OC-23 "dart" – Russian automatic pistol, developed in the early 1990s, a team of designers led by COO TsKIB And. I. Stechkin. Development of a new gun to replace the APS pistol was started by order of the Russian Interior Ministry in the late 1993 of the year. At the design stage weapon was the name of the AP DBA ("Automatic pistol designs and. I. Stechkin, A. AT. Balzer, A. AT. Zinchenko ").
Nevertheless, the "dart" stopping power cartridges 5.45 × 18 mm was negligible, but because of the small mass of bullets their efficiency decreases rapidly with increasing distance, and the gun's popularity has not received. The release of this gun was very limited and currently it is almost never used. Nevertheless, the sample is very interesting, having its own unique characteristics and it is suitable for, to be "revived" in our time, of course, adapt to more effective ammunition. But first things first, and start, as usual, ammunition for this weapon, as the cartridge 5,45h18 MOC is not as well known, others.
Probably, the most important feature is that the cartridge 5,45h18, that it has developed a woman. Do not think, I have nothing against women's participation in the weapons case I do not have, but usually it is a rarity. Nevertheless, in the early 70s Antonina Dmitrievna Denisova was begun on the creation of small-caliber cartridge for pistol, which could compete with 9h17 and 9x18 in their characteristics, but would be less, I had less impact when firing, and had a high penetration. The basic idea was that the designer, that for sufficiently long bullet and its wrong balance, even with a small caliber it will completely give up their energy to the body of the enemy. Besides, anticipated, bullets that structure will contribute razdvizheniya Kevlar fibers in the body armor, rather than tear them, that would provide the best quality of the armor-piercing ammunition. Besides, high ability to penetrate armor had to provide the core of the bullet. In theory, everything looked fine, And in practice, partially confirmed. All, except stopping action. Then do not throw tomatoes, by armor-piercing – chuck 5,45h18 really surpasses regular patron Makarov pistol, so that we can talk about the achievement of an outcome.
As a result of Antonina Dmitrievna Denisova was born the weight cartridge 10,2 gram, all well known for small-sized pistol PSM. There are two versions of the cartridge with a bullet weight 2,4 grams and a bullet weighing 2,6 gram, wherein the initial rate of both variants bullets, when used in gun PSM is 325 meters per second, respectively, the kinetic energy of the projectile is equal to ridiculous values 119 and 129 joules. Interesting is the design of the bullet. In its nose portion is a steel core, and behind him is already under way to increase the lead bullet weight. In this way, obtained, the center of gravity shifted back a bullet, which is not good, particularly provided, that the designer hoped to increase the killing power bullet due to its length. However, it is a pistol cartridge, so there is nothing wrong with that. On the contrary, such bullets balancing promotes tumbling already in the body of the enemy, and this is just a very good, not the enemy, of course. Since the front of the iron core bullets located, then there is another problem in the form of ricochets. To get rid of it had to truncate the bullet nose, partially deprived of methane projectile rebounding ability, but a negative impact on armor-piercing. Such ammunition was decided to use the new gun.
In the early 90-ies of the last century in the domestic arms actually stubbornly moved not a good idea to deal with the means of body armor in the form of falling bullets at one point. of course, that it was impossible to do, but, even getting near, in theory, bullets hit the enemy for sure. The basic idea was that, that the first bullet had to destroy the means of individual protection, and the second has had to hit the enemy on the groomed path. In the constructors, who took up the creation of a pistol OTs-23, was somewhat different perspective on the use of this phenomenon. So, instead of the armor-emphasis was placed on the, that the bullets hit close to each other their stopping power could be summed, and therefore, it was possible to create a pattern of weapons with little recoil, but with very high efficiency. Well, the armor-piercing, of course, excess was not, but in practice the theory works through time, and even three.
Thus was created the original vision of such weapons, like a gun with the possibility of automatic fire with a cutoff of small-caliber bullets. At first glance at the weapon becomes clear, The MTA that the gun was a relative, though distant, so a lot of similarities in appearance of weapons, but not the exterior paint gun. Much more interesting point was the realization of automatic gun works, with a very small impact, but with a very high combat capability. Despite, that the weapon has a rather serious look and weight, shoot even a child can out of it, and firing automatic fire, without stock with one hand. The first thing to note in the trunk recess, who plays the role of the recoil compensator and does not allow the gun barrel when firing bully. But this solves only one problem, since movement sufficiently massive-shutter casing is clearly not the most positive effect on the accuracy of weapons, especially considering the rate of 1800 rounds per minute. It solved this problem Stechkin, and I decided ingeniously simple.
Automatic pistol built on the scheme with a free gate, but something this simple mechanism has been modified. When fired, the powder gases tend to push the bullet from the barrel, and the sleeve of the chamber. Ejection only prevents the shutter, spring-loaded return spring. As a result, even after the bullet left the barrel of a gun, shutter stores the energy from the sleeve and moves back. During the extracted motion-shutter casing back and cartridge cases ejected beyond the gun structure. And here begins wonders. Shutter engages with the barrel and then have moved with him, The resulting band-shutter-casing barrel sharply loses speed because of the increased weight of the total moving. After reaching its end position, under the action of the return spring all returned to their seats, along the way picking up a new cartridge from the magazine. That's it for such a decision and there is the pride of domestic gunsmiths.
Sam turned the gun is relatively heavy - 850 grams excluding cartridges. Cartridges in the store fit 24 Goodies, that is, the weight of the ready to use arms is slightly less than 1,1 kilogram. gun length is 195 millimeters at the length of the barrel 125 millimeters. On the right and left side arms, on the housing-gate is a switch fuse / fire mode. Automatic fire is conducted with a cutoff 3 chuck, that is all 24 Cartridge Care 8 bursts.
Unfortunately, get acquainted with the weapon could not be personally, I had the opportunity to see just, the other men with him managed by. And you, impressed. Especially impressed, that the three shots are merged into one, and in this case the weapons in the hands of the arrow remains virtually immobile. Distribution gun did not get, as noted earlier, The reasons for this only in the cartridge, which does not reach beyond the characteristics even in such a perfect weapon, and even in the company of two other patrons. But, in my opinion, not to continue further development of such weapons would be a crime. Finally, has piercing bullet, has international experience of such munitions, there are examples of applications, and very good. In general, very much hope that this sample is not completely buried, and somewhere all the same people involved in his resuscitation.
Caliber 4,45 mm
5,45h18 mm cartridge PMT
Empty weight 0,85 kg
Length 195 mm
Height 135 mm
Width 32 mm
The initial speed of a bullet 325 m / s
Rate of fire with the burst shooting 3 chuck 1800 / m
Rate of a single lamp 40 / m
magazine capacity 24 chuck
Effective range 150 m
OC 23 Dart
