the Baltic Sea. It is also possible to control the territories up to the Western Europe, The Balkans and Asia Minor. Baltic Fleet responsibility area overlaps the area of possible work Northern Fleet.
While in Sevastopol, "Black Widow" Black Sea fleet can use the RCC at targets in all waters coming. However, their "Caliber" can get facilities in Western Europe, North Africa, the Middle East and Central Asia. It should be noted, that cover a similar region and the Caspian Flotilla rocket, where ships are of type "Buian-M".
MRK Pacific Fleet, based in Vladivostok, can apply anti-ship weapons against targets in the Sea of Japan and the East Korea Bay. Range "water-to-ground" missiles at the same time allows you to control the area of the central Mongolia to Kamchatka, including all Japanese islands and a large part of China.
It should be noted, that responsibility areas received only apply to ships, located on the major bases of fleets or near. New ships of the project 22800 are able to act in the near sea zone, and because the actual missile launch point can be anywhere, and at a considerable distance from the base. In this way, the actual area of responsibility of new ships can be anywhere and to block almost any part of the world's oceans or land, albeit with certain limitations.
It must be admitted, that the new Russian "Black Widow" is flawless. Firstly, disadvantage is the small size of ammunition missile system. One RTO of this type has only eight "Caliber" missiles and "Onyx". In this way, to carry out a massive missile attack may need to work together more ships, that may hinder the preparations for the operation and its implementation. However, small ammunition is directly related to the size of the ships and at the complexity of their construction.
According to current plans, not later than mid-twenties, the Russian Navy will have 18 craft projects 22800 "Karakuri", which will be distributed between the four main structures. In this way, Navy will receive a large enough group strike ships with a very powerful weapons. country, in its turn, thus it receives a user-friendly and flexible tool for the projection of power in different regions. Important, that such a tool will be able to create in the minimum time and at a reasonable spending - the entire construction program 18 ships should not take more than 8-9 years.
At present the fleet of gradual modernization and military shipbuilding. Carried out modernization of production capacities of different enterprises, that allows you to build new ships of different classes and types. While the Defense Ministry a plan for the future projects of surface ships of the first rank, but less large and powerful military units are already under construction, are transferred to the customer and are included in the Navy. All this naturally leads to an increase in the combat potential of the surface forces and the overall defense capability of the country.
obviously, that the new ships of the second and third rank, such as MRC project 22800, in theory, and practice in their capabilities are inferior to larger fighting units, such prospective destroyer "Leader". However, they are comparatively cheap, easy and fast construction. The first "Karakurt" was founded at the end of 2015 of the year, and soon entered the service. By that time, as the head of "Leader" will be able to begin their service, the Navy will be attended by almost all of the project ordered ships 22800.
With all the achievements and successes, Russian Ministry of Defense, navy and shipbuilding industry is still faced with all sorts of difficulties. In the current environment does not always make all the desired, and therefore have to look for alternative ways. One of the outputs of the current situation, Allows you to update the fleet and increase its potential in terms of known restrictions, It is the construction of a large number of small missile ships with advanced weapons. these ideas, Firstly, implemented by means of projects 21631 "Buyan-M" and 22800 "Karakuri".
To date, Russian shipbuilding industry has had time to pull water three ships of the "Karakurt" from 18 planned to be built. The first two in this year will be held all the tests and was sent to serve in the Baltic Sea. Yet 15 ships will be delivered to the customer, starting next year. By the mid-twenties, four fleet of the Russian Navy will be able to form a complete group of small missile ships with modern weaponry.
Building large and powerful ships with missile and artillery weapons still refers to the distant future, but the navy can not wait. For this reason, other military units are under construction, also have a very notable features. Despite its modest size and small displacement, they can be a serious impact tool and effective instrument of international politics. A large number of ships required to turn into quality.
On this Site:
http://ria.ru/
http://tass.ru/
http://nvo.ng.ru/
http://pellaship.ru/
http://npomash.ru/
