Fasting and tolerability IN EXTREME CONDITIONS

Lack of food causes hunger. During fasting performed internal power due to autodigestion organism's own tissues (autolysis). Medicine arbitrarily distinguish four types of fasting:

1• absolute – in the absence of any food and water;
2• full – in the absence of any food, but in the presence of water;
3• incomplete – when used in a limited number of food, insufficient to compensate for energy losses;
4• partial – when a sufficient amount of food a person receives less food one or more essential body substances (vitamins, proteins, etc.. d.).

As a result of starvation the person has profound and sometimes irreversible disturbances in the body, which will eventually lead to serious disorders of functions of many organs and systems.

If the body does not receive the necessary long-nutrients, it, to provide for their energy needs, first moves to endogenous (from domestic reserves) food. Thus there is a rearrangement of enzyme systems, possibly aimed at more economic redistribution and consumption of tissue resources. Since the main energy source of fats, the reserves of which are in the adipose tissue, initially utilized subcutaneous fat.

The mobilization of large amounts of fat from the depot and its transition into the blood entails lipemia – the appearance in the blood plasma of tiny fat particles. As a result, the liver is exposed to fatty infiltration, and this is a very adverse effect on its function.

When fat and carbohydrate reserves are depleted, energetic material as the body begins to use the proteins of cells and tissues. And if people do not stop fasting, protein loss can lead to a tragic end. Fasting inevitably causes and vitamin deficiency, which aggravates metabolic disorders in the body. Naturally, the most dangerous and absolute starvation.

Tolerability of the so-called “safe starvation” It varies widely and depends on a person's age, his floor, complexion, the individual characteristics of the body and mind at the time of fasting. The maximum periods of starvation – this is the line, followed by the output from an emergency situation can no longer be. The most dangerous is the absolute starvation. Therefore it is necessary to use every opportunity, to prevent it.

At full starvation in favorable climatic conditions it is possible to live 40-50 day. In some, the most favorable conditions, people with good health, Experience shows, may extend this period to 60-65 day.

At the beginning of this century, a group of 11 man on a hunger strike in prison to Irish town Korks. On the 20th day the newspapers began to assert, that the prisoners die. Such messages were passed on the 30th, 40-and, 50-and, 60-and 70 day. In fact, the first prisoner died on the 74th day, second – 88-e, and the rest refused to starvation on 94th day, gradually recovered and survived. A man named Succi between 1886 by 1904 g. for the money spent ten starvation experiments – from 20 to 45 days. A few times someone Marlette spent 50-night starvation.

Due to the fact that during fasting the body's tissues are spent, The more a person's weight, the longer it can starve. 119 hungry days in LA are obese (143 kilogram) Eileen Jones. Every day during the fasting she drank three liters of water, and twice a week she made a vitamin injection. During this time, her weight dropped to 81 kilogram, and the state of health was beautiful. AT 1973 g. in Glasgow two women, obese, starved to normalize their weight 236 and 249 days!

• However, in all cases it is not necessary to pass a milestone 30-40 day. Some experts believe, that the deadline of complete starvation for an adult can be up to 60-70 day. In the young, this period is less. Older people may starve longer, than younger, in connection with a lower level of metabolism. Women are easier to tolerate starvation, than men.

When excessively long terms of fasting (a loss 45-50 % body weight) adaptive mechanisms of internal power violated. Exposed to disintegration stable proteins vital organs. The tragic denouement, ends in death from starvation, completed within 2-3 days. The forerunners of this final step are: increase feelings of hunger, disruptions in heart, increase in urine protein decomposition products.

generally considered, the more fat reserves, the longer the body can tolerate starvation. However, at equal fatness and the same conditions are different people may die in very different terms, that is connected, apparently, a central nervous system condition, character substances and other exchange.

should know: If you eat in the transition process is relatively normal, this shall have to try to maintain and further, In an effort to replenish stocks of the products in the way. If there is no food, and you decide to reach the goal, without food and drinking water only, it is better to starve until the end of the path.

The danger is incomplete starvation, or, more precisely, food on occasion. for example, 2-3 days of famine, later, when something manages to get, given stomach load, then hunger again. With this mode, a fractional power in man faster the depletion, vplot to dystrofyy, lost power. This is because the, that the body is not promptly switched to an internal power supply and profound changes in the cells, their disorientation may begin much earlier, than will be used by his own internal reserves.

When the full fasting, when the body receives only water, it adapts to the specific term to your inner nutrition, ie feeding their fat reserves, proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins and mineral salts. This food satisfies all needs of the body and is a full-fledged.

In all cases, we must strive to avoid starvation, or at least bring it to limit foreign. Must be able to rationally go to starvation because of the need and in a timely manner, wisely get out of it.

For most people, there is a psychological barrier to “zero diet”, consisting in fear of being completely without power in sparsely populated or uninhabited areas. know, when the established stereotype in your head, that the cold and fatigue saves food, you become eternally hungry. And tired and merznesh from hunger, and not from a limited supply.

An experiment was conducted, during which explained, What is fasting, how to deal with it, and so. P. According to the results of psychological and physiological studies, conducted before the campaign, during the trip and after, objectively witnessed not only the preservation of normal psychological and physical condition of the participants, but even improve it.

• The experiment showed, that the positive “psychological setting” (clarification people harmlessness 15-20-day fasting, differences total fasting from chronic malnutrition, familiarization with the psychophysiological mechanisms of this process) It had a stable positive effect on all bodily functions.

The overall results of the experiments on the program “Extremum”, conducted in 1981-1984 gg. in various forms by different people tourism, convincing evidence of the suitability of this unique method, enabling confidence to eliminate accidents in the absence of food (in the presence of only water) without prejudice to the health.